RESUMO
A new abietane diterpene, the 19-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside of 16-hydroxylambertic acid was isolated from the leaves of Quillaja brasiliensis together with a known prosapogenin (3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-quillaic acid), quercetin, and rutin. The new compound was identified by chemical and spectroscopic methods.
Assuntos
Glucosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Fenantrenos/isolamento & purificação , Quillaja/química , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Glucosídeos/química , Fenantrenos/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Quercetina/isolamento & purificação , Rutina/isolamento & purificação , Saponinas/química , Análise EspectralRESUMO
Two new saponins were isolated from the leaves of Ilex psammophila. Their structure was established by chemical and spectroscopic methods as 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylester of 20(S)-ilexgenin A ([structure: see text]) and 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylester of 20(S)-3beta,19alpha,24-trihydroxyurs-12-ene-23, 28-dioic acid ([structure: see text]).
Assuntos
Ilex/química , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Brasil , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Hidrólise , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Folhas de Planta/química , Saponinas/química , Estereoisomerismo , Triterpenos/química , Ácido UrsólicoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine if there is a seasonal pattern of sexual activity dependent on food availability in male Creole goats in subtropical Mexico. The study was conducted in the Laguna Region in the State of Coahuila, Mexico (26 degrees N). Male Creole goats (n = 8) were kept in a shed, fed alfalfa ad libitum and given 200 g of concentrate daily throughout the study. Live weight and testicular weight were determined every 2 wk. Sexual behavior and sperm production were determined monthly. Blood samples were obtained weekly to determine testosterone plasma concentrations. All variables were subjected to sinusoidal modeling procedures and showed important seasonal variations (P < 0.0001) with different phase angles for body weight, testicular weight and testosterone plasma concentrations. The nadir of live weight occurred in November and the peak in May. The lowest testicular weight (90 g) and testosterone plasma concentrations (0.1 ng/mL) were observed in January and February, respectively, while the peaks were observed in July and August (145 g and 10 ng/mL, respectively). Ejaculation latency also varied during the study, being low between May and November (96 sec) and reaching a peak in April (183 sec). Minimum number of spermatozoa per ejaculate occurred between February and April (1.4 x 10(9) cells/ejaculate) while the maximum number was observed between May and September (2.8 x 10(9) spermatozoa/ejaculate). Progressive sperm motility was low between January and April (3.04 on average) and high between May and November (about 3.55 on average). The percentage of live spermatozoa diminished between January and April (68% in April) and then increased to values around 80% between May and November. These results lead us to conclude that male Creole goats in Northern Mexico, fed constantly throughout the year, exhibit seasonality in their reproductive activity. Intense sexual activity occurred between May and December.
Assuntos
Ração Animal , Cabras/fisiologia , Reprodução/fisiologia , Estações do Ano , Comportamento Sexual Animal , Animais , Peso Corporal , Cabras/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , México , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Testículo/anatomia & histologia , Testículo/fisiologia , Testosterona/sangue , Clima TropicalRESUMO
The structure of matesaponin 5, a novel saponin isolated from the leaves of the Ilex paraguariensis, was established as ursolic acid-3-0-{beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)]-alpha-L- arabino pyranosyl}-(28->1)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 ->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl] ester.
Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais , Saponinas/química , Triterpenos , Configuração de Carboidratos , Sequência de Carboidratos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Extratos Vegetais , Folhas de Planta , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , América do Sul , Espectrometria de Massas de Bombardeamento Rápido de ÁtomosRESUMO
The leaves of Ilex paraguariensis have yielded three new saponins named matesaponins 2, 3, and 4 [1-3], which have been characterized by chemical and nmr methods as ursolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1-->2)]]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-(28-->1)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, ursolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-(28-- >1)- [beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]ester, and ursolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-(28-->1)-[beta -D- glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]ester, respectively.