RESUMO

Petunia hybrida is commonly cultivated for ornamental use in urban parks greening and street embellishment in China. In March 2022, 60% of P. hybrida plants cv. Wave Purple (n≈1800) from an ornamental plant nursery under natural conditions in Tianhe district (N 113°21'21", E 23°9'3.5"), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, were affected with soft rot disease. The distribution of the disease was generally uniform. Infected plants initially exhibit small water-soaked lesions at the base of the stem, which then extended to the leaves. Eventually the diseased plant collapsed and died. Nine diseased plants were collected, and affected tissues cut into small fragments (5 × 5 mm), which were disinfested in 75% ethanol (30 s) and 2% sodium hypochlorite (60 s), followed by three rinses with sterile distilled water. The sterilized sections were macerated in 200 µl sterile water, and streaked on Luria-Bertani (LB) agar medium and incubated at 28°C for 48 h. Single colonies were restreaked three times to obtain purified isolation. Sixteen bacterial strains with similar morphology were isolated, and their colonies were yellowish white, round, and convex with smooth surfaces on LB agar plate. The representative strain BDQ1 was selected for further analyses and the 16S rDNA gene (GenBank Accession ON982467) were amplified using primer pair 27F/1492R, revealed above 99% sequence identity with some Pectobacterium brasiliense isolates (GenBank Accession Nos. CP046380(1421/1422), MN393966(1419/1422), and CP020350(1419/1422)) using BLASTn. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis by neighbor-joining method (1,000 bootstrap values) based on six housekeeping gene sequences of gyrA (GenBank Accession No. ON995454), icdA (ON995455), mdh (ON995456), mtlD (ON995457), proA (ON995458), and rpoS genes (ON995459) (Ma et al. 2007; Waleron et al., 2008). The results of phylogenetic analysis showed BDQ1 strain belong to the P. brasiliense clade. Pathogenicity tests were performed on ten healthy P. hybrida cv. Wave Purple plants by injecting 10 µl of bacterial suspensions of BDQ1 (108 CFU/ml) into the stems; another 10 healthy control plants were injected with 10 µl of sterile water. All plants were grown at 25-30°C and 60% humidity in natural light/dark cycle. After 3 d, all inoculated plants showed soft rot symptoms resembling to those observed in the nursery, while control plants remained healthy. Bacteria were successfully reisolated from the symptomatic tissues and identified to be P. brasiliense by PCR mentioned above. P. brasiliense is considered a very aggressive pathogen, which has been reported in Eurasia and Africa (Oulghazi et al. 2021). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. brasiliense causing bacterial soft rot on P. hybrida in China. This pathogen may pose threat to P. hybrida production in area with warmand humid climate in China. The current study expands the known host range of P. brasiliense and helped raise attention on controlling pathogen spread.

RESUMO

Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common pediatric vascular tumors. They require therapy when they cause severe complications such as ulceration, amblyopia, or airway constriction. Propranolol is the only treatment that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved for complicated IHs and has become first-line therapy for IHs that need to be treated. Older therapies such as systemic corticosteroids and surgery are now rarely used. Propranolol can have potentially serious adverse side effects, including bradycardia, hypotension, and hypoglycemia. There is sparse literature on the use of propranolol for IHs in patients with preexisting hypoglycemic conditions. We report three cases of infants with preexisting hypoglycemic conditions requiring diazoxide whose complicated hemangiomas were successfully and safely treated with oral propranolol.

Assuntos

Hemangioma/tratamento farmacológico , Propranolol/efeitos adversos , Propranolol/uso terapêutico , Administração Oral , Feminino , Humanos , Hipoglicemia/induzido quimicamente , Hipoglicemia/prevenção & controle , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Prematuro/induzido quimicamente , Doenças do Prematuro/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Propranolol/administração & dosagem

RESUMO

The gene glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2A (GRIN2A) is associated with development and neuron viability, and our previous studies showed it to be substantially methylated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, indicating a link to this disease. The aim of this work was to investigate GRIN2A expression and its clinical significance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, in contrast to nasopharyngitis and nasopharyngeal precancerous lesions. Fifty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were selected as study subjects, while 28 chronic nasopharyngitis patients and 22 individuals with nasopharyngeal precancerous lesions were used as controls. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to study GRIN2A protein expression, and its relationship with nasopharyngeal carcinoma clinical stage and histopathological features were assessed. GRIN2A appeared as yellow staining in the cytoplasm or nucleus. It was strongly expressed in the nasopharyngeal epithelial tissues of patients with chronic nasopharyngitis and in nasopharyngeal precancerous lesions, the proportions of GRIN2A-positive cells being 82.1 and 72.7%, respectively. However, it was weakly expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues, with 28.0% of cells testing positive (P < 0.001). No significant difference in the expression of GRIN2A was observed between different clinical stages and pathological grades. We conclude that weak GRIN2A expression is a major feature of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Assuntos

Doenças Nasofaríngeas/metabolismo , Doenças Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/metabolismo , Adulto , Carcinoma , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo , Doenças Nasofaríngeas/genética , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/genética , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas , Prognóstico , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/genética , Adulto Jovem

