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Este estudo se propôs a explorar as práticas de articulação de rede desenvolvidas pelos profissionais atuantes em dois pontos da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial do Distrito Federal: os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas e as Unidades Básicas de Saúde, abrangendo as sete regiões de saúde existentes, evidenciando as estratégias utilizadas, bem como as dificuldades e os desafios que atravessam sua implementação à luz do modelo de Atenção Psicossocial (AP). Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa e enfoque exploratório com 36 participantes entrevistados; utilizou-se a triangulação intramétodo e adotou-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Identificaram-se a falta de infraestrutura e de insumos para tecer as práticas de matriciamento, reuniões com a rede e encaminhamentos de forma satisfatória, conforme a perspectiva dos participantes. Contudo, surgiram estratégias interventivas e de promoção de saúde para o fortalecimento da AP.(AU)

La propuesta de este estudio es explorar las prácticas de articulación de red desarrolladas por los profesionales actuantes en dos puntos de la Red de Atención Psicosocial del Distrito Federal: los Centros de Atención Psicosocial Alcohol y otras Drogas y las Unidades Básicas de Salud, incluyendo las siete regiones de salud existentes, poniendo en evidencia las estrategias utilizadas, así como las dificultades y los retos presentes en su implementación a la luz del modelo de Atención Psicosocial (AP). Se trata de una encuesta con abordaje cualitativo y enfoque exploratorio con 36 participantes entrevistados; se utilizó la triangulación intramétodo y se adoptó el análisis de contenido de Bardin. Se identificó la falta de infraestructura y de insumos para tejer las prácticas de apoyo matricial, reuniones con la red y derivaciones de forma satisfactoria, conforme la perspectiva de los participantes; no obstante, surgieron estrategias de intervención y de promoción de la salud para el fortalecimiento de la AP.(AU)

This study aimed to explore the network articulation practices developed by professionals working in two points of the Psychosocial Care Network in the Federal District: The Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Other Drugs and the Basic Health Units, covering seven existing health regions, highlighting the strategies used, as well as the difficulties and challenges that cross its effective implementation following the Psychosocial Care model. This research uses a qualitative and exploratory approach, using intra-method triangulation with 36 participants and adopting Bardin's content analysis. A lack of infrastructure and inputs was identified to build the matrix support practices, meetings with the network, and referrals satisfactorily according to the participant's perspective. However, intervention and health promotion strategies emerged to strengthen Psychosocial Care.(AU)

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to analyse the relationship and psychosocial issues between working during the COVID-19 pandemic in primary healthcare (PHC) facilities located in the most vulnerable health region (HR) of the Federal District of Brazil (FDB) compared with a lesser region. DESIGN: Mixed-method study data. The questionnaire was based on the World Health Survey and the Convid Behavioural Survey. Quantitative data were described in absolute and relative frequency. Pearson's χ2 test verified differences according to the region (significance level <5%). A margin of error of 8% with 95% CI defined the sample. The content analysis (by Bardin) analysed the qualitative data. SETTING: A representative sample of PHC professionals working at the Western HR and Central HR of the FDB. PARTICIPANTS: 111 women and 27 male PHC professionals, aged ≥ 18 years. OUTCOME MEASURES: Psychosocial variables-personal emotions towards the clients, social relationships and use of psychoactive substances (PAS). INTERVENTION: An online questionnaire (27 questions) and 1 open-ended question. RESULTS: The sample comprised 138 PHC professionals; 80.40% were female aged between 40 and 49 years old (27.3%); declared themselves as black/pardo (58.7%); were married (53.60%), and worked in family healthcare teams (47.80%). No association between working in the most vulnerable HR compared with the least one and presenting psychosocial issues, except for anger towards clients (p=0.043). 55.10% worked much more than usual, 60.80% reported being depressed, 78.20% anxious, 76.80% stressed, 77.50% had no empathy and 78.30% felt isolated from family/friends. Towards the clients, 59.40% reported empathy and 72.5% no affection/care. The consume of psychotropic medications was reported by 34.80%, and 14.50% increased alcohol/PAS use. Qualitative data leverage quantitative findings: work overload, the indifference of the Federal Government and distance from family/friends. CONCLUSION: Working in the most vulnerable region and in the least one affects the psychosocial aspects of the PHC professionals equally.

