RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Therapeutic measures have been successful in increasing survival rates and quality of life of HIV/AIDS-infected people. However, some people fail to respond to antiretroviral therapy (HAART) because of viral resistance-associated mutations. OBJECTIVE: To identify virus genotype and the presence of mutations that alter the susceptibility to HAART, and factors associated with the occurrence of these mutations. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adults living with HIV attending a specialized outpatient clinic in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil. The participants were interviewed and had blood samples collected for analysis. Those with detectable viral load were genotyped. RESULTS: Out of the 629 patients recruited, 127 subjects were included due to having a detectable viral load. The most common mutations were M184V and K103N. HIV-1 subtype C was the most prevalent strain. Resistance to HAART was associated with modification in the treatment regimen (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the circulating subtype virus was subtype C and that the mutations K103N and M184V were the most prevalent strains in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil.

RESUMO

The enteric viruses are present in the gastrointestinal tract of infected individuals, being eliminated in fecesin large quantities and can directly or indirectly contaminate water intended for human consumption.Humans are the only natural hosts for hepatitis A. Detection of coliphages and phage of Shigella sonnei inwater may indicate the presence of these viruses. In the present study was done the presumptive laboratorydiagnosis of an outbreak of hepatitis A through search of bacteriophages in a sample of well water and thestudy of survival of shigelafagos in water. The analysis revealed positive for phages of S. sonnei and negativefor coliphages. For the tests of survival, the presence of phages of S. sonnei was detected in naturallycontaminated well water until the ninth day of storage at room temperature.

Os vírus entéricos, quando presentes no trato gastrointestinal de indivíduos infectados, são eliminadospelas fezes em grandes quantidades podendo contaminar, direta ou indiretamente, as águas destinadasao consumo humano. O ser humano é o único hospedeiro natural do vírus da hepatite A. A detecção decolifago e de fago de Shigella sonnei em água pode ser indicativa da presença destes vírus. No presenteestudo foi realizado o diagnóstico laboratorial presuntivo de um surto de hepatite A, pela pesquisa de bacteriófagos,em uma amostra de água de poço e o estudo da sobrevivência dos fagos de S. sonnei em água.A análise revelou resultado positivo para fagos de Shigella e negativo para colifagos. Quanto aos ensaios desobrevivência, a presença dos fagos de S. sonnei foi detectada na água do poço naturalmente contaminadaaté o nono dia de conservação em temperatura ambiente.