RESUMO
RESUMO: Introdução: A dissecção da artéria carótida (DAC) tem como uma das principais repercussões o Acidente Vascular Cerebral isquêmico (AVCi) em indivíduos jovens previamente saudáveis. É comum que nas DAC traumáticas, como em acidentes automobilísticos, o paciente seja submetido à investigação mais complexa com exames de imagem. Estes permitem um diagnóstico precoce e, portanto, um tratamento, reduzindo as chances de sequelas. Todavia, cau-sas não traumáticas com desfecho de DAC já foram relatadas, como as causas odontológicas. Objetivo: Contribuir para valorização diagnóstica da DAC não traumática e profilaxia de AVC subsequente. Métodos: Relatamos um caso de dissecção não aneurismática das artérias carótidas internas (ACI) pós-procedimento odontológico com desfecho de AVC bilateral em paciente de 52 anos. Resultados: Devido à forte associação de DAC a fatores traumáticos, em um primeiro contato com a paciente não foram levantadas suspeitas da ocorrência de DAC nem de AVC (ausência de déficit focal). Porém, tardiamente, foi identificada oclusão da ACI à esquerda e estenose na ACI direita, resultando em dois AVCs e incapacidade funcional severa na alta. Conclusão: O diagnóstico da DAC é um desafio, em especial por tratar-se de uma lesão de etiologia multifatorial. No entanto, seu reconhecimento precoce afetará diretamente o desfecho do paciente. Portanto, na presença de eventuais sintomas de alerta, faz-se necessário um meticuloso ques-tionamento sobre as últimas atividades do indivíduo. Este estudo alerta para a adoção de condutas profiláticas na ocorrência de fatores causais como hiperextensão cervical prolongada ou movimentos súbitos da cervical. (AU)
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Carotid artery dissection (CAD) has the ischemic stroke as one of the main repercussions in pre-viously healthy young individuals. It is common that in traumatic CAD, as in automobile accidents, the patient is subjected to a more complex investigation with imaging exams. These, allow an early diagnosis and, therefore, a treatment, reducing the chances of sequelae. However, non-traumatic causes with CAD outcomes have already been reported, such as dental causes. Objective: To contribute to the diagnostic valuation of non-traumatic CAD and subsequent stroke prophylaxis. Methods: We report a case of non-aneurysmatic dissection of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) after a dental procedure with evolution to bilateral stroke outcome in a 52-year-old patient. Results: Due to the strong association of CAD with traumatic factors, in a first contact with the patient there was no suspicion of CAD or stroke (absence of focal deficit). However, late, ICA occlusion on the left and stenosis on the right ICA were identified, resulting in two strokes and severe functional disability at discharge. Conclusion:The diagnosis of CAD is a challenge, especially since it is a multifactorial lesion. However, its early recognition will directly affect the patient's outcome. Therefore, in the presence of any warning symptoms, meticulous questioning about the individual's latest activities is necessary. This study alerts to the adoption of prophylactic conducts in the occurrence of causal factors such as prolonged cervical hyperextension or sudden movements of the cervical. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dissecação da Artéria Carótida Interna , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Implantação Dentária , AVC IsquêmicoRESUMO
To investigate the protective mechanism of quercetin on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats, an AMI rat model was established by ligating the left coronary anterior descending branch. The rats were randomly divided into the model group and low- and high-dose quercetin groups. The control group comprised sham-operated rats. The rats in the low- and high-dose quercetin groups were administered 100 and 400 mg/kg quercetin, respectively, by gavage. The rats in the control and model groups were administered isometric normal saline once daily for one week. The mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α and IL-1ß in the myocardial tissue of rats were detected in each group by real time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the myocardial tissue and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were detected using a colorimetric method. The level of apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling. Compared with those in the control group, the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß and MDA content in the model, low-, and high-dose groups significantly increased. SOD and CAT activities decreased significantly. The cell apoptosis index increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with those in the model group, the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α and IL-1ß and MDA content in myocardial tissue of rats in the low-dose and high-dose groups decreased significantly. SOD and CAT activities increased significantly. The cell apoptosis index significantly reduced (P < 0.05). In conclusion, quercetin has significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects on AMI rats and can effectively protect against myocardium damage.