RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Current guidelines state that patients with severe mitral regurgitation should be treated in reference centers with a high reparability rate, low mortality rate, and durable results. OBJECTIVE: To analyze our global experience with the treatment of organic mitral regurgitation from various etiologies operated in a single center. METHODS: We evaluated all surgically treated patients with organic mitral regurgitation from 2004-2017. Patients were evaluated clinically and by echocardiography every year. We determined early and late survival rates, valve related events and freedom from recurrent mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation. Valve failure was defined as any mitral regurgitation ≥ moderate degree or the need for reoperation for any reason. RESULTS: Out of 133 patients with organic mitral regurgitation, 125 (93.9%) were submitted to valve repair. Mean age was 57±15 years and 52 patients were males. The most common etiologies were degenerative disease (73 patients) and rheumatic disease (34 patients). Early mortality was 2.4% and late survival was 84.3% at 10 years, which are similar to the age- and gender-matched general population. Only two patients developed severe mitral regurgitation, and both were reoperated (95.6% at 10 years). Freedom from mitral valve failure was 84.5% at 10 years, with no difference between degenerative and rheumatic valves. Overall, late ≥ moderate tricuspid regurgitation was present in 34% of the patients, being more common in the rheumatic ones. The use of tricuspid annuloplasty abolished this complication. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that mitral regurgitation due to organic mitral valve disease from various etiologies can be surgically treated with a high repair rate, low early mortality and long-term survival that are comparable to the matched general population. Concomitant treatment of atrial fibrillation and tricuspid valve may be important adjuncts to optimize long-term results.
Assuntos
Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reoperação , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Abstract Introduction: Current guidelines state that patients with severe mitral regurgitation should be treated in reference centers with a high reparability rate, low mortality rate, and durable results. Objective: To analyze our global experience with the treatment of organic mitral regurgitation from various etiologies operated in a single center. Methods: We evaluated all surgically treated patients with organic mitral regurgitation from 2004-2017. Patients were evaluated clinically and by echocardiography every year. We determined early and late survival rates, valve related events and freedom from recurrent mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation. Valve failure was defined as any mitral regurgitation ≥ moderate degree or the need for reoperation for any reason. Results: Out of 133 patients with organic mitral regurgitation, 125 (93.9%) were submitted to valve repair. Mean age was 57±15 years and 52 patients were males. The most common etiologies were degenerative disease (73 patients) and rheumatic disease (34 patients). Early mortality was 2.4% and late survival was 84.3% at 10 years, which are similar to the age- and gender-matched general population. Only two patients developed severe mitral regurgitation, and both were reoperated (95.6% at 10 years). Freedom from mitral valve failure was 84.5% at 10 years, with no difference between degenerative and rheumatic valves. Overall, late ≥ moderate tricuspid regurgitation was present in 34% of the patients, being more common in the rheumatic ones. The use of tricuspid annuloplasty abolished this complication. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that mitral regurgitation due to organic mitral valve disease from various etiologies can be surgically treated with a high repair rate, low early mortality and long-term survival that are comparable to the matched general population. Concomitant treatment of atrial fibrillation and tricuspid valve may be important adjuncts to optimize long-term results.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Adulto Jovem , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Reoperação , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Ecocardiografia , Análise de Sobrevida , Seguimentos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Objectives: Review our long-term results with the Ross operation in middle-aged patients. Methods: Between 1995 and 2016, 129 consecutive patients (106 males); mean age (47.2 ± 5.2 years) underwent a Ross operation. Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction was performed with cryopreserved (n = 45) or decellularized allografts (n = 84). Mean follow-up was 8.4 ± 5.3 years (0.1 20.5 years). We analyzed early and late mortality, as well as valve related events and the need for reoperations. Results: Early mortality was 1.6% and late survival was 87.6% at 16 years. There were 4 reoperations on the pulmonary autograft (96% freedom at 16 years) and 2 on the pulmonary allografts (99% freedom at 16 years). The 16-year freedom from more than mild aortic insufficiency (AI) and a late root diameter >45 mm was 64% and 71%, respectively. Patients with the preoperative diagnosis of AI are at greater risk for these complications. Among the allografts, decellularized allografts showed superior freedom from structural valve dysfunction. Conclusions: The Ross operation in this cohort was associated with long-term survival similar to the general population and low incidence of reoperations. Patients with the preoperative diagnosis of AI are at increased risk for late autograft insufficiency and root dilatation. Decellularized allografts presented the best results for reconstruction of the RVOT. These results support the conclusion that the Ross operation has an important role in the treatment of middle-aged patients with aortic valve disease, especially those with pure aortic stenosis.
