RESUMO
Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection offered by community health workers (CHWs) during home visits has been hampered by low levels of triage Pap among HPV-positive women. We investigated effectiveness of a mHealth intervention to increase adherence to triage Pap. Methods: We conducted a hybrid type I cluster randomised effectiveness-implementation trial in Jujuy, Argentina. CHWs (clusters) were eligible if actively offering HPV self-collection and served at least 26 women aged 30 years and over. Women were eligible if they conducted self-collection and provided a mobile phone number. 260 CHWs were randomly allocated (3:2 ratio) to a multi-component intervention (Up to four SMS messages sent to HPV-positive women, and one SMS message to CHWs to prompt a visit of women with no triage Pap 60 days after a positive-test), or control group (Usual care: Women instructed to attend their health centre 30 days after HPV self-collection to pick-up results). The primary effectiveness outcome was percentage of HPV-positive women with triage 120 days after the HPV-test result. We evaluated implementation of the intervention using the RE-AIM framework. Findings: 221 CHWs (132 intervention, 89 control group) contacted 5389 women; and 5351 agreed to participate (3241 intervention, 2110 control group). In total 314/445 (70·5%) HPV-positive women of the intervention group had triage at 120 days after the HPV result, compared to 163/292 (55·1%) in the control group: 15·5% point improvement; 95%CI: 6·8-24·1; relative risk: 1·28; 95%CI: 1·11-1·48. 97·2% of women accepted the intervention and 86·9% of CHWs agreed to its adoption. Interpretation: The multicomponent mHealth intervention was effective in increasing the percentage of HPV-positive women who had triage Pap, allowing for many more women at risk of cervical cancer to receive timely follow-up. Funding: National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (USA) under Award Number R01CA218306.
RESUMO
The SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 outbreak originated in China has reached Mexico. However, the scientific community, including nursing, has generated vertiginous evidence that can help make decisions in the care of the affected population. The purpose of this study is to describe the nursing experience before COVID-19 as a key point for the prevention, control and mitigation of the pandemic. Based on the recommendations issued by the Ministry of Health, the clinical evidence and the resources available in the health institutions, the disease prevention measures have been initiated and maintained both in the community and in the health institutions. The reconversion of hospitals and care protocols adapted to our context are trying to strengthen the control and mitigation of the disease.
El brote de SARS-CoV-2 o COVID-19 originado en China ha alcanzado a México; no obstante, la comunidad científica, entre ellas enfermería ha generado de forma vertiginosa evidencia que puede ayudar a tomar decisiones en la atención de la población afectada. El presente documento tiene la finalidad de describir la experiencia de enfermería ante el COVID-19 como un punto clave para la prevención, control y mitigación de la pandemia. Con base en las recomendaciones emitidas por la Secretaría de Salud, la evidencia clínica y los recursos disponibles en las instituciones de salud se ha iniciado y mantenido las medidas de prevención de la enfermedad tanto en la comunidad como en las instituciones de salud. La reconversión de los hospitales y los protocolos de atención adaptados a nuestro contexto están tratando de fortalecer el control y mitigación de la enfermedad.
Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus/enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Pneumonia Viral/enfermagem , COVID-19 , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Tomada de Decisões , Humanos , México/epidemiologia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/organização & administração , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controleRESUMO
We present a method that takes advantage of the Brownian motion of a colloidal particle to experimentally determine the area stretch modulus of giant liposomes in solution, in regard to the continuum mechanics theory of elasticity. The characteristic parameters of the corresponding model are measured by using the three-dimensional version of digital video microscopy. Such an approach makes use of the diffraction pattern generated by fluorescent spheres found below the focal plane of the microscope objective, allowing the spatial location of the sphere and, thus, the reconstruction of its trajectory. When this particle probe is localized in the neighborhood of a bilayer membrane, its motion causes an elastic distortion of the membrane that is quantifiable. More importantly, such deformation is related to the mentioned modulus, whose measured values are consistent with experimental data obtained through well-known techniques.
RESUMO
Resumen El brote de SARS-CoV-2 o COVID-19 originado en China ha alcanzado a México; no obstante, la comunidad científica, entre ellas enfermería ha generado de forma vertiginosa evidencia que puede ayudar a tomar decisiones en la atención de la población afectada. El presente documento tiene la finalidad de describir la experiencia de enfermería ante el COVID-19 como un punto clave para la prevención, control y mitigación de la pandemia. Con base en las recomendaciones emitidas por la Secretaría de Salud, la evidencia clínica y los recursos disponibles en las instituciones de salud se ha iniciado y mantenido las medidas de prevención de la enfermedad tanto en la comunidad como en las instituciones de salud. La reconversión de los hospitales y los protocolos de atención adaptados a nuestro contexto están tratando de fortalecer el control y mitigación de la enfermedad.
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 outbreak originated in China has reached Mexico. However, the scientific community, including nursing, has generated vertiginous evidence that can help make decisions in the care of the affected population. The purpose of this study is to describe the nursing experience before COVID-19 as a key point for the prevention, control and mitigation of the pandemic. Based on the recommendations issued by the Ministry of Health, the clinical evidence and the resources available in the health institutions, the disease prevention measures have been initiated and maintained both in the community and in the health institutions. The reconversion of hospitals and care protocols adapted to our context are trying to strengthen the control and mitigation of the disease.