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Quercetina/administração & dosagem , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Masculino , Infarto do Miocárdio/genética , Infarto do Miocárdio/metabolismo , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/genética , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/metabolismo , Quercetina/farmacocinética , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
This study investigated the STK39 expression in peripheral blood of hypertension patients and the relation between its genetic polymorphism and blood pressure. The observation group comprised of 42 primary hypertension patients admitted to our hospital, and the control group comprised of 30 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period. Fasting venous blood was collected from both groups in the morning to determine the STK39 mRNA and protein levels in peripheral blood using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. STK39 gene SNP (rs6433027) was sequenced using PCR and its genetic variation was analyzed. The relationship between STK39 protein level, genetic variation, and diastolic and systolic blood pressure was also analyzed. The observation group showed increased STK39 mRNA and protein levels in peripheral blood compared to the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), suggesting C/T mutation in STK39 gene SNP (rs6433027). Correlation analysis showed positive association between STK39 protein level and diastolic and systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05), indicating a positive association between C/T genetic mutation and diastolic and systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05). In conclusion, STK39 mRNA and protein express abnormally in primary hypertension patients with genetic variation, which is related to the blood pressure.
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Pressão Sanguínea/genética , Expressão Gênica , Estudos de Associação Genética , Hipertensão/genética , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/genética , Idoso , Sequência de Bases , Biomarcadores , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Hipertensão Essencial , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Hipertensão/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/sangue , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismoRESUMO
We examined the relationships between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DNA repair gene XPD751 and the efficacy and time to disease progression (TTP) in colorectal cancer patients after platinum-based chemotherapy. Ninety-eight patients diagnosed with advanced colorectal cancer were subjected to oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil combination therapy. DNA was extracted from venous blood before chemotherapy. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used to detect XPD751 SNPs. The relationship between genotypes and prognosis was compared. The frequencies of the XPD751 Lys/Lys, Lys/Gln, and Gln/Gln genotypes were 76 (77.55%), 17 (17.35%), and 5 (5.10%), respectively. The efficiency of XPD751 Lys/Lys, Lys/Gln and Gln/Gln genotypes were 50.00, 29.41, and 20%, respectively. The efficiency rate between XPD751 Lys/Lys and Lys/Gln showed a significant difference (c² = 4.04, P < 0.05). After adjusting for gender, age, and metastasis location, chemotherapy failure in patients carrying XPD751 Lys/Gln was 3.404-fold higher than in patients carrying the Lys/Lys genotype. Median TTP was 304 days (10.1 months) and median TTP in patients with XPD751 Lys/Lys and ≥1 Gln genotype was 340 and 87 days. After comparing TTP in patients carrying Lys/Lys and patients carrying ≥1 Gln, the difference was significant. SNPs in the DNA repair gene XPD751 may be associated with oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer patients. These polymorphisms may be associated with TTP in patients with advanced colorectal cancer after first-line chemotherapy of oxaliplatin. XPD751 SNPs may be predictive factors of prognosis in colorectal cancer patients receiving oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy.
