RESUMO
UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between antegrade and collateral flow degree to the "culprit" coronary artery, and between both variables and left ventricular systolic function. We analyzed five hundred patients with acute myocardial infarction, treated prospectively and consecutively within 6 h of evolution with intravenous streptokinase. The degree of antegrade (0-3) and collateral blood flow (0-3) were correlated with 18 other variables. RESULTS: (a) By simple regression analysis, antegrade flow degree correlated positively (p < 0.0001), and collateral flow degree negatively (p = 0.0073) with left ventricular ejection fraction; (b) By multiple regression analysis, antegrade flow degree (p = 0.0032), but not collateral flow degree (p > 0.1), correlated independently with left ventricular ejection fraction; (c) In the subgroup of patients with occluded "culprit" coronary artery, the mean ejection fraction was significantly higher for those with collateral flow 3 (60.2% +/- 13.3 in relation to those with collateral flow < 3 (53.9% +/- 13.1, p = 0.032, 95% CI. 11.96 to (0.53%). In conclusion, antegrade coronary flow degree, but not collateral flow degree, correlated significantly and independently with left ventricular ejection fraction. However, in the subgroup of patients with occluded "culprit" coronary artery, collateral flow 3 led to better left ventricular systolic function, in relation to collateral flow < 3.
Assuntos
Circulação Colateral/fisiologia , Circulação Coronária/fisiologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Função Ventricular Esquerda/fisiologia , Feminino , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Prospectivos , Análise de Regressão , Estreptoquinase/uso terapêutico , Volume Sistólico , Terapia TrombolíticaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of sotalol in patients with nonsustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia (NSVT). METHODS: Ninety patients were enrolled. Patients were submitted to a double-blind crossover randomized study (placebo x 320 ms/po/d/sotalol; 4 weeks, after a wash-out control period. Holter recordings were performed in control (Ct), placebo (Pb) and drug (Dg) periods. Eligible patients had > 50/h isolated ventricular premature beats (VPB), in control, with or without pairs (P) or nonsustained VT (NSVT; > 3 beats, > 100bpm). Drug efficacy criteria were; > or = 75% reduction in isolated VPB, reduction > or = 90% of P and NSVT. The effects of the Dg were evaluated in the global population, in patients with Chagas' disease, idiopathic arrhythmias and ischemic/hypertensive patients. RESULTS: Differences between control and placebo were NS. Isolated VPB; Dg was effective in 42% (38/90 patients) with a mean of Pb and Dg respectively of 11,770 +/- 13,818 and 1,043 +/- 1,554 (p < 0.001). Pairs: drug was effective in 48% (32/67 patients) with a mean of Pb and Dg respectively of 439 +/- 586 and 27 +/- 52 (p < 0.001). NSVT: drug effectiveness was 53% (19/36 patients) with a mean of Pb and Dg respectively of 445 +/- 1,148 and 2.5 +/- 5.8 (p < 0.102). In patients with Chagas' disease, the reduction in VPB was 33% (13/39 patients), in pairs was 42+ (14/34) and in NSVT was 64% (12/22). In idiopathic patients the reduction of VPB was 53% (17/32 patients), in pairs was 50% (10/20) and in NSVT was 36% (4/11). In ischemic and hypertensive patients the reduction of VPB was 47% (7/15 patients) and 73% in pairs (8/11). CONCLUSION: In the present study, sotalol was effective in the control of nonsustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia, with minimal side-effects.
Assuntos
Antiarrítmicos/farmacologia , Antiarrítmicos/uso terapêutico , Arritmias Cardíacas/tratamento farmacológico , Sotalol/uso terapêutico , Taquicardia Ventricular/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Adulto , Idoso , Análise de Variância , Método Duplo-Cego , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Sotalol/administração & dosagem , Sotalol/farmacologiaRESUMO
Objetivo - Avaliar através de ensaio clínico prospectivo, randomizado, duplo-cego cruzado contra placebo, a eficácia do sotalol na dose oral de 320 miligramas diários em reduzir taquiarritmias ventriculares näo sustentadas (TVNS). Métodos - Foram avaliados em condiçöes de controle (Ct), placebo (Pb) e droga (Dg), 90 portadores de um número médio maior ou igual a 50 extra-sístole horárias (EV), com ou sem respostas pareadas (RP) e TVNS, registradas no Holter. Considerou-se a droga como efetiva, fren a uma reduçäo maior ou igual a 75 por cento das EV e maior ou igual a 90 por cento das RP e TVNS. Avaliaram-se os resultados globais e os observados em doenças específicas, incluindo a cardiopatia chagásica crônica, arritmias ventriculares idiopáticas e doença coronariana e hipertensiva sistêmica. Resultados - Näo ocorreram diferenças significativas entre Ct e Pb. Globalmente, a droga reduziu as EV em 42 por cento (38/90 pacientes), as RP em 48 por cento (32/67 e as TVNS em 53 por cento (19/36), com méis respectivas entre Pb e Dg de 11.770 mais ou menos 13.818 para 1.043 mais ou menos 1.554 nas EV (p menor a 0,001); de 439 mais ou menos 586 para 27 mais ou menos 52 nas RP (p menor a 0,001) e de 445 mais ou menos 1.147 para 2,5 mais ou menos 5,8 nas TVNS (p menor a 0,102). Nos chagásicos, reduçäo das EV de 33 por cento (13/39 pacientes), das RP em 42 por cento (14/34) e das TVNS em 64 por cento (12/22). Nos indiopáticos, a reduçäo das EV foi de 53 por cento (17/32 pacientes), das RP de 50 por cento (0/0) e das TVNS de 36 por cento (4/11). Nos isquêmicos e/ou hipertensos, a reduçào das EV foi de 47 por cento (7/15 pacientes) e de 73 por cento nas RP (8/11). Conclusäo - Na populaçäo estudada e na dose indicada, o sotalol mostrou ser um fármaco efetivo para controle de TVNS, apresentando mínimos efeitos colaterais.
