RESUMO

Buffalo milk production has become of significant importance on the world scale, however, there are few studies involving biotechnological tools specifically for buffalo. To verify the effects caused by subclinical mastitis on the components of milk and to study the innate immune system in the udder of dairy buffaloes with subclinical mastitis, we evaluated the levels of expression of the lactoferrin (LTF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and toll-like receptors 2 (TLR-2) and 4 (TLR-4) genes in buffaloes with and without subclinical mastitis. Milk samples were collected for the determination of milk components: somatic cell score (SCS), fat, protein, lactose, total solids and solids-not-fat (SNF), as well as for RNA extraction of milk cells, complementary DNA synthesis, and expression profile quantification by quantitative real-time PCR. For gene expression, the ΔΔCt was estimated using contrasts of the target genes expression adjusted for the expression of the housekeeping genes between both groups. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the genes studied and the milk components. Subclinical mastitis induced changes in the fat, lactose and SNF in milk of buffaloes, and the messenger RNA abundance was upregulated for TLR-2, TLR-4, TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-8 genes in milk cells of buffaloes with subclinical mastitis, whereas the LTF gene was not differentially expressed. Results of linear regression analysis showed that TLR-2 gene expression most explains the variation in SCS, and the change in a unit of ΔCt of the TNF-α gene would result in a higher increase in SCS. The study of these immune function genes that are active in the mammary gland is important to characterize the action mechanism of the innate immunity that occurs in subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes and may aid the development of strategies to preserve the health of the udder.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Drought is one of the most frequent abiotic stresses limiting the productivity and geographical distribution of sugarcane culture. The use of drought-tolerant genotypes is one approach for overcoming the effects of water stress. We conducted a comparative study to identify gene expression profiles under water stress in tolerant sugarcane roots. Two different cultivars, 1 drought tolerant (RB867515) and 1 drought susceptible (SP86-155), were evaluated at 4 sampling time points (1, 3, 5, and 10 days) using the cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism technique. A total of 173 fragments were found to be differentially expressed in response to water stress in the tolerant cultivar. Seventy of these were cloned, sequenced, and categorized. Similarity analysis using BLAST revealed that 64% of the fragments differentially expressed code proteins classified as no hits (23%), hypothetical (21%), or involved in stress response (20%), with others were involved in communication pathways and signal transduction, bioenergetics, secondary metabolism, and growth and development. Four genes were analyzed and validated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to determine their expression and showed consistency with the cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism analyses. Our results contribute insight into the molecular responses to water stress in sugarcane and possibility to the development of cultivars with improved tolerance to drought.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Arteritis of giant cells compromising extracranial and particularly intestinal tissues is not frequent. Therefore, it is common practice to make the diagnosis retrospectively after analyzing the surgical sample. A case is presented of an 83 year old woman admitted to the Clinical Department with a clinical course of 3 days of evolution characterized by fever and pain in the left hemiabdomen. Her personal medical history included multiple diverticulosis of colon, collecistectomy and appendicectomy. Laboratory tests showed that uremia was 0.75 g/L (N.L to 0.45 g/L), V.E.S. 90 mm at the first hour, and the rest of the determinations were normal. The chest and abdomen rays as well as the abdomen and pelvis ecographies were normal. A diagnosis was reached as acute diverticulitis and the patient was treated with 400 mgr of ciprofloxacina and 2,000 mgr a day of metronidazol. She continued in a feverish state and with abdominal pain, so that an anexial tomography of abdomen was taken. It showed a widening of peritoneal fascias with scarce liquid in the left parietocolic dripping and Douglas septum. After 96 hours, surgery exploration was done and injuries in the left colon revealed compatibility with an infarct of the colon which had to be extirpated. Pathological examination revealed an infarct of colon due to a secondary arterial thrombosis characteristic of giant cell arteritis. After the diagnosis, immunological studies and biopsy of the left temporal artery were performed and reported as normal. The patient was treated with 40 mgr of prednisone a day improving rapidly.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Arteritis of giant cells compromising extracranial and particularly intestinal tissues is not frequent. Therefore, it is common practice to make the diagnosis retrospectively after analyzing the surgical sample. A case is presented of an 83 year old woman admitted to the Clinical Department with a clinical course of 3 days of evolution characterized by fever and pain in the left hemiabdomen. Her personal medical history included multiple diverticulosis of colon, collecistectomy and appendicectomy. Laboratory tests showed that uremia was 0.75 g/L (N.L to 0.45 g/L), V.E.S. 90 mm at the first hour, and the rest of the determinations were normal. The chest and abdomen rays as well as the abdomen and pelvis ecographies were normal. A diagnosis was reached as acute diverticulitis and the patient was treated with 400 mgr of ciprofloxacina and 2,000 mgr a day of metronidazol. She continued in a feverish state and with abdominal pain, so that an anexial tomography of abdomen was taken. It showed a widening of peritoneal fascias with scarce liquid in the left parietocolic dripping and Douglas septum. After 96 hours, surgery exploration was done and injuries in the left colon revealed compatibility with an infarct of the colon which had to be extirpated. Pathological examination revealed an infarct of colon due to a secondary arterial thrombosis characteristic of giant cell arteritis. After the diagnosis, immunological studies and biopsy of the left temporal artery were performed and reported as normal. The patient was treated with 40 mgr of prednisone a day improving rapidly.

