RESUMO
Emerald tree boas (Corallus batesii) are boids that in situ occurs in forested habitats in the Amazon Basin. The mycobacterial species can infect reptiles but the species Mycolicibacterium fortuitum was identified only in feces samples of ex situ Python regius and was isolated from granulomatous lesions of an ex situ Iguana iguana when was still part of the genus Mycobacterium. This article aims to report a mycobacteria infection case in a female Corallus batesii kept under human care. The animal presented apathy and 2 months of anorexia, being found dead. The necropsy revealed presence of tracheal and pulmonary nodules besides multifocal, bacterial, granulomatous pneumonia. After Fite-Faraco histochemical staining, immunohistochemistry, semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genetic sequencing the Mycolicibacterium fortuitum complex was diagnosed with 99.54% of nucleotide similarity. This mycobacterial species was already pointed out as an important nosocomial pathogen and more studies are necessary to explore their zoonotic potential.
Assuntos
Boidae , Mycobacterium fortuitum , Animais , Feminino , Mycobacterium fortuitum/isolamento & purificação , Mycobacterium fortuitum/genética , Mycobacterium fortuitum/classificação , Boidae/microbiologia , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/microbiologia , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/veterinária , Evolução Fatal , FilogeniaRESUMO
Neotropical primates rarely exhibit active tuberculosis. A brown howler monkey was found injured in an urban area. Histopathology revealed granulomatous inflammation in the lungs, lymph nodes, and liver. Immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The findings highlight the importance of TB surveillance in nonhuman primates.
Assuntos
Alouatta , Doenças dos Macacos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculose , Animais , Doenças dos Macacos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Macacos/patologia , Brasil , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Tuberculose/veterinária , Tuberculose/microbiologia , Tuberculose/patologia , Masculino , FemininoRESUMO
A senile male black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus) kept under human care in a Zoo was found dead after 2 weeks presenting signals of weight loss and hyporexia. Histopathological revealed a necrotizing encephalitis. Although it was not observed microscopically, Sarcocystis sp infection was detected in brain tissue from molecular assays. These infections have been rarely described in neotropical primates, particularly associated with tissue lesions.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Macacos , Sarcocystis , Sarcocistose , Animais , Sarcocistose/veterinária , Sarcocistose/diagnóstico , Sarcocistose/parasitologia , Sarcocystis/isolamento & purificação , Sarcocystis/genética , Doenças dos Macacos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Macacos/diagnóstico , Masculino , Animais de Zoológico , Evolução Fatal , Encefalite/veterinária , Encefalite/parasitologia , Encefalite/diagnóstico , SapajusRESUMO
Yellow Fever (YF) is a viral arbovirosis of Public Health importance. In Brazil, surveillance is focused mainly on detecting epizootic events of Platyrrhini. Herein, we compared the detection and phylogenetic analysis of YF virus in two neotropical primates (NTP), a Callithrix detected in the previous epidemic period (2016-2020), and a Callicebus nigrifons, showing a new introduction of YF in 2023. This paper illustrates the importance of joint actions of laboratory and field teams to ensure quick response to Public Health emergencies, such as the intensification of vaccination of susceptible human populations.
Assuntos
Febre Amarela , Vírus da Febre Amarela , Animais , Humanos , Vírus da Febre Amarela/genética , Filogenia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Febre Amarela/epidemiologia , Febre Amarela/prevenção & controle , Callithrix , Surtos de DoençasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The Vieira's titi monkey (Plecturocebus vieirai) was recently described and characterized as endemic to Brazil. According to the IUCN red list, this species is classified as critically endangered (CR). At the date of the publication of this manuscript, there are no published data on the health aspects of this species. METHODS: For this study, the necropsy, and histopathological data of the mortality of P. vieirai at Sorocaba Zoo (São Paulo, Brazil) were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Causes of death diagnosed included disorders of the urinary, gastrointestinal, immune, and circulatory systems. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides information regarding the pathological conditions of P. vieirai and points to urinary and gastrointestinal diseases as the main causes of death in this species at Sorocaba Zoo. These results can help veterinarians who have this species under their care diagnose and deal with it more quickly, increasing the probability of survival.
Assuntos
Callicebus , Pitheciidae , Animais , Espécies em Perigo de Extinção , Estudos Retrospectivos , Brasil/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Opossums are considered resistant to rabies. Nonhematophagous bats are reservoirs of rabies in urban areas of South America. We analyzed bats and opossums tested for rabies during 2021 in a highly urbanized city in Brazil to understand spillover in an urban setting. Wildlife surveillance is necessary to prevent rabies in humans and domestic animals.
