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Cryptococcosis is a systemic mycosis that causes pneumonia and meningoencephalitis. Strongyloidiasis is a chronic gastrointestinal infection caused by parasites of the genus Strongyloides. Cryptococcosis and strongyloidiasis affect the lungs and are more prevalent in the same world regions, i.e., Africa and tropical countries such as Brazil. It is undeniable that those coincidences may lead to the occurrence of coinfections. However, there are no studies focused on the interaction between Cryptococcus spp. and Strongyloides spp. In this work, we aimed to investigate the interaction between Strongyloides venezuelensis (Sv) and Cryptococcus gattii (Cg) in a murine coinfection model. Murine macrophage exposure to Sv antigens reduced their ability to engulf Cg and produce reactive oxygen species, increasing the ability of fungal growth intracellularly. We then infected mice with both pathogens. Sv infection skewed the host's response to fungal infection, increasing lethality in a murine coinfection model. In addition to increased NO levels and arginase activity, coinfected mice presented a classic Th2 anti-Sv response: eosinophilia, higher levels of alternate activated macrophages (M2), increased concentrations of CCL24 and IL-4, and lower levels of IL-1ß. This milieu favored fungal growth in the lungs with prominent translocation to the brain, increasing the host's tissue damage. In conclusion, our data shows that primary Sv infection promotes Th2 bias of the pulmonary response to Cg-infection and worsens its pathological outcomes.

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Cholangiocarcinomas are neoplasms originating from the biliary epithelium. This report describes the gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical findings in a case of cholangiocarcinoma in an Australian goose (Cereopsisnovaehollandiae). The animal had cachexia and ascites. The liver and gallbladder had cystic masses that was diagnosed as acholangiocarcinoma.

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Cholangiocarcinomas are neoplasms originating from the biliary epithelium. This report describes the gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical findings in a case of cholangiocarcinoma in an Australian goose (Cereopsisnovaehollandiae). The animal had cachexia and ascites. The liver and gallbladder had cystic masses that was diagnosed as acholangiocarcinoma.(AU)

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Background: Bluetongue (BT) is a viral disease transmitted by hematophagous vectors of the genus Culicoides. In Brazil, the identification of antibodies against the virus has been held for over thirty years, however clinicopathological diagnosis of the disease are scarce. The first reported case occurred in the state of Paraná in 2001, confirmed by isolation and identification of serotype 12 of BTV. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2009, two outbreaks confirmed and was identified the serotype 12. Serotype 4 was isolated during an outbreak in the state of Rio de Janeiro in 2013. This study describes the Diagnoses of ovine infection by the serotype-4 bluetongue virus in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Case: In a farm in the Southern region of the state of Minas Gerais, a group of 28 male sheep, was sent for necropsy at the Setor de Patologia Veterinária of Universidade Federal de Lavras (SPV-UFLA). In a flock of 80 male sheep 28 died with clinical signs of respiratory distress, whereas other showed signs of anemia and hypoproteinemia, cough, sneezing, prostration, fever, mucopurulent nasal discharge, anemia and submandibular edema. At necropsy, the main changes observed were cranioventral pulmonary consolidation, hemorrhage at the base of the pulmonary artery and ulcerating lesions in the hard palate mucosa, rumen and reticulum. The histological changes consisted of bacterial [...]

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RESUMO

Background: Bluetongue (BT) is a viral disease transmitted by hematophagous vectors of the genus Culicoides. In Brazil, the identification of antibodies against the virus has been held for over thirty years, however clinicopathological diagnosis of the disease are scarce. The first reported case occurred in the state of Paraná in 2001, confirmed by isolation and identification of serotype 12 of BTV. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2009, two outbreaks confirmed and was identified the serotype 12. Serotype 4 was isolated during an outbreak in the state of Rio de Janeiro in 2013. This study describes the Diagnoses of ovine infection by the serotype-4 bluetongue virus in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Case: In a farm in the Southern region of the state of Minas Gerais, a group of 28 male sheep, was sent for necropsy at the Setor de Patologia Veterinária of Universidade Federal de Lavras (SPV-UFLA). In a flock of 80 male sheep 28 died with clinical signs of respiratory distress, whereas other showed signs of anemia and hypoproteinemia, cough, sneezing, prostration, fever, mucopurulent nasal discharge, anemia and submandibular edema. At necropsy, the main changes observed were cranioventral pulmonary consolidation, hemorrhage at the base of the pulmonary artery and ulcerating lesions in the hard palate mucosa, rumen and reticulum. The histological changes consisted of bacterial [...](AU)

