RESUMO
The development of visual sensors for traffic analysis can benefit from mimicking two fundamental aspects of the visual system of crabs: their panoramic vision and their visual processing strategy adapted to a flat world. First, the use of omnidirectional cameras in urban environments allows for analyzing the simultaneous movement of many objects of interest over broad areas. This would reduce the costs and complications associated with infrastructure: installation, synchronization, maintenance, and operation of traditional vision systems that use multiple cameras with a limited field of view. Second, in urban traffic analysis, the objects of interest (e.g. vehicles and pedestrians) move on the ground surface. This constraint allows the calculation of the 3D trajectory of the vehicles using a single camera without the need to use binocular vision techniques.The main contribution of this work is to show that the strategy used by crabs to visually analyze their habitat (monocular omnidirectional vision with the assumption of a flat world ) is useful for developing a simple and effective method to estimate the speed of vehicles on long trajectories in urban environments. It is shown that the proposed method estimates the speed with a root mean squared error of 2.7 km h-1.
Assuntos
Braquiúros , Dispositivos Ópticos , Animais , Visão Ocular , Visão Monocular , MovimentoRESUMO
The sterile insect technique may prove useful for the suppression of mosquito vectors of medical importance in regions where arboviruses pose a serious public health threat. In the present study, we examined the effects of sterilizing irradiation doses across different ratios of fertile:irradiated males on the mating competitiveness of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus under laboratory and field-cage conditions. For both species, the percentage of females inseminated and the number of eggs laid over two gonotrophic cycles varied significantly in mating treatments involving 1:1, 1:5, and 1:10 fertile:irradiated males compared to controls of entirely fertile or entirely irradiated males but was not generally affected by the irradiation dose. Egg hatching was negatively affected in females exposed to increasing proportions of irradiated males in both laboratory and field cages. Male competitiveness (Fried's index) values varied from 0.19 to 0.58 in the laboratory and were between 0.09 and 1.0 in field cages, depending on th species. Competitiveness values were negatively affected by th eirradiation dose in both species under field-cage conditions, whereas in the laboratory, Ae. albopictus was sensitive to the dose but Ae. aegypti was not. In general, male competitiveness was similar across all mating regimes. Most importantly, induced egg sterility was positively correlated with the proportion of irradiated males present in the mating treatments, reaching a maximum of 88% under field-cage conditions for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus males treated with 50 and 40 Gy irradiation, respectively. These results indicate that sterile males produced at our facility are suitable and competitive enough for field pilot SIT projects and provide guidance to decide the optimal sterile:fertile ratios.
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BACKGROUND: Thrombophilia is an alteration of hemostasis that increases the risk to venous or arterial thrombosis. This condition may be the underlying cause of retinal vein thrombosis. AIM: To study the presence of thrombophilia in patients with retinal vein thrombosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective study of 55 patients aged 22 to 86 years, with retinal vein thrombosis (central or branch). Antithrombin III, coagulant protein C, functional protein S, resistance to activated C protein, homocysteine, prothrombin G20210A gene, lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies were measured in all. RESULTS: Seventeen patients had thrombophilic markers (antiphospholipid syndrome in seven, hyperhomocysteinemia in six and resistance to protein C in three). Of these 17 patients, 53% had high blood pressure, 35% an abnormal serum lipid profile and 23% a personal history of thrombosis. The thrombosis was central in 12 (ischemic in four) and of a branch in five (ischemic in two). CONCLUSIONS: Thrombophilic markers must be assessed in patients with retinal vein thrombosis.
Assuntos
Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/etiologia , Trombofilia/complicações , Resistência à Proteína C Ativada/complicações , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Testes de Coagulação Sanguínea , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Deficiência de Proteína S/sangue , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/sangue , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Trombofilia/sangueAssuntos
Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Feminino , Oftalmopatias , Otopatias , SíndromeRESUMO
Se realiza la novedosa técnica del recambio de vítreo líquido por gas expansible, seguida de posición prona postoperatoria, en 17 pacientes con desprendimiento retinal por agujero macular en altos miopes. Se obtuvo éxito en 10 casos y otros 4 fueron exitosos a expensas de recurrir a la vitrectomía instrumental vía pars plana con inyección de gas preoperatoria. Se enfatiza los grandes beneficios operativos y funcionales de esta técnica
Assuntos
Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Corpo Vítreo/cirurgia , Descolamento Retiniano/cirurgia , Vitrectomia/métodosRESUMO
Se presentan 6 casos de lesiones bi-occipito-parietales, 5 de ellos de origen vascular; se detaca la existencia de 3 casos de hemorragias intracerebrales bilaterales simultáneas. El cuadro inicial fue de compromiso de conciencia (delirio agudo en uno de ellos) asociado a defecto visuales que llegaron hasta la ceguera cortical transitoria. Posteriormente se comprobaron múltiples defectos visulaes (agnosias, negligencia unilateral,alexias), del manejo de relaciones espaciales (apraxias constructivas, acalculias, desorientación derecha-izquierda, ataxia óptica de la mano, etc.) y de la memoria. Existen formas de transición entre la amnesia hipocámpica, las agnosias visuales y los síndromes bi-parieto-occipitales
Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Hemorragia Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Percepção VisualRESUMO
Se describen las características clínicas y los resultados quirúrgicos en un grupo de 41 pacientes con un desprendimiento retinal inducido por un pelotazo en el juego del fútbol (39 pacientes), baloncesto (1 paciente) y voleibol (1 paciente). El período de latencia entre el trauma y el desprendimiento retinal fue inferior a 1 semana en 18 casos, sugiriendo que los desgarros se generan en el momento del impacto La mayor parte de los pacientes presentaban diálisis y desgarros superotemporales. Desgarro en herradura sólo se observó en un ojo miope. El impacto provocó un desgarro retinal gigante en un ojo alto miope. Se obtuvo la reaplicación retinal quirúrgica en 38 de 41 casos (92.7%). 60% de los casos mostraron maculopatía de grado variable. La visión final fue inferior a 0.1 en 6 casos con retina aplicada. Estos casos presentaban un desprendimiento retinal muy antiguo o una severa maculopatía