RESUMO

The serological identification of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) subtypes has shown to be elusive when current standard serologic tests are used. Based on (1) the in vivo response expected on quantitative BoNT-antitoxin systems and (2) the actual and the hypothetical antigenic makeup of BoNT subtypes, a comprehensive method for BoNTs typing is proposed.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Se realizaron exámenes bacteriológicos en materiales de necropsia de cinco animales muertos con diagnóstico clínico de botulismo bovino, enfermedad enzoótica regional llamada Mal de Aguapey (Provincia de Corrientes). Se identificó C. botulinum tipo D o su toxina en todos los animales, alternativamente en contenidos de rumen, yeyuno, íleon y ciego, y en muestras obtenidas de bazo, riñon e hígado. C. botulinum tipo A fue identificado, respectivamente, en hígado y riñón de dos animales. En los cultivos de cien muestras de diferentes tipos de suelo tomados en el área enzoótica, se identificó toxina butulínica sólo del tipo A en tres y en ninguna tipo D. Estos resultados amplían y confirman los hallazgos previos realizados sobre la etiología botulínica del Mal de Aguapey

Assuntos

RESUMO

Se realizaron exámenes bacteriológicos en materiales de necropsia de cinco animales muertos con diagnóstico clínico de botulismo bovino, enfermedad enzoótica regional llamada Mal de Aguapey (Provincia de Corrientes). Se identificó C. botulinum tipo D o su toxina en todos los animales, alternativamente en contenidos de rumen, yeyuno, íleon y ciego, y en muestras obtenidas de bazo, riñon e hígado. C. botulinum tipo A fue identificado, respectivamente, en hígado y riñón de dos animales. En los cultivos de cien muestras de diferentes tipos de suelo tomados en el área enzoótica, se identificó toxina butulínica sólo del tipo A en tres y en ninguna tipo D. Estos resultados amplían y confirman los hallazgos previos realizados sobre la etiología botulínica del Mal de Aguapey (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Bacteriological studies were carried out on several necropsy samples from five animals whose deaths had been attributed to bovine botulism. This disease, regionally called Mal de Aguapey, enzootically affects animals from a wide area of the north-east of Argentina (Province of Corrientes) with a bovine population estimated at near to 2,500,000. Either C. botulinum type D, its toxin or both were identified in all animal samples, alternatively in contents of rumen, jejunum, ileum, caecum and in samples of spleen, liver and kidney (Table 1). C. botulinum type A was isolated respectively from the liver and the kidney of two animals. Cultures of 100 soil samples taken in the enzootic area were positive only for C. botulinum type A (3%). These results enlarge and confirm previous findings and lend support to the botulinic etiology of the Mal de Aguapey.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Bacteriological studies were carried out on several necropsy samples from five animals whose deaths had been attributed to bovine botulism. This disease, regionally called Mal de Aguapey, enzootically affects animals from a wide area of the north-east of Argentina (Province of Corrientes) with a bovine population estimated at near to 2,500,000. Either C. botulinum type D, its toxin or both were identified in all animal samples, alternatively in contents of rumen, jejunum, ileum, caecum and in samples of spleen, liver and kidney (Table 1). C. botulinum type A was isolated respectively from the liver and the kidney of two animals. Cultures of 100 soil samples taken in the enzootic area were positive only for C. botulinum type A (3

). These results enlarge and confirm previous findings and lend support to the botulinic etiology of the Mal de Aguapey.

RESUMO

Thirty-six Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from 35 of 204 young goats at slaughter were characterized. All isolates were susceptible to cephalothin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, and amikacin. All but 2 were susceptible to erythromycin and tetracycline, and 19 and 20 were susceptible to penicillin and ampicillin, respectively. Thirteen isolates were classified as biotype A, 9 isolates were classified as biotype B, 8 isolates were classified as biotype C, and 6 isolates were classified as intermediate between B and C or were not biotypable. Six biotype A isolates were enterotoxigenic; 4 produced enterotoxin B, 1 produced enterotoxin C, and 1 produced enterotoxin D. Two biotype B strains produced enterotoxin B, and all 8 biotype C isolates produced enterotoxin C and the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1.

Assuntos