RESUMO

Deaths caused by respiratory and cardiovascular diseases have increased by 10%. Every year, exposure to high levels of air pollution is the cause of 7 million premature deaths and the loss of healthy years of life. Air pollution is generally caused by the presence of CO, NO2, NH3, SO2, particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, mainly emitted by economic activities in large metropolitan areas. The problem increases considerably in the absence of national regulations and the design, installation, and maintenance of an expensive air quality monitoring network. A smart multi-sensor system to monitor air quality is proposed in this work. The system uses an unmanned aerial vehicle and LoRa communication as an alternative for remote and in-situ atmospheric measurements. The instrumentation was integrated modularly as a node sensor to measure the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia (NH3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and suspended particulate mass PM10 and PM2.5. The optimal design of the multi-sensor system has been developed under the following constraints: A low weight, compact design, and low power consumption. The integration of the multi-sensor device, UAV, and LoRa communications as a single system adds aeeded flexibility to currently fixed monitoring stations.

Assuntos

Poluentes Atmosféricos , Poluição do Ar , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Poluição do Ar/análise , Dióxido de Nitrogênio , Material Particulado , Dispositivos Aéreos não Tripulados

RESUMO

A segmented or diluted aperture optical system will undergo phase errors as a result of errors in the positioning of the segments. The errors associated with a segmented primary mirror limit the image quality obtainable with synthetic aperture telescopes. Here we study the effects of segmentation errors on image quality, considering both the phase angle and the amplitude of the optical transfer function (OTF). We show that, in these kinds of telescope, phasing and alignment errors among segments reduce the amplitude and distort the phase angle of the OTF.