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Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Progressão da Doença , Prognóstico , Proteína Grupo D do Xeroderma Pigmentoso/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Reparo do DNA/genética , Feminino , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Compostos Organoplatínicos/administração & dosagem , Oxaliplatina , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
Plant traits are important indices for regulating and controlling yield ability in soybean varieties. It is important to comprehensively study the quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for soybean plant traits, cloning related genes, and marker assistant breeding. In this study, 236 F2 generation plants and a derivative group were constructed by using Jiyu50 and Jinong18, obtained from Jilin Province. A total of 102 simple sequence repeat markers were used to construct a genetic linkage map. With 2 years of molecular and phenotypic data, QTL analyses and mapping were conducted for soybean maturity, plant height, main stem node, main stem branch, seed weight per plant, and more. Five main plant traits were analyzed via inclusive composite interval mapping using QTL IciMapping v2.2. Using one-dimensional scanning, a total of 30 QTLs were detected and distributed across 1 (A1), 4 (C2), and 12 (G). There were 9 linkage groups, including 16 major QTLs. Using two-dimensional scanning, 7 pairs of epistatic QTL interactions for maturity and plant height were detected in the soybean.
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Mapeamento Cromossômico/métodos , Glycine max/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas , Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , DNA de Plantas/análise , Ligação Genética , Hibridização Genética , Repetições de MicrossatélitesRESUMO
Paphiopedilum orchids (Orchidaceae) have attracted much attention from botanists and horticulturists because of their peculiar leaves and beautiful flowers. Furthermore, the dry roots of Paphiopedilum plants have well-known medicinal uses. However, it is unknown how sensitive and plastic the root genes are to environmental changes or how these environmental changes regulate the biosynthesis of active ingredients. In this study, we chose Paphiopedilum concolor for root sequencing, as it is widely used as a parent in breeding experiments. A total of 3.77 Gb of sequence data were generated by Illumina paired-end sequencing. De novo assemblies yielded 72,952 contigs, 67,434 scaffolds, 64,304 unigenes with average lengths of 937, 1022, and 1047 bp, respectively. Based on Basic Local Alignment Search Tool with known protein sequences, 40,815 (63.5%) unigenes were annotated with an E-value cutoff of 1.0E-5. Among the unigenes, 24,605 were classified in the Gene Ontology database, 17,361 were assigned to Cluster of Orthologous Groups, and 14,170 were annotated in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Among these annotations, over 1195 unigenes related to secondary metabolic pathways, as well as 609 unigenes involved in plant hormone synthesis and signal transduction, were identified. In addition, 5322 potential simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified, and 4989 primer pairs for 3975 sequences containing SSRs were obtained. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of genes that regulate root growth and development and provides a comprehensive resource for genes related to secondary metabolism in roots and for marker-assisted studies in Paphiopedilum.
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Repetições de Microssatélites , Orchidaceae/genética , Raízes de Plantas/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Anotação de Sequência Molecular , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , TranscriptomaRESUMO
We examined expression differences in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) of the doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADM and doxorubicin-sensitive cell line MCF-7/S. The effects of Chinese medicine ß-elemene on BCSCs and resistance protein expression were determined. The serum-free cell culture method was used for cell culture, and morphology was observed to determine the rate of cell sphere formation. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) gene expression. Flow cytometry was used to determine BCRP- and P-gp-positive cell rates and CD44 + CD24-/low cell ratios. Morphological observation and gene amplification showed that compared with MCF-7/S cells, the serum-free cell sphere-forming rate and P-gp and BCRP gene expression levels were higher in MCF-7/ADM cells. Flow cytometry results showed that P-gp and BCRP protein expression in MCF-7/ADM cells was 77.78 ± 9.55% and 32.33 ± 5.12%, respectively, and the CD44 + CD24-/low cell rate was 64.79 ± 11.78%, which were all significantly higher than those in MCF-7/S cells (3.97 ± 1.51, 14.26 ± 2.51, 18.79 ± 3.28%; P < 0.05). ß-elemene significantly decreased the serum-free cell sphere-forming rate in MCF-7/ADM cells and BCRP and P-gp gene/protein expression (P < 0.01). The proportion of CD44 + CD24-/low cells was reduced. MCF-7/ADM highly expressed the drug-resistant proteins BCRP and P-gp, which can be used for long-term in vitro culture and as a seed cell for studies of BCSCs. ß-elemene can inhibit BCSC and the sphere-forming rate in MCF-7/ADM cells and reduce BCRP expression.
