RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Even though mental disorders represent a major public health problem for women and respective children, there remains a lack of epidemiological longitudinal studies to assess the psychological status of women throughout pregnancy and later in life. This epidemiological cohort study assessed the relationship between mental disorders of 409 Brazilian women in pregnancy and 5-8 years after delivery. METHODS: The women were followed from 1997 to 2000 at 17 health services, and subsequently from 2004 to 2006 at their homes. Mental disorders were investigated by the Perceived Stress Scale-PSS, General Health Questionnaire-GHQ and State-Trait Anxiety Inventories-STAI. The relationship between scores of the PSS, GHQ and STAI 5-8 years after delivery and in pregnancy was assessed by multivariate linear regression analysis, controlling for the following confounders: maternal age, education, per capita income, family size, work, marital status and body mass index. RESULTS: Scores of the PSS, GHQ and STAI 5-8 years after delivery were positively associated with scores of the PSS, GHQ and STAI in the three trimesters of pregnancy, and inversely associated with maternal age and per capita income (adj. R2 varied from 0.15 to 0.37). PSS, GHQ and STAI scores in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy were positively associated with scores of the PSS, GHQ and STAI in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy (adj. R2 varied from 0.31 to 0.65). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study reinforce the urgency to integrate mental health screening into routine primary care for pregnant and postpartum women.
RESUMO
A 68 year-old white male patient with previous diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema was submitted to acupuncture. The needles were inserted into the precordial area and the patient immediately complained of worsening dyspnea. Four days later pneumothorax was detected by chest X-rays. A thoracic tube was inserted with total lung expansion.
Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura/efeitos adversos , Pneumotórax/etiologia , Enfisema Pulmonar/terapia , Idoso , Contraindicações , Humanos , Doença Iatrogênica , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare bronchodilation attained by fenoterol administered through a jet nebulizer and through a spacer device. TYPE OF STUDY: Open, randomized. PATIENTS: 44 adults with asthma, peak-flow rate varying between 120 and 200 l/min. Patients were divided into two groups. TREATMENT [corrected]: Group A was treated with fenoterol (2.5 mg) with saline to complete 3 ml given through a jet nebulizer; 30 minutes later, an additional dose (1 mg) was given through a 500 ml spacer. Group B was treated with the same dosage, but the spacer [corrected] was used first. EVALUATION: Peak-flow meter in zero, 30 and 60 minutes. RESULTS: No significant difference in bronchodilation was seen between groups A and B. CONCLUSION: Fenoterol through a spacer can replace inhalation in adult asthma patients with non-severe obstruction. Lower cost and home treatment are the main advantages.