RESUMO
We compared population-based prevalence rates of unilateral hearing loss among African-American, Cuban-American, Mexican-American, Puerto Rican, and non-Hispanic White children 6 to 19 yr of age. The prevalence (per thousand) of overall hearing loss (average decibel HTL >30) ranged from 6.4 in Mexican-Americans to 12.3 in Cuban-Americans. The prevalence of moderate to profound unilateral hearing loss (average decibel HTL >50) ranged from 0.0 in Cuban-Americans to 5.2 in Puerto Ricans. No statistically significant age or gender differences were found within any of the ethnic groups. Among these five ethnic groups, it is estimated that approximately 391,000 school-aged children in the United States have unilateral hearing loss.
Assuntos
Nível de Saúde , Perda Auditiva/epidemiologia , Hispânico ou Latino , Estado Nutricional , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adolescente , Audiometria de Tons Puros , Limiar Auditivo , Criança , Cuba/etnologia , Feminino , Perda Auditiva/diagnóstico , Perda Auditiva/etnologia , Humanos , Masculino , México/etnologia , Prevalência , Porto Rico/etnologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Sociodemographic and educational correlates of hearing loss were examined in Cuban-American, Mexican-American and Puerto Rican children 6-19 years of age. Logistic regression analyses indicated a greater risk of bilateral hearing loss among children living in crowded housing conditions or without health insurance, as well as among those who were below expected school grade level and whose parents reported low educational attainment levels. However, the strengths of these associations were small to moderate in magnitude and were not always consistent across the ethnic subgroups. These findings provide some evidence that hearing-impaired Hispanic children are more likely to reside in economically disadvantaged families and to be below their expected school grade level.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Audição/epidemiologia , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Classe Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Cuba/etnologia , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Transtornos da Audição/etnologia , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , México/etnologia , Razão de Chances , Prevalência , Porto Rico/etnologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Estudos de Amostragem , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were employed to investigate the prevalence of hearing loss and hearing aid use in Mexican-American, Cuban-American, and Puerto Rican adults. Hearing loss was 6 to 14 times more prevalent in older (ages 54 to 74) vs younger (ages 20 through 34) subjects. Cuban Americans and Mexican Americans tended to have a similar prevalence of hearing loss, whereas Puerto Ricans had markedly lower rates. Mexican-American men had higher rates of hearing loss than Mexican-American women. The prevalence of hearing aid use among hearing-impaired individuals ranged from 2% to 11%. Implications for future research are discussed.