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1.
Pulm Circ ; 14(2): e12395, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38887742

RESUMO

Data on demographic characteristics and therapeutic approaches in Latin American pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients are scarce. Pulmonary Hypertension Mexican registry (REMEHIP) is a multicenter Mexican registry of adult and pediatric patients, including prevalent and incident cases. Objective: assess clinical characteristics, treatment trends, and in-hospital outcomes. Inclusion: age >2 years, diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) (groups 1 and 4), right heart catheterization with mPAP ≥25 mmHg, PWP ≤ 15 mmHg, and PVR > 3 Wood unit (WU). We included 875 PH patients, 619 adults, 133 pediatric idiopathic PAH (IPAH), and 123 chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients. We enrolled 48.4% of the incident and 51.6% of the prevalent adult and pediatric patients. PAH adults: age 43 ± 15, females 81.9%, functional class (FC) (I/II) 66.5%, 6-min walk distance (6MWD) 378 ± 112 m, mPAP 57.3 ± 19.0 mmHg, confidence interval (CI) 3.3 ± 1.5 L/min/m2, PVR 12.0 ± 8.1 WU. PAH pediatrics: age 9 ± 5, females 51.1%, FC (I/II) 85.5%, 6MWD 376 ± 103 m, mPAP 49.7 ± 13.4 mmHg, CI 2.6 ± 0.9 L/min/m2, PVR 16.4 ± 13.5 WU. CTEPH: age 44 ± 17, females 56.1%, FC (I/II) 65.5%, 6MWD 369 ± 126 m, mPAP 49.7 ± 13.4 mmHg, CI 2.6 ± 0.9 L/min/m2, PVR 10.5 + 6.5 WU. When we analyzed the IPAH group separately, it sustained a high functional class I/II incidence. REMEHIP shows better functional class in young females with severe PAH than in American and European patients. Also, PAH pediatric patients had a better functional class than other registries. However, our registry also shows that our population's access to specific pharmacologic treatments is still far from optimal.

2.
J Am Soc Echocardiogr ; 35(4): 426-434, 2022 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34695547

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Although the assessment of right ventricular (RV) diastolic function is feasible, it has garnered far less momentum for use compared with its left ventricular counterpart. The scarcity of data defining normative RV diastolic function and the fact that implications of RV diastolic dysfunction in different disease states on outcomes are less well known both hinder integration into routine clinical assessment. The aim of this study was to establish normal values of RV diastolic parameters stratified by sex, age, and race using data from the World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography study. METHODS: A subset of 888 normal subjects from the World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography database were analyzed, including measurements of tricuspid valve (TV) inflow E- and A-wave velocities, E-wave deceleration time, and TV annular tissue Doppler e' and a' velocities. Additionally, right atrial (RA) maximal volume and RA peak reservoir strain were measured. Patients were grouped by age (<40, 41-65, and >65 years) and stratified by sex and race. Differences were analyzed using unpaired t tests. RESULTS: Compared with men, women had significantly higher TV e' and E-wave and A-wave velocities, though differences were modest. Increasing age was associated with stepwise lower TV E wave, e' velocity, and TV E/A ratio and higher a' velocity and E/e' ratio. RA peak reservoir strain was also lower, and RA end-systolic volume trended toward being smaller for older age groups. Asian subjects demonstrated significantly higher a' velocities, lower E wave, the smallest RA end-systolic volumes, and the lowest RA peak strain values compared with white subjects of both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides normal values for parameters used in the assessment of RV diastolic function stratified by race, sex, and age. The results demonstrate significant differences in RV diastolic parameters between age groups, which manifest in both individual parameters and composite ratios of TV inflow and annular velocities. Although limited sex- and race-related differences were also noted, age appears to have the most significant impact on RV diastolic parameters. These findings may aid in refining current normative values.


