RESUMO
According to the World Health Organization Expert Consultation, current body mass index (BMI) cut-offs should be retained as an international classification. However, there are ethnic differences in BMI-associated health risks that may be caused by differences in body fat or skeletal muscle mass and these may affect the interpretation of phase angle and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare body composition measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis among 1048 German, 1026 Mexican, and 995 Japanese adults encompassing a wide range of ages and BMIs (18-78 years; BMI, 13.9-44.3 kg/m2). Regression analyses between body composition parameters and BMI were used to predict ethnic-specific reference values at the standard BMI cut-offs of 18.5, 25, and 30 kg/m2. German men and women had a higher fat-free mass per fat mass compared with Mexicans. Normal-weight Japanese were similar to Mexicans but approached the German phenotype with increasing BMI. The skeletal muscle index (SMI, kg/m2) was highest in Germans, whereas in BIVA, the Mexican group had the longest vector, and the Japanese group had the lowest phase angle and the highest extracellular/total body water ratio. Ethnic differences in regional partitioning of fat and muscle mass at the trunk and the extremities contribute to differences in BIVA and phase angle. In conclusion, not only the relationship between BMI and adiposity is ethnic specific; in addition, fat distribution, SMI, and muscle mass distribution vary at the same BMI. These results emphasize the need for ethnic-specific normal values in the diagnosis of obesity and sarcopenia.
Assuntos
Composição Corporal , Índice de Massa Corporal , Impedância Elétrica , Etnicidade , Tecido Adiposo/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Antropometria , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Alemanha/etnologia , Humanos , Japão/etnologia , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Valores de Referência , Análise de Regressão , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Se presenta el caso de una niña recién nacida con atresia ósea bilateral de las coanas, que fue intervenida quirúrgicamente a las 17 horas de su nacimiento, colocándosele canalización de coanas. Tuvo buena evolución postoperatoria hasta el octavo mes de edad, fecha en la que se le detectó microcefalia y ausencia del cuerpo calloso. A los 20 meses de edad aun sin haber continuado su tratamiento, la paciente presentaba la coana derecha parcialmente estenosada y la izquierda libre
Assuntos
Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Feminino , Atresia das Cóanas/cirurgiaRESUMO
Se presentan dos casos de epiglotitis aguda del adulto manejados en forma conservadora sin que requirieran traqueostomía o intubación endotraqueal. Se señalan las sugerencias para el manejo y vigilancia de estos pacientes