RESUMO
Preservation rhinoplasty is a new philosophy in the field of rhinoplasty, focusing on preserving and reshaping nasal structures. However, the authors suggest some patients are not good candidates for preservation rhinoplasty. Patients with underprojected noses and thick skin need a septal extension graft for tip support and to achieve maximum tip definition. In this article, we describe a new technique to combine septal extension graft with the preservation of tip ligaments, called interdomal hanger. It allows the surgeon to benefit from increased tip support in rotation and projection. The technique consists of the preservation of the interdomal ligament, which is then stabilized above the septal extension graft working as a suspensory sling. With this technique, the surgeon can mix important steps of preservation rhinoplasty and benefit from the support of the septal extension grafts.
RESUMO
Synthesis of four compounds belonging to mesoionic class, (E)-3-phenyl-5-(phenylamino)-2-styryl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-ium chloride derivatives (5a-d) and their biological evaluation against MT2 and C92 cell lines infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1), which causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), and non-infected cell lines (Jurkat) are reported. The compounds were obtained by convergent synthesis under microwave irradiation and the cytotoxicity was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Results showed IC50 values of all compounds in the range of 1.51-7.70 M in HTLV-1-infected and non-infected cells. Furthermore, it was observed that 5b could induce necrosis after 24 h for Jurkat and MT2 cell lines. The experimental (fluorimetric method) and theoretical (molecular docking) results suggested that the mechanism of action for 5b could be related to its capacity to intercalate into DNA. Moreover, the preliminary pharmacokinetic profile of the studied compounds (5a-d) was obtained through human serum albumin (HSA) binding affinity using multiple spectroscopic techniques (circular dichroism, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence), zeta potential and molecular docking calculations. The interaction HSA:5a-d is spontaneous and moderate (Ka ~ 104 M-1) via a ground-state association, without significantly perturbing both the secondary and surface structures of the albumin in the subdomain IIA (site I), indicating feasible biodistribution in the human bloodstream.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Cloretos/farmacologia , Leucemia-Linfoma de Células T do Adulto/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma de Células T do Adulto/virologia , Sítios de Ligação , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular , Dicroísmo Circular , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Células Jurkat , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Micro-Ondas , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Ligação Proteica , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Albumina Sérica Humana/química , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
Discussion section, 9th paragraph.
RESUMO
Bats and dogs are the main reservoirs of rabies virus (RABV) in Latin America and are responsible for the maintenance of different cycles of infection. In the two neighbour and most southern Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Santa Catarina (SC), rabies in dogs has been successfully controlled for more than 30 years. However, rabies associated to the rural cycle remains endemic, with a significant, though oscillating-annual incidence of rabies in cattle. Despite the plethora of studies on genetic analyses of Brazilian RABV, isolates from southern Brazil have only scarcely been investigated. This work was performed to identify the genetic lineages of RABVs circulating in states of RS and SC. Fifty-nine RABV cattle isolates from RS and SC were selected and submitted to reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by sequencing of the nucleoprotein gene. In RS, the circulation of two sublineages (1A and 1B) of RABV was detected, both with characteristics of lineages usually detected in vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus). In SC, only one sublineage of RABV (1B) was detected. Nevertheless, the findings reported here are expected to contribute to the understanding of the biology of the virus in the region and its interactions with the natural host D. rotundus.
Assuntos
Filogenia , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Raiva/isolamento & purificação , Raiva/virologia , Animais , Brasil , Bovinos , Quirópteros/virologia , Cães , RNA Viral/genética , Raiva/diagnóstico , Raiva/epidemiologia , Vírus da Raiva/patogenicidadeRESUMO
An unprecedented outbreak of rabies occurred in Rio Grande do Sul state (RS) from 2012 onward, resulting in thousands of bovine deaths, important economic losses, and posing risk to human health. This article describes a genetic analysis of 145 rabies viruses (RABV) recovered from herbivorous from RS between 2012 and 2017, based on partial sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein (N) gene. High nucleotide (nt) identity (95.5 to 100%) and amino acid (aa) similarity (96.7 to 100%) were observed among the analyzed sequences. These sequences displayed a high sequence nt identity/aa similarity with bovine RABV sequences (96.4-97.9%; 98.1-100%, respectively) and vampire bat RABV sequences (96.3-97.5%; 97.8-99.5%). Phylogenetic analyzes based on the N sequence allowed for the segregation of viruses into two distinct clusters. Cluster 1 comprised RABV sequences covering the whole studied period, whereas cluster 2 grouped a lower number of viruses from 2013, 2014, 2015, to 2017. In some cases, viruses obtained from the same region within a short period of time grouped to distinct clusters or sub-clusters, indicating the co-circulation of distinct virus lineages in these outbreaks. The segregation into sub-clusters was also observed for viral sequences obtained from the same region at different times, indicating the involvement of distinct viruses. In summary, partial sequence analyses revealed a high conservation of N protein and the circulation of two lineages and different sublineages of RABV in the region. In addition, our results confirm the suitability of N gene to study the genetic relationships among RABV isolates.