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Antibióticos ionóforos (AI) são fármacos utilizados em animais, principalmente como coccidiostáticos e promotores de crescimento. Podem causar intoxicação aguda ou crônica, induzindo lesões musculares esqueléticas e/ou cardíacas. São descritos os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de um surto de intoxicação por AI em ovinos e bovinos que receberam sobras provenientes de uma fábrica de ração (popularmente conhecidas como varredura). Quatro horas após acesso à ração contaminada alguns ovinos foram encontrados mortos e vários outros estavam doentes. Os bovinos manifestaram sinais um dia após ingestão da ração, com morte após 4 a 20 dias. Estas consistiam em inapetência, fraqueza, relutância em movimentar-se, incoordenação, dispneia, decúbito lateral e morte. Morreram 61 ovinos (42,36% do rebanho) e oito bovinos jovens (24,24% do lote). Duas ovelhas doentes foram encaminhadas ao Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Lavras (SPV/DMV/UFLA). Devido à gravidade do quadro clínico foram submetidas a eutanásia. Na necropsia observaram-se áreas pálidas na musculatura, caracterizadas histologicamente por graus variáveis de necrose e regeneração em músculos esqueléticos e cardíaco. A análise cromatográfica (HPLC) de uma amostra da ração utilizada revelou 97,14 mg de monensina/kg de ração. O diagnóstico baseou-se nos achados epidemiológicos, clínicos, lesões macro e microscópicas e na análise toxicológica da ração oferecida aos animais. Embora a utilização de “varredura de fábrica de ração” pareça uma opção economicamente interessante aos produtores ela oferece riscos de intoxicação e/ou morte e não érecomendada.

Ionophore antibiotics (IA) are drugs used in animals, particularly as coccidiostats and growth promoters. They can cause acute or chronic poisoning, inducing skeletal and / or heart muscle injuries. This paper describes the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of an IA poisoning outbreak in sheep and cattle fed with leftovers from a animal ration factory. Four hours after the access to the contaminated feed, some sheep were found dead and several others were sick. The cattle manifested clinical signs one day after ingestion of the feed, with death 4 to 20 days after clinical onset. The signs consisted of inappetence, weakness, reluctance to move, incoordination, dyspnea, lateral decubitus and death. Of the sheep herd 61 (42.36%), and eight young cattle (24.24% of the lot) died. Two sick sheep were sent to the Veterinary Pathology Sector, Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Federal University of Lavras (SPV/DMV/UFLA). Due to the severity of the clinical condition, both were euthanized. At necropsy were observed pale areas in the muscles, characterized histologically by varying degrees of necrosis and regeneration in skeletal and cardiac muscles. It was performed a chromatographic analysis (HPLC) of a sample of feed, which showed 97.14 mg monensin/kg of feed. The diagnosis was based on epidemiological, clinical, gross and histological findings, and toxicological analysis of the feed used. Although the use of "scan feed mill" seems an economically attractive option for producers it presents risks and is not recommended.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Antibióticos ionóforos (AI) são fármacos utilizados em animais, principalmente como coccidiostáticos e promotores de crescimento. Podem causar intoxicação aguda ou crônica, induzindo lesões musculares esqueléticas e/ou cardíacas. São descritos os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de um surto de intoxicação por AI em ovinos e bovinos que receberam sobras provenientes de uma fábrica de ração (popularmente conhecidas como varredura). Quatro horas após acesso à ração contaminada alguns ovinos foram encontrados mortos e vários outros estavam doentes. Os bovinos manifestaram sinais um dia após ingestão da ração, com morte após 4 a 20 dias. Estas consistiam em inapetência, fraqueza, relutância em movimentar-se, incoordenação, dispneia, decúbito lateral e morte. Morreram 61 ovinos (42,36% do rebanho) e oito bovinos jovens (24,24% do lote). Duas ovelhas doentes foram encaminhadas ao Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Lavras (SPV/DMV/UFLA). Devido à gravidade do quadro clínico foram submetidas a eutanásia. Na necropsia observaram-se áreas pálidas na musculatura, caracterizadas histologicamente por graus variáveis de necrose e regeneração em músculos esqueléticos e cardíaco. A análise cromatográfica (HPLC) de uma amostra da ração utilizada revelou 97,14 mg de monensina/kg de ração. O diagnóstico baseou-se nos achados epidemiológicos, clínicos, lesões macro e microscópicas e na análise toxicológica da ração oferecida aos animais. Embora a utilização de “varredura de fábrica de ração” pareça uma opção economicamente interessante aos produtores ela oferece riscos de intoxicação e/ou morte e não érecomendada.(AU)

Ionophore antibiotics (IA) are drugs used in animals, particularly as coccidiostats and growth promoters. They can cause acute or chronic poisoning, inducing skeletal and / or heart muscle injuries. This paper describes the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of an IA poisoning outbreak in sheep and cattle fed with leftovers from a animal ration factory. Four hours after the access to the contaminated feed, some sheep were found dead and several others were sick. The cattle manifested clinical signs one day after ingestion of the feed, with death 4 to 20 days after clinical onset. The signs consisted of inappetence, weakness, reluctance to move, incoordination, dyspnea, lateral decubitus and death. Of the sheep herd 61 (42.36%), and eight young cattle (24.24% of the lot) died. Two sick sheep were sent to the Veterinary Pathology Sector, Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Federal University of Lavras (SPV/DMV/UFLA). Due to the severity of the clinical condition, both were euthanized. At necropsy were observed pale areas in the muscles, characterized histologically by varying degrees of necrosis and regeneration in skeletal and cardiac muscles. It was performed a chromatographic analysis (HPLC) of a sample of feed, which showed 97.14 mg monensin/kg of feed. The diagnosis was based on epidemiological, clinical, gross and histological findings, and toxicological analysis of the feed used. Although the use of "scan feed mill" seems an economically attractive option for producers it presents risks and is not recommended.(AU)

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