RESUMO

This study evaluated the relationship between CL features assessed by ultrasound (luteal tissue area and blood flow, BF) or rectal palpation (size), uterine tone (UT), plasma progesterone (P4) concentration on Day 7 (D7) and subsequent pregnancy outcomes in bovine embryo recipients. A total of 163 cows and heifers were included in this study. The expected day of ovulation after the synchronization protocol was designated as D0. On D7, ovaries and uterus were examined by ultrasonography and rectal palpation, and subjective scores (1-3 scale) were assigned for CL size, area and BF, and for UT. Blood samples were collected for further P4 analysis. Each embryo recipient then received a grade I frozen-thawed in vivo-produced blastocyst, which was transferred to the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on D35, and the results were retrospectively compared with the assigned scores for CL and UT. We observed a significant (p < .02) interaction between CL size and UT, with a progressive increase in the likelihood of pregnancy for recipients bearing a large CL among those with turgid UT. Ultrasound scoring of the CL using B-mode and Doppler-mode did not significantly predict pregnancy rates on D35 (p < .6 and p < .5, respectively). However, logistic regression analysis revealed a trend towards a quadratic effect (p < .08 and p < .06) indicating that the probability of pregnancy varied according to the area of luteal tissue and P4 concentrations, respectively. No significant (p > .05) association was found between the probability of pregnancy and the BF area of the CL. In summary, UT before embryo transfer may reflect successful recipient synchronization. Elevated P4 levels, assessed by CL size, may offset uterine contractility, mitigating adverse effects. Additionally, the CL area may be more important than its vascularization area when evaluating recipients D7 after ovulation.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two Embryo Manipulation Solutions (EMS and EMS supplemented) in maintenance of the viability of embryos, initially using structures derived from mice (first phase). Next, the efficiency of these solutions in routines of bovine embryo transfer was evaluated (second stage). Mice embryos were used in the stages of early blastocyst, and compact morula grades I and II. These embryos were initially randomly distributed and maintained for four hours in three solutions: Modified phosphate buffered saline (PBS; Control); EMS (treatment 1), and EMS supplemented (treatment 2). Subsequently, they were cultured in TCM 199 medium and evaluated in terms of total number of cells, morphometric characteristics, ultra structural aspects, detection of cell apoptosis, and quantification of Hsp70.3 gene expression. In the second phase, these same solutions were tested in the transfer of quality I and II bovine embryos (excellent and good). These embryos were transferred fresh to 58 recipients. The results showed that the total number of cells in embryos expanded blastocyst (ExB), the number of apoptotic cells, the cell, nuclear, nucleolar diameter and the nucleus/nucleolus ratio was similar among the treatments. The pregnancy rate shown on second phase was also similar. However, the EMS supplemented expressed more Hsp70.3 than EMS. The expression of Hsp70.3 was also greater for embryos in EMS than that of EMS supplemented. The McII embryos, EMS and EMS supplemented samples also expressed more Hsp70.3 compared to control embryos. In conclusion, the tested solutions can be used in routine embryo transfer techniques, replacing modified PBS solution as an effective media in maintaining embryo viability.

