RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of fetal resorption in 77 pregnant bitches and its association with the age, size and body condition score of the bitch and to determine the frequency of transuterine migration of embryos. METHODS: The number and position of embryos or fetuses and placental zones were registered postmortem. The prevalence of fetal losses was determined by comparing the number of corpora lutea with the number of embryos or fetuses in each bitch. The prevalence of transuterine migration of embryos was determined by correlating the number of fetuses in each horn and the number of corpora lutea in the ipsilateral ovary. RESULTS: Fetal resorption zones were demonstrated in 42.9 per cent of the bitches. However, pregnancy continued in 84.9 per cent of cases. Of the fetal losses, 25.9 per cent were determined by counting the number of corpora lutea and viable embryos or fetuses. Young bitches tended to have a higher probability of fetal resorption than adult bitches (P<0.06). The presence of fetal resorption zones was not associated with size or body condition. Transuterine migration of embryos had occurred in 15.8 per cent of the bitches. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated that embryo resorption is a normal event in the bitches, with a higher prevalence than previously thought.
Assuntos
Constituição Corporal/fisiologia , Cães/fisiologia , Reabsorção do Feto/veterinária , Fatores Etários , Animais , Animais Selvagens , Estudos Transversais , Cães/embriologia , Feminino , Reabsorção do Feto/epidemiologia , México/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Prevalência , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
This study analyzes health, growth and neurodevelopmental outcome of infants who received prenatal corticosteroids with or without thyroxine for fetal lung maturation. During a 12 month period infants from a prospective double blind study who received either steroids or steroids combined with thyroxine for pulmonary maturation and who had reached 18 months of age were recalled for evaluation of health status, growth parameters and neurodevelopmental outcome using the Bayley Scales 2nd edition (BSID-II). Mental developmental index (MDI), psychomotor developmental index (PDI), language developmental age (LDA), cognitive developmental age (CDA), and behavioral rating scales (BRS) were compared for the two treatment groups. The Hollingshead Socioeconomic Status Index was determined for each infant. Of a total of 134 patients enrolled during the study period, 66 patients return for follow up. Data from 60 patients was included in the final analysis. Of these, 32 had received the combination regimen and 28 had solely received only steroids. Demographics and neonatal morbidity were similar in both groups. No statistical differences in growth parameters, hospital admissions, respiratory problems, surgical procedures or frequency of infections were found. Neurodevelopmental parameters (MDI, PDI) were similar in both treatment groups, although, below normal in both groups. Language delay was more common in infants who received prenatal corticosteroids. There were no difference in the incidence of neurologic abnormalities. The addition of thyroxine to steroids did not affect growth or neuro-developmental outcome of the infants at 18 to 22 postnatal age.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório do Recém-Nascido/prevenção & controle , Tiroxina/uso terapêutico , Fatores Etários , Índice de Apgar , Peso ao Nascer , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Método Duplo-Cego , Quimioterapia Combinada , Seguimentos , Nível de Saúde , Exame Neurológico , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Pais , Exame Físico , Estudos Prospectivos , Pulmão/embriologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Tiroxina/administração & dosagem , Tiroxina/efeitos adversosRESUMO
