RESUMO
The objectives were to study: (1) acceptance of STD screening in non-clinical settings for asymptomatic individuals; (2) risk factors and STD prevalence among individuals in non-clinical and clinical settings; and (3) non-clinical screening of asymptomatic populations as a feasible method for STD control. We recruited 139 males and 486 females between 18 and 30 years of age from a family planning clinic, schools, and community centers in low-income neighborhoods. We asked about STD symptoms and STD/HIV risk behaviors and tested the individuals for gonorrhea, Chlamydia, syphilis, and HIV. Except for HIV, women recruited directly from the community had higher STD rates than those who came in for care at the clinic. Screening in non-clinical settings in Brazil is feasible and has a high yield among young adults in low-income communities. Infected participants would likely never have otherwise sought care or been tested or treated. STD control efforts could be implemented in any site that can reach populations at risk and become a routine procedure in health care settings where people report for problems unrelated to STDs.
Assuntos
Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Sexual , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial , Brasil/epidemiologia , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/psicologia , Prevalência , Projetos de Pesquisa , Gestão de Riscos , Distribuição por Sexo , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/prevenção & controleRESUMO
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar (1) a aceitacão de rastreamento para DST em ambientes não clínicos por indivíduos assintomáticos, (2) os fatores de risco e prevalência de DST em ambientes não clínicos e clínicos e (3) o rastreamento não clínico de populacões assintomáticas como um método viável para controle das DST. Recrutamos 139 participantes masculinos e 486 femininos entre 18 e 30 anos em clínica de planejamento familiar, escolas e comunidades de baixa renda. Inquirimos os recrutados sobre sintomas de DST e comportamentos de risco para DST/HIV e os testamos para gonorréia, clamídia, sífilis e HIV. Exceto pelo HIV, as mulheres recrutadas diretamente da comunidade apresentavam maior prevalência de DST do que as que procuravam a clínica. O rastreamento das DST em ambientes não clínicos no Brasil é aceitável e vantajoso para jovens em comunidades de baixa renda. Participantes infectados provavelmente nunca teriam procurado assistência, sido testados ou tratados. Medidas para o controle das DST podem ser implementadas em qualquer lugar onde se alcancem as populacões de risco e transformadas em rotina nos servicos de saúde, mesmo entre indivíduos com problemas não relacionados com DST.
Assuntos
Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Comportamento Sexual , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify possible associations between working conditions and health among correctional officers in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The study used a stratified proportional random sample of 311 individuals who answered a non-identifiable self-applied questionnaire. The following results were obtained by logistic regression: (a) psychologically inadequate workplace, insufficient basic work conditions, no leisure time, lack of sports practice, >/=nine years working in the prison system, excessive work hours, >/=48 hours work/week, and inadequate organizational conditions at work were associated with minor psychological disorders; (b) lack of specific training, female gender, >/=48 hours work/week, psychologically inadequate workplace, no leisure time, and lack of sports practice were associated with persistent stress, (c) age >/=45 years, >/=nine years working in the prison system, excessive work hours, lack of sports practice, inadequate basic and organizational work conditions, and minor psychological disorders were associated with health complaints.
Assuntos
Doenças Profissionais/psicologia , Prisões , Estresse Psicológico/etiologia , Local de Trabalho , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Carga de TrabalhoRESUMO
A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify possible associations between working conditions and health among correctional officers in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The study used a stratified proportional random sample of 311 individuals who answered a non-identifiable self-applied questionnaire. The following results were obtained by logistic regression: (a) psychologically inadequate workplace, insufficient basic work conditions, no leisure time, lack of sports practice, >/=nine years working in the prison system, excessive work hours, >/=48 hours work/week, and inadequate organizational conditions at work were associated with minor psychological disorders; (b) lack of specific training, female gender, >/=48 hours work/week, psychologically inadequate workplace, no leisure time, and lack of sports practice were associated with persistent stress, (c) age >/=45 years, >/=nine years working in the prison system, excessive work hours, lack of sports practice, inadequate basic and organizational work conditions, and minor psychological disorders were associated with health complaints.