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two Embryo Manipulation Solutions (EMS and EMS supplemented) in maintenance of the viability of embryos, initially using structures derived from mice (first phase). Next, the efficiency of these solutions in routines of bovine embryo transfer was evaluated (second stage). Mice embryos were used in the stages of early blastocyst, and compact morula grades I and II. These embryos were initially randomly distributed and maintained for four hours in three solutions: Modified phosphate buffered saline (PBS; Control); EMS (treatment 1), and EMS supplemented (treatment 2). Subsequently, they were cultured in TCM 199 medium and evaluated in terms of total number of cells, morphometric characteristics, ultra structural aspects, detection of cell apoptosis, and quantification of Hsp70.3 gene expression. In the second phase, these same solutions were tested in the transfer of quality I and II bovine embryos (excellent and good). These embryos were transferred fresh to 58 recipients. The results showed that the total number of cells in embryos expanded blastocyst (ExB), the number of apoptotic cells, the cell, nuclear, nucleolar diameter and the nucleus/nucleolus ratio was similar among the treatments. The pregnancy rate shown on second phase was also similar. However, the EMS supplemented expressed more Hsp70.3 than EMS. The expression of Hsp70.3 was also greater for embryos in EMS than that of EMS supplemented. The McII embryos, EMS and EMS supplemented samples also expressed more Hsp70.3 compared to control embryos. In conclusion, the tested solutions can be used in routine embryo transfer techniques, replacing modified PBS solution as an effective media in maintaining embryo viability.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two Embryo Manipulation Solutions (EMS and EMS supplemented) in maintenance of the viability of embryos, initially using structures derived from mice (first phase). Next, the efficiency of these solutions in routines of bovine embryo transfer was evaluated (second stage). Mice embryos were used in the stages of early blastocyst, and compact morula grades I and II. These embryos were initially randomly distributed and maintained for four hours in three solutions: Modified phosphate buffered saline (PBS; Control); EMS (treatment 1), and EMS supplemented (treatment 2). Subsequently, they were cultured in TCM 199 medium and evaluated in terms of total number of cells, morphometric characteristics, ultra structural aspects, detection of cell apoptosis, and quantification of Hsp70.3 gene expression. In the second phase, these same solutions were tested in the transfer of quality I and II bovine embryos (excellent and good). These embryos were transferred fresh to 58 recipients. The results showed that the total number of cells in embryos expanded blastocyst (ExB), the number of apoptotic cells, the cell, nuclear, nucleolar diameter and the nucleus/nucleolus ratio was similar among the treatments. The pregnancy rate shown on second phase was also similar. However, the EMS supplemented expressed more Hsp70.3 than EMS. The expression of Hsp70.3 was also greater for embryos in EMS than that of EMS supplemented. The McII embryos, EMS and EMS supplemented samples also expressed more Hsp70.3 compared to control embryos. In conclusion, the tested solutions can be used in routine embryo transfer techniques, replacing modified PBS solution as an effective media in maintaining embryo viability.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Brucellosis is an infectious and contagious disease that profoundly impacts public health. However, in many countries, disease prevention is restricted to the vaccination of calves, and there is no prophylactic strategy for pregnant heifers and cows. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of the rough strain vaccine against brucellosis in pregnant cattle. Crossbred cows (N = 96) at three gestational periods (early, mid, or late pregnancy) were randomly allocated into the vaccine treatment group or to the control group. We then compared the percentage of pregnancies reaching full term, live calves 60 days after delivery, and seropositive calves. There was no effect of vaccination in any of the gestational periods on the evaluation endpoints. In conclusion, vaccination against brucellosis with the rough strain is safe for pregnant cattle at all gestational periods.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantitative histology and testicular biometrics in zebu bulls of different breeds. Testicular fragments of Nelore (n=10), Polled Nelore (n=6), Gir (n=5), Guzerat (n=5) and Tabapuã bulls (n=5) were used. The fragments were perfusion-fixed in Karnovsky solution, embedded in glycol methacrylate and stained with toluidine blue-1% sodium borate. The Nelore animals had a higher tubular volumetric proportion (85.2%) and greater height of the seminiferous epithelium (73.2 µm) than the Gir, Guzerat and Tabapuã breeds. The Nelore animals also had a higher volumetric proportion of Leydig cells (5.2%) than the Guzerat and Tabapuã breeds. There was no significant difference for any of these parameters between the Nelore and Polled Nelore breeds. The gonadosomatic index, seminiferous tubule diameter, cross-sectional area of the seminiferous tubule and tubule length (total length and length per gram of testicular parenchyma) did not vary among the breeds studied. The morphometric parameters evaluated suggested that the genetic selection applied to the Nelore and Polled Nelore breeds improved the efficiency of spermatogenesis in these breeders.

RESUMO

Os objetivos da pesquisa foram caracterizar a ocorrência de infecções uterinas pós-puerperais em vacas leiteiras e avaliara eficiência do cloprostenol sódico para tratamento de infecções uterinas pós-puerperais em vacas leiteiras, sem atividade ovariana luteal. Foram usadas 111 vacas de diferentes rebanhos com infecção uterina, associada ao útero totalmente involuído.O diagnóstico e classificação das endometrites foram baseados na característica da descarga vaginal por vaginoscopia. A mesma medida foi utilizada para avaliação da evolução do processo e eficiência do tratamento. De acordo com o grau de infecção, os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos e receberam via IM os seguintes tratamentos. T1 (n=15): 2 ml de solução salina; T2 (n=32): uma dose de 0,530mg de Cloprostenol; T3 (n=32): duas doses de 0,530mg de Cloprostenol com 24 horas de intervalo e T4 (n=32) duas doses de 0,530mg de Cloprostenol com 48 horas de intervalo. As vacas foram novamente avaliadas por vaginoscopia 15 a 20 dias mais tarde. A eficiência dos tratamentos foi comparada pelo teste de qui-quadrado (χ2). A eficiência geral dos tratamentos, considerada a cura dos sinais clínicos foi de 6,67; 31,25; 50,00 e 37,50% para os grupos T1, T2, T3 e T4, respectivamente, sendo que todos os tratamentos foram igualmente eficientes (P<0,05) em relação ao controle. Os resultados mostram que o cloprostenol pode ser utilizado no tratamento de infecções uterinas pós-puerperais em vacas sem corpo lúteo,estimulando diretamente a imunidade uterina.(AU)