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Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/genética , Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Membro 2 da Subfamília G de Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP , Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/genética , Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células/métodos , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Meios de Cultura Livres de Soro/farmacologia , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Citometria de Fluxo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Células MCF-7 , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Esferoides Celulares/efeitos dos fármacos , Esferoides Celulares/metabolismoRESUMO
Warm day and cool night conditions significantly induce reproductive spike formation in Phalaenopsis plants; hence, determining the flowering mechanism regulating the reproductive transition is important. Flowering locus T (FT) plays important roles in flowering induction in several plants. To explore spike induction by warm days and cool nights in Phalaenopsis orchids, we isolated the FT (PhFT) from Phalaenopsis hybrid Fortune Saltzman. The cDNA of PhFT was 809-bp long and contained a 531-bp open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 176 amino acids, a 58-bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), and a 220-bp 3'-UTR. The predicted molecular mass of PhFT was 19.80 kDa, with an isoelectric point of 8.68. The PhFT was predicted to possess the conserved functional regions of the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein superfamily. Nucleotide sequence data indicated that PhFT contained 3 introns and 4 exons. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses of PhFT revealed high homology to the FT proteins of Cymbidium goeringii and Oncidium Gower Ramsey. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that PhFT mRNA was expressed in roots, apical leaves, mature leaves, and flowers. In flowers, PhFT was expressed more in developing floral buds than in mature flowers and was predominantly expressed in ovaries and petals. Ectopic expression of PhFT in Arabidopsis ft-1 mutants showed novel early-flowering phenotypes that lost their siliques. Our results indicated that the ectopic expression of PhFT could partially complement the late flowering defect in transgenic Arabidopsis ft-1 mutants. Our findings suggest that PhFT is a putative FT homolog in Phalaenopsis plants that regulates flowering transition.
Assuntos
Flores/genética , Genes de Plantas , Orchidaceae/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sequência de Bases , DNA Complementar/química , DNA Complementar/genética , Flores/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Ordem dos Genes , Teste de Complementação Genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Orchidaceae/classificação , Orchidaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fenótipo , Filogenia , Alinhamento de SequênciaRESUMO
The influence of warm day and cool night conditions on induction of spikes in Phalaenopsis orchids has been studied with respect to photosynthetic efficiency, metabolic cycles and physiology. However, molecular events involved in spike emergence induced by warm day and cool night conditions are not clearly understood. We examined gene expression induced by warm day and cool night conditions in the Phalaenopsis hybrid Fortune Saltzman through suppression subtractive hybridization, which allowed identification of flowering-related genes in warm day and cool night conditions in spikes and leaves at vegetative phase grown under warm daily temperatures. In total, 450 presumably regulated expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were identified and classified into functional categories, including metabolism, development, transcription factor, signal transduction, transportation, cell defense, and stress. Furthermore, database comparisons revealed a notable number of Phalaenopsis hybrid Fortune Saltzman ESTs that matched genes with unknown function. The expression profiles of 24 genes (from different functional categories) have been confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR in induced spikes and juvenile apical leaves. The results of the real-time PCR showed that, compared to the vegetative apical leaves, the transcripts of genes encoding flowering locus T, AP1, AP2, KNOX1, knotted1-like homeobox protein, R2R3-like MYB, adenosine kinase 2, S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, and naringenin 3-dioxygenase accumulated significantly higher levels, and genes encoding FCA, retrotransposon protein Ty3 and C3HC4-type RING finger protein accumulated remarkably lower levels in spikes of early developmental stages. These results suggested that the genes of two expression changing trends may play positive and negative roles in the early floral transition of Phalaenopsis orchids. In conclusion, spikes induced by warm day and cool night conditions were complex in Phalaenopsis orchids; nevertheless, several molecular flowering pathway-related genes were found. The acquired data form the basis for a molecular understanding of spike induction by warm day and cool night conditions in Phalaenopsis orchids.