RESUMO
DNA is a complex multi-resolution molecule whose theoretical study is a challenge. Its intrinsic multiscale nature requires chemistry and quantum physics to understand the structure and quantum informatics to explain its operation as a perfect quantum computer. Here, we present theoretical results of DNA that allow a better description of its structure and the operation process in the transmission, coding, and decoding of genetic information. Aromaticity is explained by the oscillatory resonant quantum state of correlated electron and hole pairs due to the quantized molecular vibrational energy acting as an attractive force. The correlated pairs form a supercurrent in the nitrogenous bases in a single band π -molecular orbital ( π -MO). The MO wave function ( Φ ) is assumed to be the linear combination of the n constituent atomic orbitals. The central Hydrogen bond between Adenine (A) and Thymine (T) or Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C) functions like an ideal Josephson Junction. The approach of a Josephson Effect between two superconductors is correctly described, as well as the condensation of the nitrogenous bases to obtain the two entangled quantum states that form the qubit. Combining the quantum state of the composite system with the classical information, RNA polymerase teleports one of the four Bell states. DNA is a perfect quantum computer.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: To describe the applicability and the performance of the treadmill test in elderly patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and without PAD (non-PAD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty consecutive PAD and non-PAD elderly patients performed a progressive treadmill test. The proportion of patients who were unable to perform the test and the maximal walking distance were obtained. RESULTS: The proportion of patients who were unable to perform the treadmill test was similar between PAD (16.6 %) and non-PAD patients (12.5 %), P = .57. Maximal walking time for patients who performed the treadmill test was not different between PAD (232 +/- 218 s) and non-PAD patients (308 +/- 289 s), P = .37. CONCLUSIONS: The treadmill test is limited in almost 20 % of elderly patients with PAD and non-PAD. These results highlight the need for other forms of exercise stress tests in order to assess the peripheral limitation of patients with PAD.