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Background: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a crucial factor in predicting responses to immunotherapy. This systematic review and meta-analysis focuses on the prevalence of PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features among Hispanic/Latino (H/L) populations. Methods: Embase, LILACS, Medline, and Virtual Health Library were searched for studies that evaluated the prevalence of PD-L1 in H/L patients. The protocol was submitted to PROSPERO with ID CRD42023488547. We employed the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses to assess the methodological quality and applicability of the included studies. Meta-analyses were done to determine the prevalence using a random effects model. Results: The meta-analysis, encompassing 21 articles with 16,486, revealed that 80.2% of patients had PD-L1 expression data available (n=13,222). The prevalence calculated of PD-L1 expression in Latino NSCLC patients was 55% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54-0.55], with 31% (95% CI: 0.27-0.36) showing a tumoral proportion score (TPS) of 1-49%, and 23% (95% CI: 0.16-0.30) registering a TPS ≥50%. Higher expression was observed in male gender, smoking, adenocarcinoma subtypes, poor tumor differentiation, and advanced stages. PD-L1 expression was most frequent in EGFR wild-type status (82.5%) with a odds ratio (OR) 1.54 (95% CI: 1.24-1.92) and PD-L1 expression was associated with ALK positive (OR =1.54; 95% CI: 1.24-1.92). Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of PD-L1 expression in NSCLC in the H/L population. The findings underscore the significant prevalence of PD-L1 expression and emphasize the relevance of immunotherapy in this population. Understanding the clinicopathological features associated with PD-L1 expression can contribute to tailored treatment strategies for NSCLC in Latin America.

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Global change is predicted to induce shifts in anuran acoustic behavior, which can be studied through passive acoustic monitoring (PAM). Understanding changes in calling behavior requires automatic identification of anuran species, which is challenging due to the particular characteristics of neotropical soundscapes. In this paper, we introduce a large-scale multi-species dataset of anuran amphibians calls recorded by PAM, that comprises 27 hours of expert annotations for 42 different species from two Brazilian biomes. We provide open access to the dataset, including the raw recordings, experimental setup code, and a benchmark with a baseline model of the fine-grained categorization problem. Additionally, we highlight the challenges of the dataset to encourage machine learning researchers to solve the problem of anuran call identification towards conservation policy. All our experiments and resources have been made available at https://soundclim.github.io/anuraweb/ .

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Anurans of the family Centrolenidae are a highly diverse clade of Neotropical treefrogs. In the last two decades, glassfrogs have become a model system for studies in ecology and evolutionary biology, in part because their taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships are considered relatively well established. However, there are still many gaps in our knowledge, for example, which morphological characters are important for species delimitation. Consequently, several species complexes in Centrolenidae remain unresolved. Using data on external and internal morphology of adult individuals, tadpoles, advertisement call traits and genetic sequences, we describe a new species of glassfrog (Nymphargus pijao sp. nov.) endemic to Colombia that has been previously missasigned to Nymphargus griffithsi. We include in this description data of three phenotypic characters related to pectoral musculature and testis size, which have been traditionally overlooked in studies about the taxonomy and systematics of glassfrogs. In addition, we present details of a low-cost method implemented in the field to rear tadpoles of the new species. This methodology can solve common problems during the management and care of glassfrogs egg masses and tadpoles, and hence, promotes their description for more species and a better knowledge of the anuran biodiversity in Neotropics.