RESUMO

We investigated local changes in BMP-2/4 expression in rat spinal cords 1 week following injury to study the damage effects of BMP-2/4 in spinal cord injury (SCI). Sprague Dawley rats (45, 4 months old) were randomized into three groups comprising 15 rats each: a SHAM group, an SCI without noggin group (SCIO), and an SCI with noggin group (SCID). The SCIO and SCID groups were subjected to spinal cord hemisection, and motor activity was assessed using the BBB score. Expression of BMP-2/4 in each injured spinal cord section was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and western blot. There were no significant differences in BBB scores among the three groups (P > 0.05). Following hemisection, the BBB score in the SHAM group was significantly higher than in the other two groups on the 1st day after modeling (P < 0.05), and the BBB scores in the SCIO and SCID groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Seven days after modeling, the BBB score in the SHAM group was significantly higher than in the other two groups (P < 0.05), and the BBB score in the SCID group was obviously higher than in the SCIO group (P < 0.05). The expression of BMP-2/4 was highest in the SCIO group and lowest in the SHAM group (P < 0.05). SCI can cause severe impairment of motor activity in rats. Seven days after SCI, the local expression of BMP-2/4 had obviously increased; noggin can effectively inhibit the expression of BMP-2/4 and reduce impairment.

Assuntos

Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/biossíntese , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/genética , Animais , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/genética , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Medula Espinal/patologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia

RESUMO

We examined the effects of washed platelets (WPLTs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the proliferation and mineralization of rat dental pulp cells. Rat dental pulp cells were separated, cultured, and identified. Medium containing 1, 10, 100, or 500 mL/L PRP or WPLTs was added to 4th generation cells. The MTS method was used to determine cell proliferation. Alizarin red staining was used to observe the formation of mineralized nodules after cell mineralization and induction for 10 and 20 days under different culture conditions, and the areas of the mineralized nodules formed 20 days after induction were computed. The addition of 1, 10, and 100 mL/L WPLTs or PRP significantly promoted rat dental pulp cell proliferation (P < 0.05) whereas 500 mL/L WPLTs or PRP had no significant effect (P > 0.05). Under the same concentrations, no significant differences on cell proliferation were observed between WPLT and PRP treatments (P > 0.05 in all groups). After 10 days mineralization and culture, the 100 and 500 mL/L WPLT and PRP group positive nodule rates were significantly higher than those of the low concentration and the control groups (P < 0.05). After 20 days, the areas of the mineralized nodules formed in the 100 and 500 mL/L WPLT and PRP groups were significantly larger than those in the control group (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that both WPLTs and PRP are equally able to significantly promote the proliferation and calcification of rat dental pulp cells under a certain range of concentrations.

Assuntos

Plaquetas/metabolismo , Calcificação Fisiológica , Proliferação de Células , Polpa Dentária/citologia , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas/metabolismo , Células-Tronco/citologia , Células-Tronco/metabolismo , Animais , Calcificação Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Fenótipo , Contagem de Plaquetas , Ratos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective analysis evaluates the clinical outcomes of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients who received second-line chemotherapy after platinum-based first-line chemotherapy, especially focusing on efficacy and toxicity between single-agent and combination chemotherapy. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 193 patients who received second-line chemotherapy for extensive-stage SCLC. Patients relapsing or progressing beyond 90 days were defined as sensitive recurrence patients, and below 90 days as refractory recurrence patients. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 138 patients received combination chemotherapy and 55 received single-agent treatment. The objective response rate (ORR) was 25.4 % in the combination group and 9.1 % in the single-agent group (p = 0.012). The disease control rate (DCR) was 65.2 and 34.5 %, respectively, (p < 0.001). The progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.80 months in the combination group and 2.13 months in the single-agent group (p = 0.001). In the sensitive recurrence group, the median PFS was 3.80 months in combination group and 3.23 months in single-agent group (p = 0.092). In the refractory recurrence group, the median PFS was 2.83 and 1.30 months, respectively (p = 0.001). The grade III/IV toxicity in single-agent group is much lower than the combination group (56.4 vs. 74.6 %, p = 0.013). CONCLUSION: Our retrospective data suggest a potential role of prolonging the PFS for combination treatment in extensive-stage SCLC second-line treatment, especially for the refractory recurrence patients, but with more toxicity as compared to single-agent.

Assuntos

Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia de Salvação , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Camptotecina/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Docetaxel , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Irinotecano , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Platina/administração & dosagem , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão/patologia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Taxoides/administração & dosagem , Topotecan/administração & dosagem

Assuntos

Antígenos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/fisiologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/fisiologia , Animais , Diferenciação Celular , Camundongos , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T alfa-beta/genética , Baço/citologia , Timo/citologia

RESUMO

Maize kernels inheriting the indeterminate gametophyte mutant (ig) on the female side had endosperms that ranged in ploidy level from diploid (2x) to nonaploid (9x). In crosses with diploid males, only kernels of the triploid endosperm class developed normally. Kernels of the tetraploid endosperm class were half-sized but with well-developed embryos that regularly germinated. Kernels of endosperm composition other than triploid or tetraploid were abortive.-Endosperm ploidy level resulting from mating ig/ig x tetraploid Ig similarly was variable. Most endosperms started to degenerate soon after pollination and remained in an arrested state. Hexaploid endosperm was exceptional; it developed normally during the sequence of stages studied and accounted for plump kernels on mature ears. Since such kernels have diploid maternal tissues (pericarp) but triploid embryos, the present finding favors the view that endosperm failure or success in such circumstances is governed by conditions within the endosperm itself.-Whereas tetraploid endosperm consisting of three maternal genomes and one paternal genome is slightly reduced in size but supports viable seed development, that endosperm having two maternal and two paternal chromosome sets was highly defective and conditioned abortion. Thus, development of maize endosperm evidently is affected by the parental source of its sets of chromosomes.