RESUMO
Bacteria blight is one of the most serious bacterial diseases of rice worldwide. The identification of genetic potential against bacterial blight in the existing rice resources is a prerequisite to develop multigenic resistance to combat the threat of climate change. This investigation was conducted to evaluate alleles variation in 38 Malaysian cultivars using thirteen Simple Sequences Repeats markers and one Sequence Tagged Sites (STS) marker which were reported to be linked with the resistance to bacterial blight. Based on molecular data, a dendrogram was constructed which classified the rice cultivars into seven major clusters at 0.0, 0.28 and 0.3 of similarity coefficient. Cluster 5 was the largest group comprised of ten rice cultivars where multiple genes were identified. However, xa13 could not be detected in the current rice germplasm, whereas xa2 was detected in 25 cultivars. Molecular analysis revealed that Malaysian rice cultivars possess multigenic resistance.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas , Oryza , Genes de Plantas , Oryza/genética , Infecções Bacterianas/genética , Doenças das Plantas/genética , Resistência à Doença/genéticaRESUMO
Bacteria blight is one of the most serious bacterial diseases of rice worldwide. The identification of genetic potential against bacterial blight in the existing rice resources is a prerequisite to develop multigenic resistance to combat the threat of climate change. This investigation was conducted to evaluate alleles variation in 38 Malaysian cultivars using thirteen Simple Sequences Repeats markers and one Sequence Tagged Sites (STS) marker which were reported to be linked with the resistance to bacterial blight. Based on molecular data, a dendrogram was constructed which classified the rice cultivars into seven major clusters at 0.0, 0.28 and 0.3 of similarity coefficient. Cluster 5 was the largest group comprised of ten rice cultivars where multiple genes were identified. However, xa13 could not be detected in the current rice germplasm, whereas xa2 was detected in 25 cultivars. Molecular analysis revealed that Malaysian rice cultivars possess multigenic resistance.
A ferrugem bacteriana é uma das doenças bacterianas mais graves do arroz em todo o mundo. A identificação do potencial genético contra a ferrugem bacteriana nos recursos de arroz existentes é um pré-requisito para desenvolver resistência multigênica no combate à ameaça da mudança climática. Esta investigação foi conduzida para avaliar a variação de alelos em 38 cultivares da Malásia usando 13 marcadores Simple Sequences Repeats (SSR) e 1 marcador Sequence Tagged Sites (STS), que foram relatados como associados à resistência à ferrugem bacteriana. Com base em dados moleculares, foi construído um dendrograma que classificou as cultivares de arroz em sete grandes agrupamentos a 0,0, 0,28 e 0,3 de coeficiente de similaridade. O Cluster 5 foi o maior grupo composto por 10 cultivares de arroz, no qual múltiplos genes foram identificados. No entanto, xa13 não pôde ser detectado no germoplasma atual de arroz, enquanto xa2 foi detectado em 25 cultivares. A análise molecular revelou que as cultivares de arroz da Malásia possuem resistência multigênica.
Assuntos
Oryza/imunologia , Oryza/microbiologia , Ferrobactérias , Sitios de Sequências Rotuladas , Repetições de Microssatélites , MalásiaRESUMO
The study was undertaken from September 2018 to April 2019 to determine the prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in human beings living in six districts of Karachi. Suspected persons were screened for the disease and positive cases were identified on the basis of skin lesions and blood samples. Samples were observed by mounting their smear. A total of 207 subjects of different ages and sex groups were investigated, however, only 192 (92%) of the suspected cases were found to have the disease 64% of cases were male which were significantly high (p 0.05), than female 36%. The lesion was more frequently detected among the youth ages of 21-30 years (31%) as compared to other groups. In both sexes, legs were found to be more infected (25% male + 20% female) followed by arms (20% male + 0% female) and face (15% male +11% female). The mixed body parts had shown the lowest infections such as (4% in males + 5%) in females. In conclusion, the highest and lowest leishmaniasis infections were observed in District West (23% male + 9% female) followed by District East (15% male + 7% female), District Malir (11% male+ 4% female), District Central (7% male + 5% female), District Korangi (4% male + 7% female) and District South (4% male + 4% female) respectively.