Assuntos
Proteínas do Nucleocapsídeo/genética , Vírus da Raiva/genética , Raiva/veterinária , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Encéfalo/virologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos/virologia , Herbivoria , Filogenia , RNA Viral/genética , Raiva/epidemiologia , Raiva/virologia , Vírus da Raiva/classificação , Análise de Sequência , Ovinos/virologiaRESUMO
A Jornada Participativa do SUS de Santo André é um projeto intersetorial, criado em 2015, que reuniu diversas iniciativas para aprimorar o planejamento e desempenho das eleições dos 56 Conselhos Locais de Saúde (CLS). Esse projeto realizou uma avaliação minuciosa das eleições de 2013, identificando as dificuldades e falhas do seu percurso. Esse processo de análise envolveu uma avaliação da conjuntura política do país, que tem gerado um progressivo desinteresse e descrédito da população nas instituições e nos partidos políticos, o que contribuiu para o esvaziamento dos Conselhos Locais. A Gestão Participativa em Santo André é um método de governo que requer constante avaliação e ousadia para escutar e dialogar com os diversos setores no acompanhamento e transparência da gestão.
Assuntos
Humanos , Sistema Único de Saúde , Participação da Comunidade , Conselhos de SaúdeRESUMO
In the title di-hydro-dioxin, C31H28O5, the dioxane ring has a chair conformation, whereas each of the pyran and dioxine rings has an envelope conformation with methyl-ene and quaternary C atoms, respectively, being the flap atoms. The phenyl rings are cis and form a dihedral angle of 82.11â (10)°. The molecular structure is stabilized by C-Hâ¯O contacts. In the crystal packing, supra-molecular layers parallel to (101) are sustained by C-Hâ¯π inter-actions.
RESUMO
São apresentados os resultados de 23 anos de diagnósticos de raiva realizados no Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Entre os anos de 1985 e 2007, um total de 23.460 amostras foram diagnosticadas no laboratório, compreendendo cerca de 95 por cento do número total de amostras submetidas ao diagnóstico laboratorial de raiva no Estado. A metodologia utilizada seguiu técnicas padrões como a imunofluorescência direta (IFD) e inoculação em camundongos (IC). Não ocorreram casos de raiva humana no período. O vírus rábico (VR) foi detectado em 739 (3,1 por cento) amostras, sendo 656 (88,7 por cento) de origem bovina. O vírus foi também identificado em 23 caninos (3,1 por cento), 21 eqüinos (2,9 por cento), 29 quirópteros (4,0 por cento), 4 felinos (0,5 por cento), 3 ovinos (0,4 por cento), 2 suínos (0,27 por cento) e em um animal selvagem de espécie indeterminada (0,13 por cento). O último caso de raiva em cães associado com variantes do vírus endêmicas nessa espécie foi diagnosticado em 1988. Dois episódios de contaminação incidental registrados em um felino em 2001 e em um canino em 2007, associados com variantes do vírus prevalentes em morcegos. Em relação à raiva bovina, os dados aqui apresentados revelam uma marcante diminuição no número de casos de raiva nessa espécie, em comparação com registros prévios. Por outro lado, um aumento no número de casos de raiva em morcegos hematófagos e não hematófagos vem sendo observado; no entanto, não é possível associar este aumento com modificações nas relações vírus/hospedeiro, pois o número de morcegos submetidos para diagnóstico tem igualmente aumentado. Isto provavelmente reflete o aumento do conhecimento sobre o papel de morcegos no ciclo de transmissão, e não necessariamente alterações no vírus e/ou nos hospedeiros.(AU)
The results of 23 years of rabies diagnosis carried out at the Veterinary Research Institute Desidério Finamor, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil, are reported. From 1985 to 2007, a total of 23.460 specimens were examined, corresponding to 95 percent of the total number of samples submitted to rabies laboratory diagnosis notified within the state. Diagnostic methods included standard techniques such as the fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and mouse inoculation test (MIT). No cases of human rabies occurred in the period. Rabies virus (RV) was detected in 739 specimens (3.1 percent), from which 656 (88.7 percent) were from cattle. The virus was also identified in specimens from 23 dogs (3.1 percent), 21 horses (2.9 percent), 29 bats (4.0 percent), 4 cats (0.5 percent), 3 sheep (0.4 percent), 2 pigs (0.27 percent) and a wild animal of undetermined species (0.13 percent). The last case of rabies associated with a canine variant was diagnosed in 1988. Two cases of rabies associated with bat variant viruses were reported, in a domestic cat (2001) and in a dog (2007). In cattle, a marked tendency to a decrease in the number of cases was detected in the examined period. In contrast, an increase in the number of cases in haematophagous as well as in non haematophagous bats is noticed. However, as the number of bat specimens submitted for diagnosis has increased, this finding most likely reflects a higher degree of awareness on the possible role for bats in the rabies transmission cycle, rather than any particular changes on the virus or its hosts.(AU)