Assuntos
Ventrículos do Coração , Função Ventricular Direita , Idoso , Diástole , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Ventrículos do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Valores de Referência
3.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 156(6): 569-579, nov.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1249969

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: México tiene la mortalidad más alta a 30 días por infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), el cual constituye una de las principales causas de mortalidad en el país: 28 % versus 7.5 % del promedio de los países de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos. Objetivo: Establecer las rutas críticas y las estrategias farmacológicas esenciales interinstitucionales para la atención de los pacientes con IAM en México, independientemente de su condición socioeconómica. Método: Se reunió a un grupo de expertos en diagnóstico y tratamiento de IAM, representantes de las principales instituciones públicas de salud de México, así como las sociedades cardiológicas mexicanas, Cruz Roja Mexicana y representantes de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología, con la finalidad de optimizar las estrategias con base en la mejor evidencia existente. Resultados: Se diseñó una guía de práctica clínica interinstitucional para el diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento oportuno del IAM con elevación del segmento ST, siguiendo el horizonte clínico de la enfermedad, con la propuesta de algoritmos que mejoren el pronóstico de los pacientes que acuden por IAM a los servicios de urgencias. Conclusión: Con la presente guía práctica, el grupo de expertos propone universalizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento en el IAM, independientemente de la condición socioeconómica del paciente.


Abstract Introduction: Mexico has the highest 30-day acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mortality rate: 28% versus 7.5% on average for the OECD countries, and it constitutes one of the main causes of mortality in the country. Objective: To establish critical pathways and essential interinstitutional pharmacological strategies for the care of patients with AMI in Mexico, regardless of their socioeconomic status. Method: A group of experts in AMI diagnosis and treatment, representatives of the main public health institutions in Mexico, as well as the Mexican cardiology societies, the Mexican Red Cross and representatives of the Spanish Society of Cardiology, were brought together in order to optimize strategies based on the best existing evidence. Results: An interinstitutional clinical practice guideline was designed for early diagnosis and timely treatment of AMI with ST elevation, following the clinical horizon of the disease, with the proposal of algorithms that improve the prognosis of patients who attend the emergency services due to an AMI. Conclusion: With these clinical practice guidelines, the group of experts proposes to universalize AMI diagnosis and treatment, regardless of patient socioeconomic status.


Assuntos
Humanos , Consenso , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/diagnóstico , Sociedades Médicas , Espanha , Biomarcadores/sangue , Reperfusão Miocárdica/métodos , Terapia Trombolítica/métodos , Causas de Morte , Eletrocardiografia , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/métodos , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/reabilitação , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/sangue , Reabilitação Cardíaca , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , México
4.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 90(Supl): 33-35, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32523135

RESUMO

The communications accumulated in the last weeks make it clear that there is no agreement to define the best treatment strategy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (SICA). In patients presenting with an acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (IAMCESST), it has been suggested to favor fibrinolysis (FL) over primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), reserving ICP for cases of failed FL1,2; however, some societies have maintained the indication of the ICPp as the repercussion method of choice3. In SICAs without ST segment elevation (SICASESST) the recommendations are very similar, favoring medical treatment over percutaneous coronary intervention in this subgroup of patients1. Several companies consider the contagion status, particularly in the SICASESST, to decide which repercussion follow3. Anticipating that the epidemiological curve in Mexico will be similar to that observed in most countries, we recommend continuing the care of patients with SICA, the catheterization rooms must maintain their operation.


Las comunicaciones acumuladas en las últimas semanas dejan claro que no existe un acuerdo para definir la mejor estrategia de tratamiento en los pacientes con un síndrome coronario agudo (SICA). En los pacientes que se presentan con un infarto agudo del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMCESST) se ha sugerido privilegiar la fibrinólisis (FL) sobre la intervención coronaria percutánea primaria (ICPp), reservando el ICP para los casos de FL fallidar1,2; sin embargo algunas sociedades han mantenido la indicación de la ICPp como el método de repercusión de elecciónr3. En los SICA sin elevación del segmento ST (SICASESST) las recomendaciones son muy similares, favoreciendo el tratamiento medico sobre el intervencionismo coronario percutáneo, en este subgrupo de pacientes1. Varias sociedades consideran el estado de contagio, en particular en los SICASESST, para decidir que estrategia de repercusión seguir3. Anticipando que la curva epidemiológica en México será similar a la observada en la mayoría de los países, recomendamos continuar la atención de los pacientes con SICA, las salas de cateterismo deben mantener su funcionamiento.


Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/terapia , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/fisiopatologia , COVID-19 , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , México/epidemiologia , Infarto do Miocárdio sem Supradesnível do Segmento ST/fisiopatologia , Infarto do Miocárdio sem Supradesnível do Segmento ST/terapia , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/métodos , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/fisiopatologia , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/terapia
5.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 90(Supl): 100-110, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32523138

RESUMO

The recommendations in which the Mexican Society of Cardiology (SMC) in conjunction with the National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico (ANCAM) as well as different Mexican medical associations linked to cardiology are presented, after a comprehensive and consensual review and analysis of the topics related to cardiovascular diseases in the COVID-19 pandemic. Scientific positions are analyzed and responsible recommendations on general measures are given to patients, with personal care, healthy eating, regular physical activity, actions in case of cardio-respiratory arrest, protection of the patient and health personnel as well as precise indications in the use of non-invasive cardiovascular imaging, prescription of medications, care in specific topics such as systemic arterial hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmias and acute coronary syndromes, in addition to emphasizing electrophysiology, interventionism, cardiac surgery and in cardiac rehabilitation. The main interest is to provide the medical community with a general orientation on what to do in daily practice and patients with cardiovascular diseases in the setting of this unprecedented epidemiological crisis of COVID-19.


Se presentan las recomendaciones en las cuales la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) en conjunto con la Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM), así como diferentes asociaciones médicas mexicanas vinculadas con la cardiología, después de una revisión y análisis exhaustivo y consensuado sobre los tópicos relacionados con las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la pandemia de COVID-19, se analizan posturas científicas y se dan recomendaciones responsables sobre medidas generales a los pacientes, con cuidados personales, alimentación saludable, actividad física regular, acciones en caso de paro cardiorrespiratorio, la protección del paciente y del personal de salud así como las indicaciones precisas en el uso de la imagen cardiovascular no invasiva, la prescripción de medicamentos, cuidados en tópicos específicos como en la hipertensión arterial sistémica, insuficiencia cardiaca, arritmias y síndromes coronarios agudos, además de hacer énfasis en los procedimientos de electrofisiología, intervencionismo, cirugía cardiaca y en la rehabilitación cardiaca. El interés principal es brindar a la comunidad médica una orientación general sobre el quehacer en la práctica cotidiana y pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares en el escenario esta crisis epidemiológica sin precedentes de COVID-19.


Assuntos
Cardiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/terapia , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , COVID-19 , Reabilitação Cardíaca/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/virologia , Humanos , México , Pandemias , Sociedades Médicas
6.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 90(Supl): 26-32, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32523139

RESUMO

The COVID-19 pandemic decreed by the World Health Organization (WHO) since March 12, 2020 is wreaking havoc globally and it is a true economic, social and health challenge. Although the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory symptoms, some patients also have cardiological symptoms. Among patients with cardiological conditions2 they represent a group of higher risk and, in fact, they are a particularly vulnerable group, due to their higher risk of contagion and greater severity in case of acquiring the disease1 those with heart failure (HF), including heart transplant (CT) and ventricular assists, as well as patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). HF is the main chronic cardiovascular disease and patients in this group are the most vulnerable for the development of more serious clinical symptoms after suffering the infection, and to a greater extent cases with advanced HF3. In fact, HF is one of the most frequent complications in patients with COVID-194. Likewise, transplant patients who require immunosuppressants to avoid graft rejection, constitute a population especially susceptible to infection and to develop more serious processes. This situation has made the National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico (ANCAM) and the Mexican Society of Cardiology (SMC) together with their respective chapters, have prepared the following recommendations for medical personnel, who participate in the care of this special group of patients in the different clinical settings, who suffer or not, of COVID-19.