Assuntos
Arritmias Cardíacas , Sotalol , AntiarrítmicosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To compare the doses of 750,000 and 1.5 million units (U) of streptokinase (SK), relatively to the left ventricular (LV) systolic function analyzed through contrasted ventriculography. METHODS: We included 110 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) within 6h of the onset (mean-age 60 years, 83.6% men), that were randomized to receive 750,000U of SK in 15 min (55 patients), or 1.5 million U in 30 min (55 patients). The study main goal was the comparison between the groups relatively to LV ejection fraction, global and regional shortening, obtained at the fifth day of the AMI. RESULTS: The 750,000 and 1.5 million groups were homogeneous relatively to 15 analyzed variables. Relatively to the main goal of the study, it was found respectively: a) ejection fraction analysis (median): 64% and 60.5% for the total population (p = 0.25, 95% CI -2.7 to 10), 64% and 57.5% for anterior AMI (p = 0.2, 95% CI -3.6 to 16.3), 65% and 65% for inferior AMI (p = 0.99, 95% CI -8.4 to 8.4); b) global shortening analysis: -2.53 and -2.66 for the total population (p = 0.3, 95% CI -0.47 to 0.87), -2.27 and -2.53 for anterior AMI (p = 0.18, 95% CI -0.3 to 1.4), -1.82 and 1.72 for inferior AMI (p = 0.9, 95% CI -0.82 to 0.75); c) regional shortening analysis: anterior AMI -2.6 and -2.67 (p = 0.47, 95% CI -0.7 to 1.5), inferior AMI -2.3 and -2.32 (p = 0.9, 95% CI -0.82 to 0.75). CONCLUSION: The dose of 750,000U was as efficacious as the 1.5 million relatively to LV systolic function, one of the best survival predictors of short-medium and long-term survival post AMI.
Assuntos
Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Estreptoquinase/administração & dosagem , Função Ventricular Esquerda/efeitos dos fármacos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Estreptoquinase/farmacologia , Volume Sistólico/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Conventional ECG still plays an important role in the overall knowledge of Chagas' cardiopathy, because of its importance in longitudinal and epidemiological studies, its diagnostic value, and its utility in prognostic evaluation. The authors discuss these aspects, as well as the use of eCG in the acute phase and the significance of a normal ECG in Chagas' disease. Correlations were made between ECG and Hemodynamic/angiographic variables among 1010 patients with positive laboratory tests for Chagas' disease: a) in the group with normal ECG there was no significant differences between symptomatic and non-symptomatic patients with regard to ejection fraction and angiographic abnormalities; b) slight abnormalities on the ECG corresponded to an intermediate level of severity of the disease, that is, between normal ECG and ECG with significant abnormalities C) fibrosis on the ECG was not predictive of akinesia in the related area on the angiography; d) combined ECG abnormalities generally correlated with greater myocardial compromises compared to isolated abnormalities; e) under multiple regression analysis the ECG abnormalities that independently correlated with depressed ejection fraction were: premature ventricular beats, ventricular tachycardia, left bundle branch block, atrial fibrillation, complete AV block, and anterior and inferior fibrosis. Male sex, cardiac insufficiency and cardiomegaly on the throat radiography were also significantly related.
Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/diagnóstico , Eletrocardiografia , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Prognóstico , Análise de RegressãoRESUMO
The authors report a case of pheochromocytoma in which the echocardiographic features suggested obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The angiographic study and the computed tomography showed the tumor and its arterial supply. One month after resection of the tumor the echocardiographic features showed a tendency to normalization. The preoperative echocardiographic aspect was probably due to excessive production of catecholamines by the tumor.
Assuntos
Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/complicações , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/diagnóstico por imagem , Feocromocitoma/complicações , Adulto , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/etiologia , Feocromocitoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Taquicardia/etiologia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
One hundred twenty-eight patients with myocardial infarction who underwent operation for myocardial revascularization and 147 patients who received medical therapy were followed up for up to 6 years: all patients had received treatment with intravenous streptokinase. In the surgical group, 91.5% of the patients had the region related to the infarction revascularized, and in 82.8% of them the mammary artery was used. Statistically significant differences were not detected between the groups according to infarct size, clinical features, and left ventricular ejection fraction. However, there was a higher risk in the surgical group, as compared with that in the medical group, in terms of anatomic characteristics: 99.2% versus 77.1% of the patients showed more than 70% residual obstruction at the "culprit" coronary artery (p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval 14.1% to 30.1%) and 76.8% versus 40.7% showed multivessel coronary disease (p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval 23.7% to 48.5%). In-hospital survival was 95.3% in the surgical group and 89.1% in the medical group (p = 0.096, 95% confidence interval -0.2% to 12.6%). Significantly higher survivals were obtained for the surgical group both during the first (93% +/- 2.3% versus 80.3% +/- 3.3%, p = 0.005) and the sixth (86.4% +/- 3.4% versus 68.4% +/- 4.3%, p = 0.003) year of follow-up. Statistically significant differences were also obtained when in-hospital deaths were excluded. A Cox regression model with 13 variables showed that only age (p = 0.0422) and medical treatment (p = 0.0194) correlated independently with mortality. It is concluded that in this nonrandomized study, operation led to a significantly higher survival both on a medium- and long-term basis, when compared with that obtained for patients receiving medical therapy.