Assuntos
Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Previsões , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Valva Pulmonar/transplante , Adulto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante Autólogo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to assess the 18-year outcome of the Ross operation (RO), with emphasis on survival, reoperations, and late function of the pulmonary autografts (PAs) and the right-sided pulmonary allografts. METHODS: Between May 1995 to July 2013, 414 patients with a mean age (mean ± standard deviation) of 30.8 ± 13.1 years were submitted to an RO with the root replacement (n = 356) or the inclusion (n = 58) technique. The most prevalent aetiology was bicuspid valve (n = 206, 49.8%). Patients were divided in four groups depending on the type of allograft used on the right side. The mean follow-up was 8.2 ± 5.2 years and was 97.7% complete. In addition to longitudinal outcomes determined by means of the Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were used to identify predictors of valve failure. RESULTS: The early mortality rate was 2.7% and the late survival rate was 89.3% at 15 years, similar to an age- and sex-matched population. There were 22 reoperations on the PA (90.7% freedom at 15 years) and 15 on the pulmonary allografts (92.5% freedom at 15 years). The freedom rate from more than mild aortic insufficiency (AI) was 73.1% at 15 years. Thirty-three patients presented with a late root diameter >45 mm, corresponding to a freedom rate of 72.4% at 15 years. Patients with AI and a dilated annulus, especially males, are at greater risk for these complications. Among the right-sided allografts, fresh decellularized allografts showed significantly superior freedom from structural valve dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: The RO was associated with excellent long-term survival and low incidence of reoperations up to 15 years. Male patients with AI and dilated annulus are at increased risk for late insufficiency and root dilatation. Fresh decellularized allografts presented the best results for reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract.
Assuntos
Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Adulto , Valva Aórtica/fisiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Valva Pulmonar/transplante , Reoperação , Transplante Autólogo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study reports the initial clinical and echocardiographic results of the Premium bioprosthetic aortic valve up to 4 years of follow-up. METHODS: Between October 2007 and July 2011, 121 consecutive patients were submitted for aortic valve replacement with the Premium bioprosthetic valve. The mean age was 68 ± 9 years and 64 patients were males. The patients were periodically evaluated by clinical and echocardiographic examinations. The mean follow-up was 21 months (min = 2, max = 48), yielding 217 patients/year for the analysis. RESULTS: The hospital mortality was 8%. Late survival at 3 years was 89% (95% CI: 81.9-93.3%), and 80% of the patients were in NYHA functional class I/II. The rates of valve-related complications were low, with a linearized incidence of 0.9%/100 patients/year for thromboembolic complications, 0% for haemorrhagic events and 0.9%/100 patients/year of bacterial endocarditis. There was no case of primary structural valve dysfunction. The mean effective orifice area was 1.61 ± 0.45 cm(2); mean gradient 13 ± 5 mmHg and peak gradient 22 ± 9 mmHg. Significant patient-prosthesis mismatch was found in only 11% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: The Premium bioprosthetic aortic valve demonstrated very satisfactory clinical and echocardiographic results up to 4 years, similar to other commercially available, third-generation bioprosthetic valves.
