RESUMO
Small bowel transplantation (SBT) leads to several changes in normal intestinal physiology with special reference to lymphatic disruption and graft denervation. Intestinal myoelectrical activity (MA) has been studied in different conditions, but little is known about MA in excluded bowel segments without the influence of nutrients. We performed this study to evaluate the effects of bowel exclusion on MA pattern. Fifteen Wistar rats were divided into two groups: five were used as donors and five as recipients for SBT; the remaining five underwent isolation of a jejunal segment as Thiry-Vella loop (TVL). On the 20th postoperative day, four bipolar electrodes were implanted in the small bowel of each rat: proximally and distally on the transplanted and the native intestine (SBT group); proximally and distally on the TVL and across the jejunal anastomosis (TVL group). On the 30th postoperative day, MA was recorded for 30 min after a 12 h fast. MA pattern was not altered by the exclusion of innervated jejunal segments (TVLs) with maintenance of high amplitude and migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) occurrence independent of MA in the continuity bowel. The characteristic regular spiking activity was not observed in transplanted grafts and MA analysis showed slow waves containing superimposed irregular spiking activity.
Assuntos
Intestino Delgado/transplante , Jejuno/inervação , Complexo Mioelétrico Migratório/fisiologia , Animais , Eletrodos Implantados , Intestino Delgado/fisiologia , Jejuno/cirurgia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
We investigated the effect of different doses of cyclosporin A (CyA) on glucose and insulin levels, as well as its residual effects on pancreatic islets ultrastructure after discontinuation of the drug. We studied four groups of Wistar rats. One control- (n = 5) and three experimental groups, n = 10 each, were treated with different doses of CyA i.m. for 14 days: group I, 5 mg/Kg; group II, 15 mg/Kg; and group III, 25 mg/Kg. Five animals of each group were sacrificed after 14 days, and the remaining five after 21 days to assess residual CyA effects. On the day of sacrifice, the rats underwent maltose absorption test, and glucose and insulin levels were measured. Pancreatic biopsies were obtained on day 21 to evaluate islets ultrastructure by electron microscopy. As a result, statistically significant, dose dependent (P < 0.05) increases in glucose and insulin levels were observed in CyA-treated groups. Groups II and III showed insulin levels significantly higher after fasting (P < 0.05) on day 14 comparing to the controls, while in groups I and II values returned to normal after CyA discontinuation. Group III showed persistently increased insulin levels on day 21. Pancreatic ultrastructural changes were observed only in group III. We can conclude that CyA effects on glucose and insulin levels were temporary and reversible at low doses. Ultrastructural changes in the pancreatic islets may occur with high doses of CyA.
Assuntos
Ciclosporina/farmacologia , Imunossupressores/farmacologia , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Ciclosporina/administração & dosagem , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Glucose/metabolismo , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Insulina/metabolismo , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
UNLABELLED: In order to study the effects of partial colectomy, 30 rats Wistar were divided into three groups: GI and GII had the cecun and the ileo cecal valve resected and proximal colectomy was performed in GI and distal in GII. GIII had distal colectomy without cecum resection. The length of the remain colon was of 5 cm in all groups. Colostomy was performed in GI, GII and GIII. Parameters evaluated: body weight, fecal composition concerning to water, lipids and proteins on preoperative time and on the 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th and 60th days of postoperative time. All statistical tests were conducted at a 5% two-sided risk level. The evaluation was made by analysis of variance techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Concerning to body weight, there is no significant difference on the late postoperative time in any group or when comparing the three groups on this same period. On late postoperative time, GI and GII had a large amount of fecal water, lipids and proteins when compared to the preoperative time and to GIII. On the 60th day there's no significant difference on the quantity of fecal water when comparing the three groups and the same occurs on the 50th day when considering the quantity of fecal proteins.
Assuntos
Ceco/cirurgia , Colectomia/métodos , Íleo/cirurgia , Animais , Peso Corporal , Fezes/química , Masculino , Período Pós-Operatório , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
A morphofunctional study was undertaken in 24 Beagle dogs subjected to a a tenorrhaphy, in order to evaluate the results obtained with 3 different surgical procedures (16 hands each)--"traditional" (TRAD); the "tendinous venous envelope" (TVE), and the "simulated procedure" (SHAM). The surgical tissue (n = 48) was the extensor digitorum communis muscle of the hand (forepaw) bilaterally. For TRAD procedure, the Bunnell suture technique was applied. For the TVE procedure, the tenorrhaphy site was wrapped in a segment of autologous femoral vein and for the SHAM procedure, the tendon was exposed over 3 cm without sectioning it and the wound was closed. In each case, the limb was immobilised for 21 days in a cast. Functional data (288 X-rays) was obtained on angle variations of the radio-carpal joint in 2 different positions--passive (physiological), and forced (with an additional weight of 150 g). For each position, the angle variation obtained for each one of the surgical procedures were compared at 3 different times: day zero (surgical intervention), day 21 (cast removal), and day 35 (surgical tissue removal). Morphological data (144 sections) was obtained by analyzing the surgical tissue (tendinous fibrosis; fusion of the tendon clusters with the epimysium and the neighboring tissues; synovitis and the virtual space between the tendon and the neosheath). Tests of variance analysis by posts (critical H = 5.99), showed that the TVE procedure produced better results as compared to TRAD (SHAM approximately equal to TVE > TRAD) on day 21 (H = 22.58) as well as on day 35 (H = 8.08).