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Abstract Introduction Improvements in the social functioning (SF) of people experiencing substance use disorders (SUD) can occur even without use discontinuation. Occupational Therapy (OT) performs multifaceted work on it. Objective This study analyzes the SF of people experiencing SUD before and after treatment and the contributions of OT. Method A pre and post-study before and after starting treatment for SUD in a Psychosocial Care Centre - Alcohol and other Drugs (CAPS-AD) in Brasilia, Brazil - was conducted with 35 clients based on an SF questionnaire. A measure of the participant's SF improvement was defined as the difference between the SF before treatment (SFpre) with the SF after treatment (SFafter). The association between SF and sociodemographic variables/drug/previous treatment was verified by linear regression; all analyses considered a significance level <5%. Results Most of the 35 participants were male (83%), 30-49 years old (77%), attended elementary school (57%), unemployed (57%), single (46%), Black (40%), had been treated previously (60%) and had present alcohol use disorder (46%). Overall, people undergoing treatment significantly improved their SF. Multivariate analysis showed that Whites improved their SF more (mean of 18.8± 10.4) than Pardos/Blacks (10.8± 8.7; 14.1± 6.4), and the improvement in SF was lower for participants who were taking treatment for the first time (10.3± 5.7) compared with those who had previous treatment (17.2± 9.4). Conclusion Treatment in CAPS-AD improved the SF of people experiencing SUD, and the OT professional is a key agent in improving SF due to its performance and approach to clients in vulnerable contexts.

Resumo Introdução Melhorias no funcionamento social (FS) de pessoas com transtornos pelo uso de substâncias (TUS) podem ocorrer mesmo sem descontinuar o uso. A terapia ocupacional realiza um trabalho multifacetado sobre isso. Objetivo Este estudo analisa o funcionamento social das pessoas com transtornos pelo uso de substâncias antes e depois do tratamento e contribuições da terapia ocupacional. Método Um pré e pós-estudo - antes e depois do tratamento para TUS em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial álcool/drogas (CAPS-AD) em Brasília, Brasil - foi realizado com 35 clientes com um questionário sobre FS. A melhora do FS foi definida como a diferença entre o valor do FS antes (FSpre) e depois do tratamento (FSafter). A associação entre o FS e as variáveis sociodemográficas/drogas/tratamento anterior foi verificada por regressão linear; foi considerado um nível de significância <5%. Resultados A maioria era homens (83%), 30-49 anos de idade (77%), com ensino fundamental (57%), desempregados (57%), solteiros (46%), negros (40%), com tratamento anterior (60%), e apresentavam TU de álcool (46%). Em geral, as pessoas submetidas a tratamento melhoraram significativamente seu FS. A análise multivariada mostrou que os brancos melhoraram mais seu FS (média de 18.8± 10.4) que os Pardos/Negros (10.8± 8.7; 14.1± 6.4), e foi menor entre os que estavam fazendo tratamento pela primeira vez (10.3± 5.7) em comparação com os que o fizeram anteriormente (17.2± 9.4). Conclusão O tratamento no CAPS-AD melhorou o FS das pessoas com TUS, o profissional terapeuta ocupacional é um agente chave para melhorar o FS devido a sua atuação e abordagem em contextos vulneráveis.

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Descrever e analisar percepções e atitudes de professores quanto ao uso de álcool/drogas (AD) por estudantes do Ensino Médio de escolas públicas de Águas Lindas-GO/Brasil. Estudo misto realizado em 11 escolas, com 91 professores, por meio de questionário sociodemográfico, entrevista semiestruturada sobre a percepção em relação ao uso de AD por estudantes, e questões sobre o julgamento daqueles que fazem uso. A maioria (57%) era do sexo masculino, idade média 37,2 anos; acredita que alunos que fazem uso de AD são moralmente fracos (51%), um perigo para a sociedade (47%) e podem cometer delitos na própria família (98%); em contrapartida os consideram tão importantes quanto qualquer outra pessoa (98%). Afirmam que não se sentem capacitados para abordar o tema AD, tampouco para lidar com alunos que usam. O estudo revela e reforça que a educação em saúde deveria compor a formação dos professores para uma abordagem preventiva e de acolhimento.