The research aims to characterize the occurrence of uterine post-puerperal infections in dairy cows and evaluate the efficiency ofprotocols of Cloprostenol administration for the treatment of clinical post puerperal uterine infections in dairy cows with and without luteal ovarian activity. 111 cows of different herds were used, all presenting clinical endometritis, associated with an involuted uterus. The diagnosis and classification of the endometritis was based on vaginal discharge characteristic by vaginoscopy. The same measure was used to evaluate the evolution of the process and efficiency of treatment. According to the infection degree the animals had been randomized in four groups, and received IM treatments: T1 (n=15): 2ml of saline solution; T2 (n=32): only onedose of 0.530mg of Cloprostenol; T3 (n=32): 2 doses of 0.530mg of Cloprostenol 24 hours apart and T4 (n=32): 2 doses 0.530mg of Cloprostenol with interval of 48 hours. The cows were evaluated by vaginoscopy 15 to 20 days later. The treatments efficiency was compared by the chi-square test (χ2). The general efficiency of treatments regarded as the healing of clinical signs was 6.67;31.25; 50.00 e 37.50 for groups T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. In relation to the Control group T1 (not treated), all groups were more efficient (P<0.05). The Cloprostenol can act in a direct way, in this case of animals without corpora lutea stimulating the uterine immunity. The results demonstrate that cloprostenol can be used in post puerperal uterine infections treatment in cows with absence of corpus luteum, directly stimulating uterine immunity.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Os objetivos da pesquisa foram caracterizar a ocorrência de infecções uterinas pós-puerperais em vacas leiteiras e avaliara eficiência do cloprostenol sódico para tratamento de infecções uterinas pós-puerperais em vacas leiteiras, sem atividade ovariana luteal. Foram usadas 111 vacas de diferentes rebanhos com infecção uterina, associada ao útero totalmente involuído.O diagnóstico e classificação das endometrites foram baseados na característica da descarga vaginal por vaginoscopia. A mesma medida foi utilizada para avaliação da evolução do processo e eficiência do tratamento. De acordo com o grau de infecção, os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos e receberam via IM os seguintes tratamentos. T1 (n=15): 2 ml de solução salina; T2 (n=32): uma dose de 0,530mg de Cloprostenol; T3 (n=32): duas doses de 0,530mg de Cloprostenol com 24 horas de intervalo e T4 (n=32) duas doses de 0,530mg de Cloprostenol com 48 horas de intervalo. As vacas foram novamente avaliadas por vaginoscopia 15 a 20 dias mais tarde. A eficiência dos tratamentos foi comparada pelo teste de qui-quadrado (χ2). A eficiência geral dos tratamentos, considerada a cura dos sinais clínicos foi de 6,67; 31,25; 50,00 e 37,50% para os grupos T1, T2, T3 e T4, respectivamente, sendo que todos os tratamentos foram igualmente eficientes (P<0,05) em relação ao controle. Os resultados mostram que o cloprostenol pode ser utilizado no tratamento de infecções uterinas pós-puerperais em vacas sem corpo lúteo,estimulando diretamente a imunidade uterina.

The research aims to characterize the occurrence of uterine post-puerperal infections in dairy cows and evaluate the efficiency ofprotocols of Cloprostenol administration for the treatment of clinical post puerperal uterine infections in dairy cows with and without luteal ovarian activity. 111 cows of different herds were used, all presenting clinical endometritis, associated with an involuted uterus. The diagnosis and classification of the endometritis was based on vaginal discharge characteristic by vaginoscopy. The same measure was used to evaluate the evolution of the process and efficiency of treatment. According to the infection degree the animals had been randomized in four groups, and received IM treatments: T1 (n=15): 2ml of saline solution; T2 (n=32): only onedose of 0.530mg of Cloprostenol; T3 (n=32): 2 doses of 0.530mg of Cloprostenol 24 hours apart and T4 (n=32): 2 doses 0.530mg of Cloprostenol with interval of 48 hours. The cows were evaluated by vaginoscopy 15 to 20 days later. The treatments efficiency was compared by the chi-square test (χ2). The general efficiency of treatments regarded as the healing of clinical signs was 6.67;31.25; 50.00 e 37.50 for groups T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. In relation to the Control group T1 (not treated), all groups were more efficient (P<0.05). The Cloprostenol can act in a direct way, in this case of animals without corpora lutea stimulating the uterine immunity. The results demonstrate that cloprostenol can be used in post puerperal uterine infections treatment in cows with absence of corpus luteum, directly stimulating uterine immunity.

Assuntos