Assuntos
Raiva/diagnóstico , Raiva/epidemiologia , Vírus da Raiva , Padrões de Referência , Técnicas de Laboratório ClínicoRESUMO
São apresentados os resultados de 23 anos de diagnósticos de raiva realizados no Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Entre os anos de 1985 e 2007, um total de 23.460 amostras foram diagnosticadas no laboratório, compreendendo cerca de 95 por cento do número total de amostras submetidas ao diagnóstico laboratorial de raiva no Estado. A metodologia utilizada seguiu técnicas padrões como a imunofluorescência direta (IFD) e inoculação em camundongos (IC). Não ocorreram casos de raiva humana no período. O vírus rábico (VR) foi detectado em 739 (3,1 por cento) amostras, sendo 656 (88,7 por cento) de origem bovina. O vírus foi também identificado em 23 caninos (3,1 por cento), 21 eqüinos (2,9 por cento), 29 quirópteros (4,0 por cento), 4 felinos (0,5 por cento), 3 ovinos (0,4 por cento), 2 suínos (0,27 por cento) e em um animal selvagem de espécie indeterminada (0,13 por cento). O último caso de raiva em cães associado com variantes do vírus endêmicas nessa espécie foi diagnosticado em 1988. Dois episódios de contaminação incidental registrados em um felino em 2001 e em um canino em 2007, associados com variantes do vírus prevalentes em morcegos. Em relação à raiva bovina, os dados aqui apresentados revelam uma marcante diminuição no número de casos de raiva nessa espécie, em comparação com registros prévios. Por outro lado, um aumento no número de casos de raiva em morcegos hematófagos e não hematófagos vem sendo observado; no entanto, não é possível associar este aumento com modificações nas relações vírus/hospedeiro, pois o número de morcegos submetidos para diagnóstico tem igualmente aumentado. Isto provavelmente reflete o aumento do conhecimento sobre o papel de morcegos no ciclo de transmissão, e não necessariamente alterações no vírus e/ou nos hospedeiros.(AU)
The results of 23 years of rabies diagnosis carried out at the Veterinary Research Institute Desidério Finamor, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil, are reported. From 1985 to 2007, a total of 23.460 specimens were examined, corresponding to 95 percent of the total number of samples submitted to rabies laboratory diagnosis notified within the state. Diagnostic methods included standard techniques such as the fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and mouse inoculation test (MIT). No cases of human rabies occurred in the period. Rabies virus (RV) was detected in 739 specimens (3.1 percent), from which 656 (88.7 percent) were from cattle. The virus was also identified in specimens from 23 dogs (3.1 percent), 21 horses (2.9 percent), 29 bats (4.0 percent), 4 cats (0.5 percent), 3 sheep (0.4 percent), 2 pigs (0.27 percent) and a wild animal of undetermined species (0.13 percent). The last case of rabies associated with a canine variant was diagnosed in 1988. Two cases of rabies associated with bat variant viruses were reported, in a domestic cat (2001) and in a dog (2007). In cattle, a marked tendency to a decrease in the number of cases was detected in the examined period. In contrast, an increase in the number of cases in haematophagous as well as in non haematophagous bats is noticed. However, as the number of bat specimens submitted for diagnosis has increased, this finding most likely reflects a higher degree of awareness on the possible role for bats in the rabies transmission cycle, rather than any particular changes on the virus or its hosts.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Raiva/diagnóstico , Raiva/epidemiologia , Raiva/veterinária , Estudos Transversais , Técnica Direta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/métodosRESUMO
Laser flash photolysis (LFP) studies, atoms in molecules (AIM) studies, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed in order to study the mechanism of the hydrogen abstraction by alpha-diketones in the presence of phenols. Laser irradiation of a degassed solution of 1,2-diketopyracene in acetonitrile resulted in the formation of a readily detectable transient with absorption at 610 nm, but with very low absorptivity. This transient decays with a lifetime of around 2 micros. The quenching rate constant for substituted phenols, kq, ranged from 1.10x10(8) L mol-1 s-1 (4-cyanophenol) to 3.87x10(9) L mol-1 s-1 (4-hydroxyphenol). The Hammett plot for the reaction of the triplet of 1,2-diketopyracene with phenols gave a reaction constant rho=-0.9. DFT calculations (UB3LYP/6-311++G**//UB3LYP/6-31G*) of the triplet complex ketone-phenol revealed that hydrogen transfer has predominantly occurred and that the reaction with alpha-diketones are generally 7 kcal/mol less endothermic than the respective reactions of the monoketones. These results together with the geometries obtained from the DFT calculations, natural bond order (NBO) analysis, and AIM results indicate that hydrogen abstraction for alpha-diketones is facilitated by the electrophilicity of the ketone, instead of neighboring group participation by the second carbonyl group.