Describir y analizar percepciones y actitudes de profesores relacionadas el uso de alcohol/drogas (AD) por estudiantes de la enseñanza secundaria de escuelas públicas de Aguas Lindas-GO/Brasil. Estudio mixto realizado en 11 escuelas, con 91 profesores, por intermedio de cuestionario sociodemográfico, entrevista semiestructurada sobre la percepción con relación al uso de AD por estudiantes, y cuestiones sobre el juzgamiento de aquellos que hacen uso. La mayoría (el 57%) era del sexo masculino, edad media 37,2 años; cree que alumnos que hacen uso de AD son moralmente débiles (el 51%), un peligro para la sociedad (el 47%) y pueden cometer delitos en la propia familia (el 98%); en contrapartida los consideran tan importantes cuanto cualquier otra persona (el 98%). Afirman que no se sienten capacitados para abordar el tema AD, tampoco para lidiar con alumnos que usan. El estudio revela y refuerza que la educación en salud debería componer la formación de los profesores para un abordaje preventiva e de acogimiento.

In order to describe and analyze teachers' perceptions and attitudes regarding the use of alcohol/drugs (AD) by High School students from public schools in Águas Lindas-GO/Brazil, this mixed study was carried out in 11 schools, with 91 teachers, using a sociodemographic questionnaire, a semi-structured interview about the perception of AD use by students, and questions about the judgment of those who use it. Most (57%) were male, average age 37.2 years; most participants believed that students who use AD are morally weak (51%), a danger to society (47%), and may commit crimes in their own families (98%); on the other hand, they consider them as important as anyone else (98%). They claim that they do not feel qualified to address the DA theme, nor to deal with students who use it. The study reveals and reinforces that health education should form part of teacher training for a preventive and welcoming approach.

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The primary practice adopted to reduce Covid-19 contamination is social distancing (SD). SD had significant consequences on alcohol/drug use, quality of life, and psychosocial aspects. In the university community specifically, SD produces a collective traumatic event with changes in the work routine by the suspension of presence. This study aims to identify and analyze the associations of increased alcohol and marijuana consumption on the quality of life and psychosocial aspects of the university community (students, professors, and technical and administrative staff) at a Brazilian public university during SD due to Covid-19 pandemic. This descriptive and cross-sectional study used an online questionnaire to obtain information from 2790 university community participants. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22. The analysis included descriptive associations performed using Spearman's correlation coefficient and p < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The participants' majority was 62% female, 95.4% students, 73% were 17-25 years old, 33.4% had income between 1 and 3 minimum wage, and 48% of the university community "totally adhered to SD." The increased alcohol consumption during SD was associated with a worsening in quality of life (p = 0.001), health satisfaction (p = 0.015), the meaning of life (p = 0.040), ability to concentrate (p = 0.001), satisfaction with yourself (p = 0.029), and frequency of negative feelings (p = 0.001); in contrast, increased alcohol use improved satisfaction with peer support (p = 0.042), as well as increased marijuana use improved satisfaction with sex life (p < 0.001). The increased alcohol use was higher in women (30.5%) than in men (26.7%) and was negatively associated with more quality of life and psychosocial aspects among women than men. Students were the segment that presented the highest frequency of associations with increased alcohol and/or marijuana use in the three domains analyzed. This study innovated by associating increased alcohol and/or marijuana use with worsening quality of life and psychosocial aspects rather than evaluating them apart. Future studies must identify whether this association between increased alcohol use, mainly, and the worsening quality of life and psychosocial aspects during the SD period is maintained or improved with the return to face-to-face activities at the university, with particular attention to women and students. Psychologists and other mental health professionals should be called upon to develop interventions to meet emerging mental health needs.

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Background: Postprandial glycemic excursions are associated with impairment control of diabetes mellitus. Long-term consumption of flaxseed can lower blood glucose levels; however, its effects on the postprandial glycemic response remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of raw flaxseed consumption on the 2 h postprandial glycemic curve in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This was a randomized crossover clinical trial. Nineteen men with T2DM were randomly assigned a standardized breakfast without (control) or with a previous intake of 15 g of ground raw golden flaxseed (flax). Glycemia was measured at fasting and postprandial at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Palatability markers (visual appeal, smell, and pleasantness of taste) and taste intensity (sweetness, saltiness, bitterness, sourness, and creaminess) were evaluated. Results: The peak glucose rise and the 2 h AUC glycemic response reduced in the flax group by 17% (p = 0.001) and 24% (p < 0.001), respectively. The glucose peak time, palatability, and taste parameters did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions: Ingestion of 15 g of ground raw golden flaxseed before breakfast decreases the 2 h postprandial glycemic response in men with T2DM.

