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Objective: To evaluate the influence of opacity and the layering technique on the fluorescence of different composite resins. Materials and Methods: Two opacities (enamel and dentin) and the layering technique (enamel + dentin) of the composite resins: Filtek® Z350 and Palfique LX5 were evaluated in vitro. Composite resin discs were fabricated using a preformed matrix of 10 mm diameter and 0.5 mm thick for the single opacity groups and 10 mm thick for the layering technique groups, using 2 layers of 0.5 mm thickness of each opacity (n = 5). Specimens were analyzed using the Raman spectroscopy method. Data were analyzed using the Kruskall-wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: When evaluating the intensity of fluorescence, no statistically significant difference was found when comparing the layering technique and enamel opacity (p2> 0.05) and an increase in the dentin opacity value for both brands of composite resin. Regarding wavelength, no statistically significant difference was found when comparing the layering technique with enamel opacity and dentin opacity for both Filtek® Z350 and Palfique LX5® composite resins (p2 > 0.05). Conclusions: The fluorescence intensity of the layering technique is similar to enamel opacity for both composite resins. Likewise, the wavelength of the layering technique is similar to the enamel opacity and dentin opacity for both brands.
Objetive: Evaluar la influencia de la opacidad y de la técnica de estratificación en la fluorescencia de diferentes resinas compuestas. Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluó in vitro 2 opacidades (Esmalte y Dentina) y la técnica de estratificación (Esmalte + Dentina) de las resinas compuestas: Filtek® Z350 y Palfique LX5. Se fabricaron discos de resina compuesta, utilizando una matriz preformada de 10 mm de diámetro y 0,5 mm de grosor para los grupos de opacidad única y 10 mm de grosor para los grupos de técnica estratificada, utilizando 2 capas de 0,5 mm de cada opacidad (n = 5). Los especímenes se analizaron mediante el método de Espectroscopía Raman. Los datos se analizaron utilizando la prueba de Kruskall-wallis y Prueba U de Mann Whitney. Resultado: Al evaluar la intensidad de fluorescencia no se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los pares: Técnica estratificada versus Opacidad Esmalte para ambas marcas de resina compuesta Filtek® Z350 y para Palfique LX5® (p2 > 0,05). Para longitud de onda no se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los pares: Técnica estratificada versus Opacidad Esmalte y Técnica estratificada VS Opacidad Dentina para ambas resinas compuesta Filtek® Z350 y Palfique LX5® (p2> 0,05). Conclusión: La intensidad de fluorescencia de la técnica estratificada es similar a la opacidad Esmalte para ambas resinas compuestas. De igual manera la longitud de onda de la técnica estratificada es similar a la opacidad Esmalte y opacidad Dentina para ambas marcas.
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Humanos , Resinas Compostas/química , Nanotecnologia/métodos , Análise Espectral , Técnicas In VitroRESUMO
Background: The hooded capuchin that occurs in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul belongs tothe species Sapajus cay. This robust species of capuchin monkey is characterized by its highly varied diet. Although it is welladapted to the natural environment, the survival of this species has come under increasing threat. In fact, several animals havebeen rescued and taken into veterinary medical care, where its correct capture and restraint minimize the occurrence of adverseeffects to the animal and to veterinary anesthesiologists. This paper reports on the emergency care of a hooded capuchin (S.cay) rescued by the Environmental Police of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and sent to veterinary medical care.Case: An adult female hooded capuchin, weighing 1.6 kg, was subjected to veterinary care to treat trauma probably causedby being run over. The animal exhibited intense prostration, 10% dehydration, pale and slightly jaundiced oral and ocularmucous membranes, impaired consciousness, cachexia, muscle weakness, sarcopenia, a probable fracture in the proximalportion of the left tibia and a laceration and possible fracture of the right metatarsus. The patient was stabilized by subjectingher to fluid therapy with Ringers lactate solution supplemented with glucose and vitamins. The animal was anesthetizedwith an intramuscular injection of 11 mg/kg ketamine and 0.6 mg/kg midazolam, and blood count, serum biochemistryand electrocardiography were performed. Blood tests revealed hypochromic microcytic anemia, liver disease and a slightincrease in urea to 56 mg/dL (reference: 14.4-48.9 mg/dL). The electrocardiogram revealed the following: HR: 260b.p.m; P axis: -115.36º; QRS axis: 50.17º; T duration: 36 ms; R amplitude: 0.68 mV; P amplitude: 0.17 mV; P duration:...(AU)
