RESUMO
La diabetes mellitus es el trastorno endocrino metabólico más frecuente en el mundo y en nuestro medio. La función sexual en la mujer con DM ha sido poco estudiada y las investigaciones al respecto son poco concluyentes. A los efectos de estudiar la disfunción sexual en la mujer con DM tipo 2 y si ésta se relaciona con marcadores de complicación orgánica, se diseño el presente trabajo y los resultados evidencia que la disminución de la frecuencia sexual después del diagnóstico de DM tipo 2 y la disminución de la lubricación vaginal, son los hallazgos más frecuentes
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Lubrificação , Fatores Sexuais , Mulheres , Medicina , VenezuelaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Dopamine exerts inhibitory and excitatory effects on different systems. Its effect on human bronchial tone is controversial. It has been reported that dopamine has no acute effect on human airways from normal subjects or those with asthma background. However, inhaled or infused dopamine decreased histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in both normal and asthmatic subjects. METHODS: We examined the possible modulating effect of dopamine on bronchial diameter by administering inhaled dopamine and the DA(2) dopaminergic blocker metoclopramide (MTC) to subjects with various degrees of bronchial tone. We examined 50 volunteers. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were determined in each subject. By means of spirometry, we measured forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV(1)), maximal forced expiratory flow (FEF(max)), and forced expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FEF(50)), before and after each treatment. By inhalation with a nebulizer, we administered the following: a) dopamine (0.5 microg/kg/min) to 10 healthy subjects, 10 subjects with asthma without acute bronchospasm (AWAB), and nine subjects with acute asthma attack (AAA), and b) intravenous (i.v.) metoclopramide (7 microg/kg/min) was administered to 10 healthy subjects and 11 subjects with AWAB. For ethical reasons, MTC was not used in subjects with acute asthma attack. Non-parametric Wilcoxon test for paired samples, ANOVA test, and Bonferroni multiple comparison test were performed. Inhaled dopamine increased FEV(1) and FVC, FEF(max), and FEF(50) in the AAA group, but there were no modifications in the healthy group or in the AWAB group. Metoclopramide did not induce changes in respiratory parameters in healthy individuals or in those with AWAB. CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled dopamine is able to induce bronchodilatation when the bronchial tone is already increased by acute asthma attack but did not modify the resting bronchial tone in normal subjects or in asthmatics without acute bronchospasm. Additionally, DA(2) blockade with metoclopramide did not modify resting bronchial tone. Dopamine exerts a modulatory effect on the bronchial tone of human airways depending on the degree of preexisting tone.
Assuntos
Brônquios/fisiologia , Dopamina/fisiologia , Tono Muscular/fisiologia , Músculo Liso Vascular/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Metoclopramida/administração & dosagemRESUMO
To determine:1. The probable bronchodilating effect of dopamine administered by inhalation route in patients with crisis of bronchial asthma and 2. The effect of dopamine on bronchial motor tone. We have studied eighteen (18) patients with crisis of bronchial asthma, ten 8109 subjects with bronchial hyperreactivity and ten (10) healthy subjects. Patients with other pulmonary or cardiac disease were excluded. All received by inhalation route: 1) Placebo 0.9 per cent salive solution), 2)dopamine a 0.5 µg/kg./min. (ciontrolled by heart rate and arterial pressure with a dynamap) and Placebo. Respiratory parameters: forceed expiratory volume at the first second (FEV1), forced maximal expiratory flow (FEXmax) and forced expiratory flow at the 50 per cent of vital capacity (FEF50) were measured in each protocol period. Student's paired test, Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney analysis were performed. After dopamine inhalation there was an increased of FVC by 23 per cent (p=.005); an incerased of FEV1 by 39 per cent (p=.0004); and increase of FEFmax by 31 per cent (p=.001) There were no respiratory parameter changes in both, subjects with bronchial hyperactivity and normals after dopamine inhalation. Inhaled dopamine induces brochodilatory effcts in patiens with crisis of brochial asthma,2) Inhaled dopamine neither alter basl bronchial tone in healthy subjects nor in subjects with bronchial hyperreactivity