Assuntos
Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Bioprótese , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/instrumentação , Valvas Cardíacas , Pericárdio/transplante , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Brasil , Bovinos , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/mortalidade , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Desenho de Prótese , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados imediatos e tardios de 10 anos da substituição da valva aórtica por homoenxertos valvares aórticos implantados pela técnica de substituição total da raiz, e identificar eventuais fatores de risco correlacionados com a degeneração tecidual primária dos enxertos. MÉTODO: Entre maio/1995 e janeiro/2006, 282 pacientes com média de idade de 52,8±16,6 anos foram submetidos à substituição da valva aórtica com homoenxertos valvares. As etiologias prevalentes foram a valva aórtica bicúspide calcificada e a degeneração senil em 49 por cento dos casos. Quarenta e sete pacientes eram reoperações e 26 tinham endocardite bacteriana aguda. Procedimentos associados foram realizados em 113 pacientes. O homoenxerto valvar foi implantado pela técnica de substituição total da raiz em todos os casos. O tempo de seguimento pós-operatório variou de 1 a 129 meses (média = 41±25 meses). RESULTADOS: A mortalidade imediata foi de 7 por cento, sendo de apenas 2,6 por cento nos casos de operação eletiva para a substituição isolada da valva aórtica. Dos 262 que receberam alta hospitalar, foi possível obter avaliação clínica e/ou ecocardiograma em 209 deles, sendo 51 (20 por cento) perdidos durante o seguimento. Houve 17 óbitos tardios, entre o 2° e 81° meses de pós-operatório, o que resultou em curva atuarial de sobrevida global de 90 por cento e 80,1 por cento aos 5 e 10 anos de evolução, respectivamente. Foram observados apenas oito episódios tromboembólicos (quatro imediatos e quatro tardios), durante a evolução para uma incidência linearizada de 0,3 por cento/100 pacientes/ano. Endocardite bacteriana ocorreu em três ocasiões (0,4 por cento/100 pacientes/ano). Nove pacientes foram reoperados, dos quais apenas três por problemas no homoenxerto (uma degeneração tecidual e dois casos de endocardite), o que resultou numa probabilidade de 94 por cento livres dessa complicação aos 10 anos de seguimento. A análise do ecocardiograma...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the imediate and late results of 10 years of aortic valve root replacement with aortic homografts and to identify possible risk factors related with homograft primary tissue failure. METHODS: Between May 1995 and January 2006, 282 patients with a mean age of 52.8±16.6 years were submitted to aortic valve root replacement with an aortic homografts. The most prevalent etiologies were calcified bicuspid aortic valves and senile degeneration, corresponding to 49 percent of the cases. Forty-seven patients were reoperations and acute bacterial endocarditis were present in 26. Associated procedures were necessary in 113 patients. The homograft was implanted as a root replacement in all. Follow-up time varied between 1 and 129 months (mean= 41±25 months). RESULTS: Early overall mortality was 7 percent, with only 2.6 percent for cases of aortic valve replacement in isolation. Of the 262 patients discharged from hospital, it was possible to obtain clinical and echocardiographic evaluations in 209. Fifty-one patients (20 percent) were lost in the follow-up. There were 17 late deaths between the 2nd and 81st postoperative months, which resulted in an actuarial survival rate of 90 percent and 80.1 percent at 5 and 10 years respectively. There were eight thromboembolic events (four early and four late), for a linearized incidence of 0.3 percent events/100 patients/year. Bacterial endocarditis occurred in three occasions (0.4 percent/100 patients/year). Nine patients were re-operated, of which only three were related to the homograft (one case of primary tissue failure and two of bacterial endocarditis), corresponding to a probability of 94 percent of the patients free from this complication at 10 years of follow-up. Late echocardiographic analysis demonstrated maximum gradients varying between 3 and 47 mmHg (mean= 14.5 mmHg), with only two patients having a maximum gradient greater than 40 mmHg. Moderate valvar...