RESUMO
The aerial parts of Trixis pallida afforded seven known trixanolides (18-24) together with 17 new trixanolides (1-17). Their structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR techniques, while the absolute configuration of the trixane skeleton was determined using the Mosher method and turned out to be enantiomeric to that reported using the Horeau method. This result is further discussed from the biosynthetic point of view.
Assuntos
Asteraceae/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Argentina , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas , Conformação Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Sesquiterpenos/química , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho , EstereoisomerismoRESUMO
The aerial parts of an Argentinian collection of Acanthospermum hispidum afforded 26 sesquiterpene lactones, including the two guaianolides (1 and 2) having a novel oxygen bridge between C-4 and C-14, three new cis,cis-germacranolides (4, 7, and 8), and two new melampolides (25 and 26). Guaianolides 1 and 2 seem to derive biosynthetically from the germacranolide 27 having the (1)D(14, 15)D(5) conformation. The structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analysis.
Assuntos
Ésteres/isolamento & purificação , Furanos/isolamento & purificação , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Magnoliopsida/química , Argentina , Ésteres/química , Furanos/química , Lactonas/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância MagnéticaRESUMO
Epidemiological studies have shown that the haemostatic parameters Fibrinogen (Fg), Factor VII (F VII), Factor VIII (F VIII), von Willebrand factor (vWF), Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA), Plasminogen Activator Inhibitors (PAI) are risk factors/markers of ischemic cardiovascular disease. Ferritin (sFER) and Leukocytosis have also been implicated. In the present study we have followed the levels of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and thrombomodulin in relation to lipids, iron and the appearance of atherosclerotic lesions in New Zealand rabbits fed with a cholesterol enriched diet for a two-month period compared with a group of control rabbits. Hematocrit and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured in parallel. In hyperchlesterolemic rabbits the levels of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor increased progressively, showing a positive correlation with the increasing cholesterol levels. There was an increase in soluble thrombomodulin beginning at the eighth week of study. In addition, these animals showed gross intimal atherosclerotic lesions in the whole extension of their aortas. Immunohistochemical studies showed the presence of fibrin(ogen) related antigen throughout the arterial wall and in the central portions of the atheromas. In the control group there was no formation of atherosclerotic plaques and all haemostatic, haematological and biochemical parameters were within the normal range. WBC and sFER levels were unaffected in both groups. Our results show that increased levels of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, known coronary risk factors, are strongly associated with the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. The plaques contain a considerable amount of fibrinogen related antigen.
Assuntos
Arteriosclerose/complicações , Fibrinogênio/fisiologia , Hemostasia , Trombose/metabolismo , Fator de von Willebrand/metabolismo , Animais , Arteriosclerose/metabolismo , Arteriosclerose/patologia , Dieta Aterogênica , Ferritinas/análise , Hematócrito , Hipercolesterolemia/sangue , Contagem de Leucócitos , Coelhos , Fatores de Risco , Trombomodulina/metabolismo , Trombose/etiologia , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Túnica Íntima/metabolismo , Túnica Íntima/patologiaRESUMO
The flowers of Hyaloseris salicifolia afforded known ivasperin, while the leaves afforded ivasperin and 2-O-(6'-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-ivasperin, whose structure was determined by spectroscopic methods.
Assuntos
Asteraceae/química , Glucosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Asteraceae/classificação , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Glucosídeos/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Sesquiterpenos/químicaRESUMO
The roots of Croton sarcopetalus afforded three new diterpenoids (2-4) with a novel carbon skeleton that seems to be derived biosynthetically from a pimarane precursor. The essential oil of the roots gave trans-methylisoeugenol as the main constituent, along with 22 further compounds.
Assuntos
Diterpenos/química , Euphorbiaceae/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Peso Molecular , Raízes de Plantas/química , Espectrometria de Massas de Bombardeamento Rápido de Átomos , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho , Espectrofotometria UltravioletaRESUMO
Parasitism present in others of Periplaneta americana in 3 municipalities of Havana City was observed, and it was detected that Tetrastichus hagenowii (Ratz.) attained significant levels of parasitism for an average value of 21.5% in the oothecae revised. Their presence in locations where different pesticides are used and their biological characteristics give them the probability of being an efficient bioregulator of cockroaches.
Assuntos
Óvulo/parasitologia , Periplaneta/parasitologia , Animais , Cuba , Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Himenópteros , Periplaneta/embriologiaRESUMO
An immunoelectrophoretic study of serum from patients with non-treated recently acquired syphilis (RAS) is made for the first time in our country. Increases in IgM and IgG fractions were detected; the increase of the former exceeded to the latter in patients with cutaneous symptomatic recently acquired syphilis (CSRAS) in comparison with those having mucous cutaneous symptomatic recently acquired syphilis (MCSRAS). IgG were increased in 100% of patients with this latter disease, although both fractions were increased in patients with latent recently acquired syphilis (LRAS).