Assuntos

Indígenas Norte-Americanos/história , Deformidades Congênitas dos Membros , Medicina nas Artes , Próteses e Implantes/história , História do Século XV , História do Século XVI , História do Século XVII , História Antiga , História Medieval , Humanos , México

RESUMO

Amputation has been practiced at least since 43,000 B.C.E. for ritualistic, punitive, curative, or vocational reasons. Fitting with prostheses has been done since at least 1,500 B.C.E. Anesthetics were used, but which ones is not known. Analgesics such as salicylates in plants, narcotics such as cocaine and opium, and soporifics such as alcohol and peyote were common. Amputation was done with knives, axes, and saws. Control of bleeding was by ligature, cautery, bandaging pressure, and plant and animal products. Suture was with cotton or human hair, acacia and other thorns, ant jaws, and sinew, with or without a drain. Prostheses were made of fiber, wood, bone, and metals, often lined with rags.

Assuntos

Amputação Cirúrgica/história , Membros Artificiais/história , Amputação Cirúrgica/instrumentação , Amputação Cirúrgica/métodos , Anestesia/história , Braço , História Antiga , Humanos , Perna (Membro) , Medicina nas Artes , Peru

Assuntos

Amputação Cirúrgica/história , Medicina nas Artes , Cotos de Amputação , Cerâmica , Muletas , Ectromelia/história , História Antiga , História Medieval , Humanos , Indígenas Norte-Americanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , México , América do Norte , Peru , Próteses e Implantes/história , América do Sul