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BACKGROUND: Psychoactive substances (PASs) are an important risk factor for suicide. This study investigated the sociodemographic characteristics, data related to the suicidal behavior, the methods employed, the circumstances of the events, and the use of PASs before dying in all suicides that occurred between 2005-2014 in the Brazilian Federal District, comparing cases with positive and negative detection for PASs in the post-mortem analysis to identify groups at greatest risk. METHODS: A population-based, observational, cross-sectional study with an analytical aspect was conducted with suicides cases collected from local police, which toxicological examination was performed (headspace gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry-HS-GC/MS) for detection of ethanol and methanol in blood samples; immunoassay for other substances (cocaine, marijuana, benzodiazepine). RESULTS: The results showed that the increase in the suicide rate was 10 × greater than the population growth, and 44% of the individuals used PASs before suicide. Individuals are more likely to die by suicide at home, be male, have tried before, and change their behavior days before death; they choose to hang as the method and are influenced by alcohol. CONCLUSION: Identifying what sociodemographic characteristics are associated with a fatal suicide attempt among individuals who use PASs and those who do not use and those who have/do not have mental disorders and what methods are employed could be employed as a path to better interventions. Thus, prevention actions could be planned and directed to individuals with greater risk.

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Objetivo: Relatar a experiência das ações de cuidado on-line realizadas pelo Grupo de Trabalho Promoção e Prevenção à Saúde da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Síntese dos Dados: Trata-se de um relato de experiência das ações de promoção e prevenção da saúde mental para a comunidade acadêmica da UnB, no período de março a julho de 2020. Adotou-se a metodologia da sistematização de experiência utilizando registros das observações em diários de campo das ações de cuidado on-line: terapia comunitária, técnica de relaxamento, bate-papo literário e cartas solidárias. Assim, com base na empatia, solidariedade, cuidado e interatividade, as ações desenvolvidas envolveram vários atores sociais com experiências diversas, visando à cooperação em busca de soluções possíveis para promoção da saúde da comunidade acadêmica, em tempos de pandemia. Conclusão: A descoberta de espaços virtuais como potencialidades terapêuticas revelou ser um caminho possível para o fortalecimento das redes de cuidado, conexões e laços afetivos entre a comunidade acadêmica num momento de restrição social devido à COVID-19, apesar das inúmeras limitações impostas pelo uso da tecnologia.

Objective: To report the experience of online care actions carried out by the Health Promotion and Prevention Working Group of the University of Brasília (Universidade de Brasília ­ UnB) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data Synthesis: This is an experience report on mental health promotion and disease prevention actions developed for the academic community of UnB from March to July 2020. The methodology of systematization of experience was adopted using records of observations of online care actions in field journals: community therapy, relaxation technique, literary chat and solidarity letters. Thus, based on empathy, solidarity, care and interactivity, the actions developed involved several social actors with different experiences aiming at cooperation in search for possible solutions to promote the health of the academic community in times of pandemic. Conclusion: The discovery of virtual spaces as therapeutic potentialities proved to be a possible way to strengthen care networks, connections and affective bonds among the academic community at a time of social restriction due to COVID-19, despite the numerous limitations imposed by the use of the technology

Objetivo: Informar la experiencia de las acciones de cuidado en línea realizadas por el Grupo de Trabajo, Promoción y prevención a la Salud de la Universidad de Brasilia (UnB) en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Síntesis de los Datos: Se trata de un informe de experiencia de las acciones de promoción de la salud mental para la comunidad académica de la UnB, en el período de marzo a julio de 2020. Se adoptó la metodología de sistematización de experiencia utilizando registros de las observaciones en diarios de campo de las acciones de cuidado en línea: terapia comunitaria, técnica de relajamiento, charla literaria y cartas solidarias. Así, con base en la empatía, solidaridad, cuidado e interactividad, las acciones desarrolladas envolvieron varios actores sociales con diversas experiencias, buscando la cooperación para encontrar posibles soluciones para promoción de la salud de la comunidad académica, en tiempos de pandemia. Conclusión: El descubrimiento de espacios virtuales como potencialidades terapéuticas reveló ser un camino posible para el fortalecimiento de las redes de cuidado, conexiones y lazos afectivos entre la comunidad académica en un momento de restricción social debido a COVID-19, a pesar de las innúmeras limitaciones impuestas por el uso de la tecnología.