La pandemia por COVID-19 decretada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) desde el 12 de marzo de 2020 está produciendo estragos a nivel mundial y es un verdadero reto económico, social y sanitario. Aunque las manifestaciones clínicas del COVID-19 son síntomas respiratorios, algunos pacientes también tienen síntomas cardiológicos. Dentro de los pacientes con afecciones cardiológicas2 suponen un grupo de mayor riesgo y que de hecho son un grupo especialmente vulnerable, por su mayor riesgo de contagio y mayor gravedad en caso de adquirir la enfermedad1 aquellos con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC), incluyendo al trasplante cardiaco (TC) y las asistencias ventriculares, así como los pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP). La IC es la principal patología cardiovascular crónica y los pacientes en este grupo son los más vulnerables para el desarrollo de cuadros clínicos más graves tras sufrir la infección, y en mayor medida los casos con IC avanzada3. De hecho, la IC es unas de las complicaciones más frecuentes en los pacientes con COVID-194. De igual forma, los pacientes trasplantados que requieren de los inmunosupresores para evitar el rechazo del injerto, constituyen una población especialmente susceptible a la infección y a desarrollar procesos más graves. Esta situación ha hecho que la Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM) y la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) junto con sus respectivos capítulos, hayan elaborado las siguientes recomendaciones para el personal médico, que participa en la atención de este grupo especial de pacientes en los diferentes escenarios clínicos, que padezcan o no, COVID-19.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/virologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Insuficiência Cardíaca/virologia , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , COVID-19 , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/terapia , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Humanos , México , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
7.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 90(Supl): 77-83, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32523151

RESUMO

A review is carried out to examine the risk of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus in the context of general morbidity and mortality and related to infection by SARS-CoV-2. Likewise, the general recommendations for food and the prevention of comorbidities that most these patients suffer most frequently are also studied. Finally, a review of the pharmacological recommendations on both oral and parenteral treatment in the outpatient, in hospitalization and in critical states infected with SARS-CoV-2 is made.


Se realiza una revisión sobre el riesgo de los pacientes que padecen diabetes mellitus en el contexto de morbimortalidad general y relacionada a infección por el coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2). Así mismo se repasan las recomendaciones generales, de alimentación y de la prevención de las comorbilidades que más frecuentemente padecen dichos enfermos. Finalmente se hace una revisión de las recomendaciones farmacológicas sobre el tratamiento tanto oral como parenteral en el paciente ambulatorio, en la hospitalización y en estados críticos infectados por el SARS-CoV-2.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/terapia , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/terapia , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Assistência Ambulatorial/métodos , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Doenças Cardiovasculares/mortalidade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/virologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/mortalidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Estado Terminal , Diabetes Mellitus/mortalidade , Diabetes Mellitus/virologia , Hospitalização , Humanos , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/mortalidade , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , Fatores de Risco , SARS-CoV-2
8.
Gac Med Mex ; 156(6): 559-569, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33877123