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OBJECTIVES: Trinidad and Tobago is the only English- speaking Caribbean country with an established kidney transplant program from living and deceased donors. The program is managed by the National OrganTransplant Unit.This study analyzed the 15-year experience of the public program in terms of transplant outcomes and procurement quality at the main deceased donor procurement hospital using some DOPKI and ODEQUS quality indicators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected data from 2006 through 2020 from the National OrganTransplantUnit database, surveyedhospital staffonorgandonationand transplant after face-to-face education activities on these subjects, and provided an online survey to religious leaders.DOPKI and ODEQUS quality indicators from 1 procurement center were also recorded. RESULTS: During the data collection period, 195 transplants were achieved, with 23.6% from deceased donors. Deceased donation and deceased donor kidney transplant rates ranged from 0.71 to 3.6 and from 0.71 to 7.1 per million population, respectively. Since 2011, deceased donor registry and actual deceased donors increased 6-fold and 14-fold, respectively, while living donor transplants doubled and deceased donor transplants increased 15-fold. Quality parameters revealed major gaps in deceased donor critical pathway, with limited transplant budget, absence of hospital budget for deceased donor organ retrieval processes, important deficiencies in deceased donor registry and waiting lists, refusal of expanded criteria donors, and missed donation opportunities from poor HLA reagent supply chain management. Religious leaders and health care workers showed supportive positive attitudes toward organ donation and transplant. CONCLUSIONS: The public organ donation and transplant program of Trinidad and Tobago has performed reasonably well over a 15-year period. Enhancing quality performance and donation effectiveness requires rebalancing and improving resource allocation from renal dialysis to kidney transplant, funding deceased organ procurement, and facilitating education of religious leaders and health care professionals for end-of-life care and change of community values in organ transplant decisions.

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ABSTRACT The findings and recommendations of the 2019 consensus conference in organ donation, held in Kunming, China, are here reported. The main objective of the conference was to gather relevant information from experts involved in the field. The data and opinions provided allowed to propose a series of recommendations for "One Belt & One Road Countries" on how to achieve self-sufficiency in organ donation. Leadership in organ donation should be results-oriented and goal-driven based on the principles of excellence, empowerment, and engagement, providing the means, resources, and strategies necessary to reach the goal in earnest. Management includes good governance and transparency of a national registry of patients in the waiting list, donors, transplants, transplant teams, quality, and safety programs with continuous educational training of health care professionals. Mandatory monitoring, auditing and evaluation of quality must be incorporated into donation practices as relevant points in innovation, as well as the adoption of already established and novel processes and technologies. Achievement of self-sufficiency in organ donation is a crucial step to fight against transplant tourism and to prevent organ trafficking. Based on recommendations arising from the conference, each country could review and develop individualized action plans adjusted to its own circumstances and reality.

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Antecedentes. El desarrollo motor en niños prematuros es reconocido como un desarrollo lento y con diferente calidad de movimiento (1); por tal motivo, se hace necesario que en la valoración de las habilidades motoras de esta población se utilicen herramientas sensibles a la detección de sus características motrices. Objetivo. Identificar la diferencia entre la edad corregida versus edad motora en los infantes pertenecientes al Programa Madre Canguro del Hospital de Suba, de la ciudad de Bogotá, durante el segundo periodo del 2013. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo correlacional con una muestra n=15 infantes prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer, valorados a través de la Escala Motora del Infante de Alberta (EMIA). Se realizaron correlaciones entre variables, como edad cronológica en meses, edad corregida, semanas de gestación y peso. Resultados. Se encontró relación entre la edad cronológica del infante, la edad corregida y el peso (p<0,05); a medida que cualquiera de estas variables incrementa, la edad motora también lo hace. Se encontró 1,5 meses de diferencia entre la edad corregida y la edad motora (p<0,05). Conclusiones. La edad motora y la edad corregida de los infantes pertenecientes al Programa Madre Canguro del Hospital de Suba presenta diferencias significativas, ratificándose que las intervenciones desde fisioterapia necesitan ser constantes y tempranas.

Background. Motor development in premature infants is recognised as being slow and involves a different quality of movement. Tools which are sensitive in detecting motor development-related characteristics should thus be used in assessing this population's motor skills. Objective. Identifying the difference between corrected age and motor development age in a group of infants involved in the Suba Hospital's Kangaroo Mother programme during the second half of 2013. Materials and methods. This was a descriptive correlational study; sample n=15 premature infants and/or low birth weight children measured by the Alberta infant motor scale. Correlations were made with variables such as chronological age (in months), corrected age, weeks of gestation, height and weight. Results. The relationship between infants' chronological age, corrected age and weight was found (p<0.05); if any variable increased then motor age increased. There was 1.5 months difference between chronological age and motor development corrected age (p<0.05). Conclusions. The motor development age and corrected age of infants involved in Suba Hospital's Kangaroo Plan had significant differences, ratifying the idea that, when needed, physiotherapy must be constant and provided early on.