Assuntos
Humanos , Pneumonia Viral/enfermagem , Infecções por Coronavirus/enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Tomada de Decisões , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , COVID-19 , México/epidemiologia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
We present a method to describe the formation of small lipid vesicles in terms of three bending elastic constants that can be experimentally measured. Our method combines a general expression of the elastic free energy of the bilayer and the thermodynamic description of molecular aggregation. The resulting model requires the size distribution of liposomes, which is determined from the X-ray scattered intensity spectra of vesicular dispersions. By using two different preparation methods, we studied a series of vesicular solutions made of distinct lipids and we obtained their corresponding bending elastic constants that are consistent with known bending rigidities.
Assuntos
Bicamadas Lipídicas/química , Dimiristoilfosfatidilcolina/química , Elasticidade , Lipossomos/química , Método de Monte Carlo , Fosfatidilcolinas/química , Espalhamento a Baixo Ângulo , Termodinâmica , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de la endoscopia digestiva diagnóstica y terapéutica en el periodo neonatal. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión electrónica en bases de datos MEDLINE y PubMed entre los años 1984-2009 con las siguientes palabras bronchoscopy, endoscopy neonatal. Se incluyeron artículos de revisión bibliográfica y descripción de series de casos. Para el análisis de la información se describen los diferentes artículos. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 850 artículos de endoscopia pediátrica, de los cuales sólo 20 fueron elegidos y revisados para el reporte de resultados de los recién nacidos. Las variables estudiadas fueron indicación, contraindicaciónes, hallazgos y manejo terapéutico. Conclusión: La endoscopia es una herramienta segura y efectiva para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las diversas entidades patológicas del recién nacido, siempre y cuando se realice por un equipo multidisciplinario.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy in pediatric age, with emphasis on neonatal period. Material and methods: We performed an electronic review of internet databases MEDLINE and PUBMED, from 1984-2009. The search used the following keywords bronchoscopy, endoscopy and neonatal. The types of study included were: literature review and description of series of cases. For the information analysis, the different articles were described. Results: Of the 850 articles found, only 20 were selected and reviewed. The variables studied were indication, contraindication, findings and therapeutic management. Conclusion: Bronchoscopy is a safe and effective tool for diagnosis and treatment of several pathologies of the new born, when it was carried out by a multidisciplinary team.
RESUMO
Los modelos y teorías de enfermería, así como el proceso deatención de enfermería (PAE) le han proporcionado a estaprofesión una identidad propia y un carácter científico, estableciendocomo único objeto de estudio: el cuidado de la saludde la persona, familia o comunidad. El número creciente de cirugíascardiovasculares que requieren esternotomía se ha vistosólo parcialmente limitado por sus complicaciones. De ellasla mediastinitis post-quirúrgica (MPQ) es una de las másgraves por su alta tasa de morbimortalidad y por que su tratamientodemanda habitualmente de procedimientos quirúrgicosadicionales, además de costosas terapias antimicrobianasy tiempos prolongados de hospitalización, lo que causa un impactosevero en la esfera biopsicosocial de los pacientes y susfamiliares.
Models and Theories of Nursing and the Nursing Care Process(PCN) have provided the identity and profession ascientific character, setting as the sole object of study healthcare of the person, family or community. he increasing numberof cardiovascular surgery requiring sternotomy has beenonly partially limited by its complications. Of these post-surgicalmediastinitis (MPQ) is one of the most serious becauseof its high rate of morbidity and mortality. Its treatmentusually demands additional surgical procedures in additionto costly and prolonged antimicrobial therapy in hospitalwhich causes a severe impact on the biopsychosocial field ofpatients and their families.
Assuntos
Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/enfermagem , Relatos de Casos , Mediastinite/cirurgia , Mediastinite/enfermagemRESUMO
Se efectúa el análisis de tratamiento de 30 pacientes que presentaban caspa y dermatitis seborreica. Dieciséis de ellos fueron tratados durante 4 semanas con champú que contiene ketoconazol al 2% y el grupo control (14 pacientes) recibió champú sin ketoconazol. El estudio se efectuó a doble-ciego. Los pacientes que recibieron champú con ketoconazol al 2% demostraron mejoría clínica más rápida, y desaparición total de Pityrosporum ovale en las lesiones, a las 4 semanas de tratamiento. Los pacientes que recibieron placebo no sólo no mejoraron clínicamente sino que en un 64,2% demostraron la permanencia de Pityrosporum ovale en las lesiones. Se destacan las condiciones terapéuticas y cosméticas del champú que contiene ketoconazol al 2%.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Feminino , Dermatite Seborreica/terapia , Cetoconazol/uso terapêutico , Dermatomicoses/terapiaRESUMO
Se efectúa el análisis de tratamiento de 30 pacientes que presentaban caspa y dermatitis seborreica. Dieciséis de ellos fueron tratados durante 4 semanas con champú que contiene ketoconazol al 2% y el grupo control (14 pacientes) recibió champú sin ketoconazol. El estudio se efectuó a doble-ciego. Los pacientes que recibieron champú con ketoconazol al 2% demostraron mejoría clínica más rápida, y desaparición total de Pityrosporum ovale en las lesiones, a las 4 semanas de tratamiento. Los pacientes que recibieron placebo no sólo no mejoraron clínicamente sino que en un 64,2% demostraron la permanencia de Pityrosporum ovale en las lesiones. Se destacan las condiciones terapéuticas y cosméticas del champú que contiene ketoconazol al 2%. (AU)