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Mexico has the highest 30-day mortality due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which constitutes one of the main causes of mortality in the country: 28 % versus 7.5 % on average for the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries. OBJECTIVE: To establish critical pathways and essential interinstitutional pharmacological strategies for the care of patients with AMI in Mexico, regardless of their socioeconomic status. METHOD: A group of experts in AMI diagnosis and treatment, representatives of the main public health institutions in Mexico, as well as the Mexican cardiology societies, the Mexican Red Cross and representatives of the Spanish Society of Cardiology, were brought together in order to optimize strategies based on the best existing evidence. RESULTS: An interinstitutional clinical practice guideline was designed for early diagnosis and timely treatment of AMI with ST-segment elevation, following the clinical horizon of the disease, with the proposal of algorithms that improve the prognosis of patients who attend the emergency services due to an AMI. CONCLUSION: With these clinical practice guidelines, the group of experts proposes to universalize AMI diagnosis and treatment, regardless of patient socioeconomic status. INTRODUCCIÓN: México tiene la mortalidad más alta a 30 días por infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), el cual constituye una de las principales causas de mortalidad en el país: 28 % versus 7.5 % del promedio de los países de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos. OBJETIVO: Establecer las rutas críticas y las estrategias farmacológicas esenciales interinstitucionales para la atención de los pacientes con IAM en México, independientemente de su condición socioeconómica. MÉTODO: Se reunió a un grupo de expertos en diagnóstico y tratamiento de IAM, representantes de las principales instituciones públicas de salud de México, así como las sociedades cardiológicas mexicanas, Cruz Roja Mexicana y representantes de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología con la finalidad de optimizar las estrategias con base en la mejor evidencia existente. RESULTADOS: Se diseñó una guía de práctica clínica interinstitucional para el diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento oportuno del IAM con elevación del segmento ST, siguiendo el horizonte clínico de la enfermedad, con la propuesta de algoritmos que mejoren el pronóstico de los pacientes que acuden por IAM a los servicios de urgencias. CONCLUSIÓN: Con la presente guía práctica, el grupo de expertos propone universalizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento en el IAM, independientemente de la condición socioeconómica del paciente.


Assuntos
Consenso , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores/sangue , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Reabilitação Cardíaca , Causas de Morte , Eletrocardiografia , Humanos , México , Reperfusão Miocárdica/métodos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/métodos , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/sangue , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/reabilitação , Sociedades Médicas , Espanha , Terapia Trombolítica/métodos
9.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 88(5): 296-305, ene. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346191

RESUMO

Resumen: OBJETIVO: Evaluar y comparar la adaptación cardiovascular materna mediante variables antropométricas y parámetros hemodinámicos con ecocardiografía Doppler en mujeres mexicanas sanas, con embarazo único. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, longitudinal, efectuado de enero de 2014 a enero de 2017 en mujeres que cursaban el segundo y tercer trimestres del embarazo. A los 6 meses posparto se practicaron ecosonogramas obstétricos y registros ecocardiográficos Doppler a todas las pacientes del estudio. Cada paciente fue su propio control. Se aplicó el análisis estadístico con SPSS Windows v17, ANOVA para comparar los 3 grupos, con valor significativo de p < 0.05, y correlación no paramétrica de Pearson. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 30 embarazadas con edad promedio de 22.5 ± 3.1 años. Las semanas de embarazo se corroboraron con ultrasonido obstétrico. En el ecocardiograma transtorácico se observaron cambios significativos entre el segundo trimestre y los 6 meses posparto: el ventrículo izquierdo en diástole (cm), 4.5 ± 2.5 vs 4.2 ± 3.3, p < 0.01. El volumen diastólico final del ventrículo izquierdo (mL) fue de 93 ± 14.8 vs 78 ± 17.8 (p < 0.05), el volumen latido (mL): 99.5 ± 15.7 vs 86 ± 11.8 (p < 0.01). Las resistencias vasculares sistémicas (dinas/seg/cm-5), 870 ± 108 vs 1262 ± 176 (p < 0.01). Del segundo al tercer trimestres y posnatal hubo incrementos en la aurícula izquierda (cm): 3.1 ± 4.6, 3.3 ± 4.4, 2.9 ± 4.3 (p < 0.001), gasto cardiaco (L/m): 6.8 ± 0.4, 7.0 ± 0.4, 4.7 ± 0.4 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONES: El embarazo es un estado de sobrecarga transitoria de volumen con importantes efectos orgánicos y funcionales, sobre todo en el segundo trimestre.


Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective, observational and longitudinal study, was to evaluate and to compare the maternal adaptation through changes on anthropometric and Doppler echocardiographic parameters in Mexican normal pregnancy with single product. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective, observational, longitudinal study, from January 2014 to January 2017. Obstetric ecosonograms and echocardiographic Doppler studies were performed on 2nd and 3rd trimester and six months postpartum. Each patient was her own control. The data were analyzed using SPSS Windows 17, ANOVA for compared the 3 groups with P value < 0.05 was considered significant, as well as a non-parametric correlation of Pearson. RESULTS: There were thirty pregnant with a mean age 22.5 ± 3.1 years-old, between 2nd and 3rd trimester, with obstetrics ultrasound were corroborated gestational age. With transthoracic echocardiography, we found significant changes between 2nd trimester and 6 month post-partum, among the main, the left ventricle (LV) in diastole (cm), 4.5 ± 2.5 versus 4.2 ± 2.3 (p < 0.01), end diastolic left ventricle volume (mL) 93 ± 14.8, vs 78 ± 17.8 (p < 0.05). Stroke volume (mL) 99.5 ± 15.7 vs 86 ± 11.8 (p < 0.01). Systemic vascular resistance (dyne/sec/cm5 ) 870 ± 108 vs 1,262 ± 176 (p < 0.001). From, 2nd and 3rd trimester and postpartum, left atrial diameter (cm), 3.1 ± 4.4, 3.3 ± 4.4, 2.9 ± 4.3 (p < 0.001). Cardiac output (L/m), 6.8 ± 0.4, 7.0 ± 0.4, 4.7 ± 0.4 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Pregnancy is a transitory overload condition with important organic and functional effects mainly in the second trimester.

10.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 90(supl.1): 26-32, may. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152839

RESUMO

Resumen La pandemia por COVID-19 decretada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) desde el 12 de marzo de 2020 está produciendo estragos a nivel mundial y es un verdadero reto económico, social y sanitario. Aunque las manifestaciones clínicas del COVID-19 son síntomas respiratorios, algunos pacientes también tienen síntomas cardiológicos. Dentro de los pacientes con afecciones cardiológicas2 suponen un grupo de mayor riesgo y que de hecho son un grupo especialmente vulnerable, por su mayor riesgo de contagio y mayor gravedad en caso de adquirir la enfermedad1 aquellos con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC), incluyendo al trasplante cardiaco (TC) y las asistencias ventriculares, así como los pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP). La IC es la principal patología cardiovascular crónica y los pacientes en este grupo son los más vulnerables para el desarrollo de cuadros clínicos más graves tras sufrir la infección, y en mayor medida los casos con IC avanzada3. De hecho, la IC es unas de las complicaciones más frecuentes en los pacientes con COVID-194. De igual forma, los pacientes trasplantados que requieren de los inmunosupresores para evitar el rechazo del injerto, constituyen una población especialmente susceptible a la infección y a desarrollar procesos más graves. Esta situación ha hecho que la Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM) y la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) junto con sus respectivos capítulos, hayan elaborado las siguientes recomendaciones para el personal médico, que participa en la atención de este grupo especial de pacientes en los diferentes escenarios clínicos, que padezcan o no, COVID-19.


Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic decreed by the World Health Organization (WHO) since March 12, 2020 is wreaking havoc globally and it is a true economic, social and health challenge. Although the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory symptoms, some patients also have cardiological symptoms. Among patients with cardiological conditions2 they represent a group of higher risk and, in fact, they are a particularly vulnerable group, due to their higher risk of contagion and greater severity in case of acquiring the disease1 those with heart failure (HF), including heart transplant (CT) and ventricular assists, as well as patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). HF is the main chronic cardiovascular disease and patients in this group are the most vulnerable for the development of more serious clinical symptoms after suffering the infection, and to a greater extent cases with advanced HF3. In fact, HF is one of the most frequent complications in patients with COVID-194. Likewise, transplant patients who require immunosuppressants to avoid graft rejection, constitute a population especially susceptible to infection and to develop more serious processes. This situation has made the National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico (ANCAM) and the Mexican Society of Cardiology (SMC) together with their respective chapters, have prepared the following recommendations for medical personnel, who participate in the care of this special group of patients in the different clinical settings, who suffer or not, of COVID-19.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Doenças Cardiovasculares/virologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Insuficiência Cardíaca/virologia , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Pandemias , COVID-19 , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , México
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