La interpretación diagnóstica de las lesiones del estroma gastrointestinal, basada en los significativos avances de la inmunohistoquímica, parece indicar que estos tumores previamente considerados como leiomiomas o leiomiosarcomas, tienen un origen y expresión distinta que contrasta con los caracteres histopatológicos de estos. La incorporación del anticuerpo c-kit (CD-117) permitiría efectuar esa diferenciación y darles la designación de tumores estromales gastrointestinales (GIST). En el presente estudio se analizaron 5 casos de tumores gástricos y 3 de origen muscular de otras ubicaciones anatómicas, previamente diagnosticados, a los cuales se aplicaron anticuerpos primarios para Desmina, CD34, ENE y c-kit. Las muestras fueron posteriormente reveladas con complejo avidina-biotina y se evaluaron según su reacción a la inmunotinción como positivas o negativas. Los resultados obtenidos se expresan cualitativamente de acuerdo a la marcación e intensidad de la reacción con los distintos anticuerpos, observándose una manifiesta diferenciación entre los tumores que son de origen gástrico con aquellos provenientes de músculo liso. En consecuencia, la aplicación del anticuerpo c-kit(CD117) en procedimientos inmunohistoquímicos de rutina, es útil y recomendable para definir un diagnóstico diferencial
Assuntos
Humanos , Células Estromais/patologia , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-kit , Antígenos de Diferenciação/imunologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodosRESUMO
Bauxite explotation of the Orinoco River in recent years is an important source of heavy metals discharge in the ecosystem, changing the natural biochemical flow of these elements and their concentrations in water, sediment and organisms. Iron and copper concentrations were measured in the fish Plagioscion squamosissimus in the Orinoco river, by sampling the fish population for three months (September-November 1998) in the main channel of the middle Orinoco (07 degrees 38' 21.2[quot ] N; 66 degrees 19' 10.9" W) and in Castillero lagoon (7 degrees 39' 09" N; 66 degrees 09' 00" W) with 2 and 4 cm mesh sizes. The internal organs of 30 fishes per month and site were stove-dried at 80 degrees C, pulverized and dried in disecator for 30 min to use as indicators with the acid digestion method for predicting the effect of heavy metals. We found relatively high values of iron and copper concentrations in fishes of the lagoon, and high seasonal variations in the iron concentration.
Assuntos
Animais , Cobre/análise , Peixes , Ferro/análise , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Poluição Química da Água/análise , Rios/química , Mineração , Peixes/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo , VenezuelaRESUMO
Bauxite explotation of the Orinoco River in recent years is an important source of heavy metals discharge in the ecosystem, changing the natural biochemical flow of these elements and their concentrations in water, sediment and organisms. Iron and copper concentrations were measured in the fish Plagioscion squamosissimus in the Orinoco river, by sampling the fish population for three months (September-November 1998) in the main channel of the middle Orinoco (07 degrees 38' 21.2" N; 66 degrees 19' 10.9" W) and in Castillero lagoon (7 degrees 39' 09" N; 66 degrees 09' 00" W) with 2 and 4 cm mesh sizes. The internal organs of 30 fishes per month and site were stove-dried at 80 degrees C, pulverized and dried in disecator for 30 min to use as indicators with the acid digestion method for predicting the effect of heavy metals. We found relatively high values of iron and copper concentrations in fishes of the lagoon, and high seasonal variations in the iron concentration.
Assuntos
Cobre/análise , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Peixes , Ferro/análise , Rios/química , Poluição Química da Água/análise , Animais , Peixes/metabolismo , Mineração , Fatores de Tempo , VenezuelaRESUMO
Seroepidemiological studies of cutaneous leishmaniasis were carried out in 169 individuals in a rural area of the Campeche state of México. Fifty showed cutaneous lesions suggestive of leishmaniasis, 70% were parasite positive and 96% skin test positive. An overall 40% positivity to skin test with Montenegro's antigen was found. Most of the affected individuals were males from 11 to 30 years-old. Antibodies were determined by immunofluorescent antibody test (IFA) and by Western blot. Two antigen preparations were used, one from a Leishmania mexicana strain which produced localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) and the other from a diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL). In the general population from the area of study 19% gave positive IFA tests with DCL antigen and 20% with LCL antigen while for the patients 67% gave positive IFA tests with DCL and 71% with LCL. By Western blot analysis most of the patients recognized more antigens in the DCL than in the LCL strain. In the DCL strain 78% of patients recognized a 105 kDa, 34% a 139 kDa, 28% a 117 kDa and 26% a 205 kDa MW antigen. In the LCL strain 40% of patients recognized a 205 kDa and 22% a 175 kDa antigens.