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Animais , Feminino , Adulto , Primatas , Anestesia/veterinária , Testes Hematológicos/veterinária , Eletrocardiografia/veterinária , Fraturas da Tíbia/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: The hooded capuchin that occurs in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul belongs tothe species Sapajus cay. This robust species of capuchin monkey is characterized by its highly varied diet. Although it is welladapted to the natural environment, the survival of this species has come under increasing threat. In fact, several animals havebeen rescued and taken into veterinary medical care, where its correct capture and restraint minimize the occurrence of adverseeffects to the animal and to veterinary anesthesiologists. This paper reports on the emergency care of a hooded capuchin (S.cay) rescued by the Environmental Police of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and sent to veterinary medical care.Case: An adult female hooded capuchin, weighing 1.6 kg, was subjected to veterinary care to treat trauma probably causedby being run over. The animal exhibited intense prostration, 10% dehydration, pale and slightly jaundiced oral and ocularmucous membranes, impaired consciousness, cachexia, muscle weakness, sarcopenia, a probable fracture in the proximalportion of the left tibia and a laceration and possible fracture of the right metatarsus. The patient was stabilized by subjectingher to fluid therapy with Ringers lactate solution supplemented with glucose and vitamins. The animal was anesthetizedwith an intramuscular injection of 11 mg/kg ketamine and 0.6 mg/kg midazolam, and blood count, serum biochemistryand electrocardiography were performed. Blood tests revealed hypochromic microcytic anemia, liver disease and a slightincrease in urea to 56 mg/dL (reference: 14.4-48.9 mg/dL). The electrocardiogram revealed the following: HR: 260b.p.m; P axis: -115.36º; QRS axis: 50.17º; T duration: 36 ms; R amplitude: 0.68 mV; P amplitude: 0.17 mV; P duration:...
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Feminino , Animais , Adulto , Anestesia/veterinária , Eletrocardiografia/veterinária , Primatas , Testes Hematológicos/veterinária , Fraturas da Tíbia/veterináriaRESUMO
The arthropod-borne flaviviruses are important human pathogens, and a deeper understanding of the virus-host cell interaction is required to identify cellular targets that can be used as therapeutic candidates. It is well reported that the flaviviruses hijack several cellular functions, such as exosome-mediated cell communication during infection, which is modulated by the delivery of the exosomal cargo of pro- or antiviral molecules to the receiving host cells. Therefore, to study the role of exosomes during flavivirus infections is essential, not only to understand its relevance in virus-host interaction, but also to identify molecular factors that may contribute to the development of new strategies to block these viral infections. This review explores the implications of exosomes in flavivirus dissemination and transmission from the vector to human host cells, as well as their involvement in the host immune response. The hypothesis about exosomes as a transplacental infection route of ZIKV and the paradox effect or the dual role of exosomes released during flavivirus infection are also discussed here. Although several studies have been performed in order to identify and characterize cellular and viral molecules released in exosomes, it is not clear how all of these components participate in viral pathogenesis. Further studies will determine the balance between protective and harmful exosomes secreted by flavivirus infected cells, the characteristics and components that distinguish them both, and how they could be a factor that determines the infection outcome.
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Comunicação Celular , Exossomos/metabolismo , Infecções por Flavivirus/metabolismo , Flavivirus/metabolismo , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno , Animais , Vetores Aracnídeos/virologia , Dengue/metabolismo , Vesículas Extracelulares/metabolismo , Vesículas Extracelulares/virologia , Infecções por Flavivirus/transmissão , Humanos , Mosquitos Vetores/virologia , Carrapatos/virologia , Infecção por Zika virus/metabolismoRESUMO
RESUMEN Objetivo: proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la etapa aguda del ataque cerebrovascular isquémico en EsSalud. Materiales y métodos: se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó médicos especialistas y metodólogos. El GEG formuló 8 preguntas clínicas a ser respondidas por la presente GPC. Se realizó búsquedas sistemáticas de revisiones sistemáticas y -cuando fue considerado pertinente- estudios primarios en Medline y Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials durante el 2018. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder cada una de las preguntas clínicas planteadas. La certeza de la evidencia fue evaluada usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones de trabajo periódicas, el GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y formular las recomendaciones, los puntos de buenas prácticas clínicas y el flujograma de diagnóstico y tratamiento. Finalmente, la GPC fue aprobada con Resolución N° 128-IETSI-ESSALUD-2019. Resultados: la presente GPC abordó 8 preguntas clínicas, divididas en cuatro temas: tamizaje, diagnóstico, tratamiento, soporte y rehabilitación. En base a estas preguntas se formularon 28 recomendaciones (8 fuertes y 20 condicionales), 38 puntos de buena práctica clínica, 1 nota de implementación y 2 flujogramas. Conclusión: el presente artículo resume la metodología y las conclusiones basadas en evidencias de la GPC para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la etapa aguda del ataque cerebrovascular isquémico en EsSalud.