Assuntos
Didelphis , Raiva , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Quirópteros , Gambás , Raiva/epidemiologia , Raiva/veterináriaRESUMO
Introduction. Brazil was one of the most affected countries by the COVID-19 pandemic. Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL) is the reference laboratory for COVID-19 in São Paulo, the most populous state in Brazil. In April 2020, a secondary diagnostic pole named IAL-2 was created to enhance IAL's capacity for COVID-19 diagnosis.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Public health laboratories must be prepared to rapidly respond to emerging epidemics or pandemics.Aim. To describe the design of IAL-2 and correlate the results of RT-qPCR tests for COVID-19 with secondary data on suspected cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the São Paulo state.Methodology. This is a retrospective study based on the analysis of secondary data from patients suspected of infection by SARS-CoV-2 whose clinical samples were submitted to real-time PCR after reverse transcription (RT-qPCR) at IAL-2, between 1 April 2020 and 8 March 2022. RT-qPCR Ct results of the different kits used were also analysed.Results. IAL-2 was implemented in April 2020, just over a month after the detection of the first COVID-19 case in Brazil. The laboratory performed 304,250 RT-qPCR tests during the study period, of which 98 319 (32.3â%) were positive, 205827 (67.7â%) negative, and 104 (0.03â%) inconclusive for SARS-CoV-2. RT-qPCR Ct values≤30 for E/N genes of SARS-CoV-2 were presented by 79.7â% of all the samples included in the study.Conclusion. IAL was able to rapidly implement a new laboratory structure to support the processing of an enormous number of samples for diagnosis of COVID-19, outlining strategies to carry out work with quality, using different RT-qPCR protocols.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , COVID-19/diagnóstico , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Teste para COVID-19 , Pandemias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Saúde Pública , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/métodos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Brasil/epidemiologia , RNA Viral/genéticaRESUMO
This report presents anatomo-histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses of an asymptomatic female dog naturally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and her four pups. In addition to routine serological tests, the mother's positivity was confirmed by real-time PCR of a bone marrow sample; the placenta and ovaries, however, were negative with the same analysis. The pups presented no positivity in any of the techniques used. It is suggested that the gestational period and factors related to the female's immunological condition cause greater variability in the occurrence of vertical infection.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão , Leishmania infantum , Leishmaniose Visceral , Gravidez , Cães , Feminino , Animais , Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/veterinária , FetoRESUMO
Transmission of herpesvirus between humans and non-human primates represents a serious potential threat to human health and endangered species conservation. This study aimed to identify herpesvirus genomes in samples of neotropical primates (NTPs) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 242 NTPs, including Callithrix sp., Alouatta sp., Sapajus sp., and Callicebus sp., were evaluated by pan-herpesvirus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Sixty-two (25.6%) samples containing genome segments representative of members of the family Herpesviridae, including 16.1% for Callitrichine gammaherpesvirus 3, 6.1% for Human alphaherpesvirus 1, 2.1% for Alouatta macconnelli cytomegalovirus, and 0.83% for Cebus albifrons lymphocryptovirus 1. No co-infections were detected. The detection of herpesvirus genomes was significantly higher among adult animals (p = 0.033) and those kept under human care (p = 0.008671). These findings confirm the importance of monitoring the occurrence of herpesviruses in NTP populations in epizootic events.
Assuntos
Alouatta , Herpesviridae , Doenças dos Macacos , Animais , Doenças dos Macacos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Macacos/microbiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Primatas , Herpesviridae/genéticaRESUMO
New-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques have brought the opportunity for genomic monitoring of several microorganisms potentially relevant to public health. The establishment of different methods with different mechanisms provides a wide choice, taking into account several aspects. With that in mind, the present aim of the study was to compare basic genomic sequencing metrics that could potentially impact genotyping by nanopores from Oxford Nanopore Technologies and by synthesis from Illumina in clinical samples positive for Chikungunya (CHIKV). Among the metrics studied, running time, read production, and Q score were better represented in Illumina sequencing, while the MinIOn platform showed better response time and greater diversity of generated files. That said, it was possible to establish differences between the studied metrics in addition to verifying that the distinctions in the methods did not impact the identification of the CHIKV virus genotype.