RESUMO
The paper presents the case of a female patient who was admitted to "Calixto García" General Hospital with respiratory distress and hypovolemic or septic shock. She was diagnosed with viral hemorrhagic pneumonia. From the endotracheal secretion taken as a sample, the influenza virus was isolated as etiological agent, which, through the hemaglutination inhibition technique, was characterized as a strain belonging to H3N2 subtype, very similar to strain A/Johannesburg/33/94 from the antigenic viewpoint. The patient recovered satisfactorily after being treated with rivabirin.
Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A , Influenza Humana/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/etiologia , Adulto , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Hemorragia/etiologia , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Influenza Humana/virologia , Pneumonia Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Ribavirina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
In November, 1996, there was an outbreak of acute respiratory infection in children under 3 in the province of Santiago de Cuba. 7 samples of nasopharyngeal exudates were received to determine the causal agent of the outbreak by indirect immunofluorescence technique (4 positive samples, 57.14%). They were inoculated in MDCK cells culture and those cases that presented positive hemadsorption (6 isolates, 85.71%) were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence techniques (6 positive samples, 100%) and immunoperoxidase (5 positive samples, 83.3%). All the positive samples were classified as influenza A (subtype H3N2) which confirms what is reported in literature in relation to the circulation of this virus during that year at the national and international level. This paper allowed to know the causal agent of the studied outbreak of acute respiratory infection and to determine the circulation of the influenza A subtype H3N2 in that province.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Doença Aguda , Pré-Escolar , Cuba/epidemiologia , Humanos , LactenteRESUMO
One hundred and fourty eight samples from patients with a symptomatology compatible with the influenza virus were studied aimed at identifying in a fast way these viruses. A rapid MDCK-L cell culture was developed on 96 well plates, where nasopharingeal exudates or gargarisms were inoculated and incubated all night long at 37 degrees C. The medium was removed and cells were washed with PBS and fixed with methanol. Viral antigens were detected through the immunoperoxidase staining by using two monoclonal antibody pools for the identification of influenza A and influenza B viruses. The HA1-71 monoclonal antibody, specific for influenza A (H3N2) and the HA2-76, which react with both A (H3N2) and A (H1N1) were used for subtyping. Of all the positive samples (136), 72% corresponded to type A while 34.6% and 37.5% corresponded to subtypes H1 and H3, respectively. Influenza B was detected in 27.9% of the 148 samples studied. Only 12 were negative (8.1%). The use of this technique is recommended as a rapid, convenient and sensitive method that is easy to carry put and to interpretate for the detection and characterization in type and subtype of the influenza viruses starting from the nasopharyngeal exudates or gargarisms.
Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Influenza B/isolamento & purificação , Líquido da Lavagem Nasal/virologia , Nasofaringe/virologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Cães , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Nasofaringe/metabolismoRESUMO
The immunoperoxidase method for the rapid classification of influenza viruses in type and subtype was applied and validated for the first time in Cuba. The method is based on a rapid culture in MDCK-L cells and on the use of monoclonal antibodies for the classification in type and subtype. A pool of antibodies against influenza A and another against influenza B and HA1-71 and HA2-76 monoclonal antibodies are used for the subtyping in H1 and H3. The validation was carried out by applying this method to 21 international reference strains and to 23 human influenza virus strains that were isolated and previously classified by hemagglutination inhibition. All the strains reacted to the monoclonal antibodies according to their hemagglutinin type and subtype. 6 reference strains and 9 isolations were characterized within the H1N1 subtype: 9 reference strains and 10 isolations in the H3N2 subtype; and 6 reference strains and 4 isolations in type B. There were neither unspecific nor crossed reactions among the controls established. There was 100% of sensitivity, specificity and coincidence. The technique used proved to be fast and convenient for the characterization in type and subtype of the isolated influenza virus strains. It may substitute the classic hemagglutination inhibition method when it is required the rapid characterization of outbreaks or epidemics of acute respiratory infections, which is very important due to the high morbidity they cause mainly in risk groups and to their economic repercussion.