ABSTRACT Objective: to provide evidence based clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and therapy of the acute stage of ischemic cerebrovascular accident in EsSalud. Materials and methods : a group for producing the guideline was conveyed, including specialized physicians and methodologists. The group prepared 8 clinical questions to be answered by the guideline. Systematic searches of previous reviews were performed, and - when it was deemed necessary - primary studies in Medline and the Cochrane Controlled Registry of Trials for 2018 were reviewed. Evidence was selected aiming to respond each one of the proposed clinical questions. Certainty of the evidence was determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In periodic work sessions, the group used GRADE methodology for reviewing the evidence and generated recommendations, good clinical practice items, and designed flow charts for both diagnosis and therapy. Finally, the guide was approved with the decree N° 128-IETSI-ESSALUD-2019. Results : this clinical practice guideline focused in 8 clinical questions, which were divided into four topics: screening, diagnosis, therapy, support and rehabilitation. On the basis of these questions, 28 recommendations were formulated (8 strong and 20 conditional), 38 items for good clinical practice, 1 implementation note, and 2 flow charts. Conclusion : this paper summarizes both evidence based methodology and conclusions from a new clinical practice guide for diagnosis and therapy of the acute stage of a cerebrovascular accident in EsSalud.
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Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre identidad profesional, identidad estudiantil universitaria, autoeficacia académica, autoeficacia profesional, créditos cursados y dificultad percibida ante la carrera, en estudiantes de psicología tradicionales y no tradicionales. Se utilizó un diseño transversal y un muestreo no probabilístico de 136 estudiantes de psicología de una universidad pública del norte chileno. Se aplicaron cuatro escalas y una encuesta sociodemográfica. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, análisis de correlación de Pearson, análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y análisis de senderos. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la autoeficacia académica y profesional de estudiantes tradicionales y no tradicionales, y un modelo que predice la identidad profesional a partir de las variables identidad estudiantil universitaria, autoeficacia académica, autoeficacia profesional, créditos cursados y dificultad percibida ante la carrera (R 2 = .24). Los resultados se discuten en función de la literatura existente.
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between professional identity, university student identity, academic self-efficacy, professional self-efficacy, credits taken and difficulty perceived in the career, in traditional and non-traditional psychology students. We used a cross-sectional design and a non-probabilistic sample of 136 psychology students from a public university in the north of Chile. Four scales and a sociodemographic survey were used. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and path analysis were performed. Results showed significant differences in the academic and professional self-efficacy grouped into traditional and non-traditional students and a model that predicts professional identity based on the variables of university student identity, academic self-efficacy, professional self-efficacy, credits taken and perceived difficulty in the career (R 2 = .24). Outcomes are discussed according to the existing literature.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Psicologia , Identificação Social , Previsões , ChileRESUMO
Esta historia presenta la obra ganadora del concurso de radio novelas, en ella se representa la vida de María Eduarda, una muchacha cuya vida se trunca por el VIH/SIDA
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El propósito del presente trabajo es conocer el desempeño escrito que tienen los niños con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL). Este estudio se basa en la Teoría Psicogenética que propone que el lenguaje escrito comienza a desarrollarse en etapas previas a su enseñanza formal. Se confeccionó una pauta que incluye una serie de tareas para elicitar la escritura y criterios que permiten analizarla. Se compararon las producciones escritas de niños con TEL expresivo con las realizadas por niños sin problemas de lenguaje. Los resultados indican que los niños con TEL expresivo presentan un desarrollo similar al del grupo control, pero más lento. Además, se observó que los niños con TEL que tenían dificultades en la fonología y en la morfosintaxis evidenciaban un desempeño inferior en la escritura que los menores que solo presentaban trastorno fonológico.