RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cancer are serious public health problems worldwide. However, little is known about the risk factors of in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients with and without cancer in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients with and without cancer and to compare mortality according to gender and topography during the year 2020 in Brazil. METHODS: This was a secondary data study of hospitalized adult patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 by real-time polymerase chain reaction testing in Brazil. The data were collected from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. RESULTS: This study analyzed data from 322,817 patients. The prevalence of cancer in patients with COVID-19 was 2.3%. COVID-19 patients with neurological diseases and cancer had the most lethal comorbidities in both sexes. COVID-19 patients with cancer were more likely to be older (median age, 67 vs 62 years; P < .001), to have a longer hospital stay (13.1 vs 11.5 days; P < .001), to be admitted to the intensive care unit (45.3% vs 39.6%; P < .001), to receive more invasive mechanical ventilation (27.1% vs 21.9%), and to have a higher risk of death (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83-2.06; P < .001) than those without cancer. Patients with hematological neoplasia (aOR, 2.85; 95% CI, 2.41-3.38; P < .001) had a higher risk of mortality than those with solid tumors (aOR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.72-1.95; P < .001) in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: Brazilian COVID-19 patients with cancer have higher disease severity and a higher risk of mortality than those without cancer.
Assuntos
COVID-19/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/imunologia , COVID-19/terapia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Comorbidade , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/tendências , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/imunologia , Prevalência , Respiração Artificial/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da quimioterapia antineoplásica na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde QVRS de idosos. MÉTODO: Foi analisada uma série de casos de idosos submetidos a quimioterapia antineoplásica, selecionados por amostra não probabilística do tipo tempo-local no período de agosto a dezembro de 2012. Foram incluídos idosos em tratamento quimioterápico e excluídos aqueles com indicação de radioterapia concomitante à quimioterapia. Para avaliação da QVRS, foi utilizado o European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire "core" 30 item EORTC-QLQ-C30, aplicado antes e cerca de dois meses após o início da quimioterapia. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada por meio da comparação das médias dos escores antes e depois da quimioterapia, por meio do teste t Student. RESULTADOS: Dos 31 pacientes observados, 58,1% eram do sexo feminino. As neoplasias mais frequentes foram: mama 32,3%, pulmão 22,6% e próstata 16,1%, sendo que 51,6% tinham o estadiamento clínico TNM IV. Para os 28 pacientes avaliados na segunda entrevista, o domínio "desempenho físico" teve variação da média "antes" e "depois" estatisticamente significante p=0,008, enquanto o domínio "estado de saúde geral/QV" teve média na primeira entrevista de 69,3 pontos e, após dois meses, 64,3 pontos sem diferença estatística p=0,413. Quando se analisou a QVRS por tipo de tumor, houve piora significativa nas médias dos escores no domínio "estado de saúde geral/QV" para os pacientes com neoplasia da próstata p=0,042. CONCLUSÃO: A quimioterapia piorou o desempenho físico sem modificar o estado geral de saúde de idosos, exceto para os pacientes com neoplasia da próstata.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate cancer chemotherapy effects on health related quality of life HRQoL of elderly METHOD: A series of cases were analyzed on elderly undergoing anticancer chemotherapy selected by non-probability sample of the standard time-place from August to December 2012. The study included individuals undergoing chemotherapy and excluded those with indication for radiotherapy with chemotherapy. To evaluate HRQoL, we applied the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire "core" 30 item EORTC-QLQ-C30 before and two months after starting chemotherapy. The quality of life was assessed by comparing the mean scores before and after chemotherapy by Student t test. RESULTS: Of 31 patients observed, 58.1% were female. The most common cancer types were breast 32.3%, lung 22.6% and prostate 16.1%, and 51.6% were TNM IV classification. Of the 28 patients evaluated in the second interview, the domain "physical functioning" mean was statistically significant between "before" and "after" p=0.008 when evaluated all patients, while the domain "global health status/QoL" mean was 69.3 points in the first interview and 64.3 points after two months, with no statistical difference p=0.413. When assessed by type of cancer, there was a worsening in mean scores in the domain "global health status/QoL", in patients with prostate cancer p=0.042. CONCLUSION: Cancer chemotherapy worsened physical functioning without modifying the overall health status of the elderly, except for patients with prostate cancer.