RESUMO
Pleomorphic adenoma, considered the most frequent benign mixed neoplasm of the minor salivary glands, occurs mainly in the region of the hard palate, with slight predilection in females and peak of incidence between the third and fifth decades of life. An increase in recurrence rates has been associated with the histopathological variants of the tumor, cellular characteristics, stroma, and capsule rupture during surgical removal of the lesion. The present case report aims to describe the surgical approach performed on the patient, a 45-year-old woman with a recurrent Pleomorphic Adenoma (PA) in the region of the hard palate on the right side, 10 years after initial enucleation of the lesion; her main complaint was an increase in volume in the palatal region. After extensive local surgical excision of the tumor and 2 years of follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence. Computed tomography and a correct histopathological diagnosis are essential to enable the establishment of an appropriate surgical treatment, with the purpose of achieving complete removal of the lesion, with wide surgical margins, including the lining mucosa and the underlying periosteum, as described in the present case.
RESUMO
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease induced by bacteria in plaque biofilm on the surface subgingival. The inflammation leads to pocket formation in the gingival tissue, attachment loss, bone destruction and ultimately possible tooth loss. The prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) is 30% to 40%, and individuals in the next 30-40 years the percentage is about 100%. Authors suggest that periodontal disease in DS is consistent with the pattern of aggressive periodontitis, and is correlated with changes in the immune system of the same. In view of these changes, many researchers seek methods to supporting basic periodontal therapy such as combination with antibiotics, but their indiscriminate use can lead to resistant bacteria strains. Photodynamic therapy, a combination of photosensitizing agent or dye to a light source, and has been extensively studied with promising results. The present report deals with photodynamic therapy in the treatment of periodontal disease in an individual with Down syndrome.
A periodontite é uma doença inflamatória induzida por bactérias do biofilme da placa bacteriana localizadas na superfície subgengival. A inflamação conduz a formação de bolsa no tecido gengival, perda de inserção, destruição óssea e ultimamente uma possível perda dentária. A prevalência de doença periodontal em adolescentes com síndrome de Down (SD) é de 30% a 40%, sendo que em indivíduos próximos aos 30 ao 40 anos a porcentagem é de cerca de 100%. Autores sugerem que a doença periodontal na SD é compatível com o padrão de periodontite agressiva, e tem relação com as alterações no sistema imunes dos mesmos. Em vista destas alterações, muitos pesquisadores buscam métodos coadjuvantes à terapia periodontal básica, como associação com antibióticos, porém seu uso indiscriminado pode levar à resistência das cepas bacterianas. A terapia fotodinâmica, associação agente fotossensibilizador a uma fonte de luz, vem sendo muito estudado e com resultados promissores. O presente relato aborda a terapia fotodinâmica no tratamento da doença periodontal em um individuo com síndrome de Down.