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Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar as práticas extramuros realizadas pelos profissionais que atuam nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas (CAPSad) do Distrito Federal (DF). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório e descritivo. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e questionário sociodemográfico e ocupacional com 48 profissionais que atuam nos sete CAPSad do DF. Adotou-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin e de forma complementar o software NVivo. Constatou-se que os profissionais realizaram práticas extramuros inovadoras e exitosas, como: "Loja de rua", "Jardim comunitário", "Clube de corrida", atividades esportivas, de geração de renda, participações políticas, de arte, lazer e cultura. No entanto, ainda são escassas as ações de cuidado extramuros de forma sistemática, sendo a maioria temporária. É imprescindível que trabalhadores sejam capacitados e tenham condições para atuar extramuros. (AU)

This article investigates the extramural practices developed by health professionals working in Alcohol and Drugs Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPSad) in the Federal District, Brazil. We conducted a qualitative exploratory descriptive study with data collected using semi-structured interviews and sociodemographic and occupational questionnaires administered to 48 professionals working in seven CAPSad located in the Federal District. We adopted the content analysis method proposed by Bardin and NVivo. The findings show that the professionals developed innovative and successful extramural practices, including: "street shops", "community gardens", "running clubs", sports, income generating activities, and political participation through art, leisure and culture. However, systematic extramural care actions remain scarce and tend to be temporary. It is vital that health worker are trained and have the conditions necessary to develop extramural activities. (AU)

El objetivo de este artículo es investigar las prácticas extramuros realizadas por los profesionales que actúan en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial alcohol y otras drogas (CAPSad) del Distrito Federal (DF). Se trata de una investigación de abordaje cualitativo de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo. La colecta de datos se realizó por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y cuestionario sociodemográfico y ocupacional con 48 profesionales que actúan en los siete CAPSad del DF. Se adoptó el análisis de contenido de Bardin y de forma complementaria el software NVivo. Se constató que los profesionales realizaron prácticas extramuros innovadoras y exitosas, como: "Tienda de calle", "Jardín comunitario", "Club de carreras", actividades deportivas, de generación de renta, participaciones políticas de arte, ocio y cultura. Sin embargo, todavía son escasas las acciones de cuidado extramuros de forma sistemática, siendo la mayoría temporales. Es imprescindible que los trabajadores sean capacitados y tengan condiciones para actuar extramuros. (AU)

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Resumo Estudo de abordagem descritiva, exploratória e retrospectiva que analisou prontuários de pacientes em tratamento pelo uso problemático de crack. Foram levantadas as prescrições, as interações medicamentosas e o perfil sociodemográfico destes pacientes. Foram feitas revisões de literaturas narrativas para verificar quais medicamentos apresentam maiores potenciais terapêuticos e para caracterizar o perfil dos usuários; dados dos prontuários e da literatura foram triangulados. Os resultados sugerem que os medicamentos utilizados no tratamento do uso problemático de crack são limitados, os medicamentos utilizados na prática não possuem evidências de eficácia, há interações relevantes nas prescrições e o perfil sociodemográfico desses usuários é semelhante com a literatura. Estudos adicionais são desejáveis para buscar um tratamento medicamentoso eficaz para o uso problemático de crack.

Abstract A descriptive, exploratory and retrospective study that analyzed medical records of the patients under treatment for crack use; prescriptions and medicines interactions were collected, and the sociodemographic profile of these patients. Revisions of narrative literatures were conducted to verify which medicines have the greatest therapeutic potentials and to characterize the profile of the crack users; data from the medical records and the literature were triangulated. The results suggest: medicines prescribed in the treatment of the crack use are limited, medicines used in practice don't have evidence of efficacy, there are relevant interactions in the prescriptions, and the sociodemographic profile of these users is similar with the literature. Additional studies are desirable to seek effective medicine treatment for crack use.