RESUMO
Obesity is a relevant risk factor in breast cancer (BC), but little is known about the effects of overweight and obesity in surgical outcomes of BC patients. The aim of this study is to analyse surgical options and associated overall survival (OS) in overweight and obese women with BC. In this study, 2143 women diagnosed between 2012 and 2016 at the Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto) were included, and the clinicopathological information was retrieved from the institutional database. Patients were stratified by body mass index (BMI). Statistical analysis included Pearson's chi-squared test with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Multinomial, binary logistic regression and cox proportional-hazards model were also performed to calculate odd ratios and hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for adjusted and non-adjusted models. The results revealed no statistical difference in histological type, topographic localization, tumour stage and receptor status and in the number of surgical interventions. Overweight women have increased probability to be subjected to sentinel node biopsy. Obese and overweight women are more likely to be submitted to conservative surgery and contrariwise, less likely to undergo total mastectomy. Patients submitted to conservative surgery and not submitted to total mastectomy had a favourable OS although without statistical significance. No significant differences were observed in OS when stratified by BMI. Our results revealed significant variations regarding the surgical options in overweight and obese patients, but these were not translated in OS difference. More research is recommended to better address treatment options in overweight and obese BC patients.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Humanos , Feminino , Sobrepeso/complicações , Índice de Massa Corporal , Mastectomia , Obesidade/complicaçõesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Schistosomiasis is a debilitating disease that affects 200 million people worldwide. Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni are the major causative agents of this disease. Cancer-association and infertility-association in Schistosoma haematobium infection have already been described and it is known that the parasite produces a catechol-estrogen molecule that induces a hormonal imbalance in the host. METHODS: In order to better understand the relation of hormonal imbalance in experimental Schistosoma mansoni infection, we investigated a serum panel of steroid hormones in Schistosoma mansoni infected hamsters. RESULTS: We found a decrease in the serum levels of Estradiol (E2), Testosterone and Progesterone in infected females and an increase of Testosterone and a decrease in Progesterone in infected males in comparison with controls. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that S. mansoni alters the levels of steroid hormones in infected males and females and it will increase the repertoire of data about the host-parasite molecular interplay and its relation with the endocrine system.
Assuntos
Estradiol/sangue , Progesterona/sangue , Schistosoma mansoni/patogenicidade , Esquistossomose mansoni/sangue , Testosterona/sangue , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação para Baixo , Feminino , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologia , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
1.-la eugenisia como ciencia del porvenir serà la llamada a dictaminar en un pròimo futuro, las bases para un material racional como principio fundamental de su aplicaciòn pràctica, 2.-En relaciòn con la cuestion ecònomioca-social la regulaciòn maternal constituye sòlo un paliativo y nunca una forma de soluciòn principal de dichos factores, 3.-Se admite el empleo de contraconceptivos, siemnpre que exista una razòn justificable y un riguroso control mèdico, 4.-Creemos que nuevas aportaciones sobre la fertilidad y esterilidad femeninas contribuiràn enormente a la efectividad de una maternidad racional,6.-En nuestro medio la ùnica clase que por el momento puede beneficiarse de las enseñanzas para una regulaciòn maternal es la clase media o artesana, 7.-Esta enseñanza deberà efectuarse con mucho cuidado a fin de evitar resultados inesperados en veces contrarios a la maternida conciente, 8.- Endudablemente la formaciòn del sentido de responsabilidad en el hombre, seria el mayor èxito para nuestra campaña por una maternidad racional