RESUMO
This experiment compared insulin sensitivity, milk production, and reproductive outcomes in dairy cows consuming excessive energy during mid to late lactation and receiving in a 2 × 2 factorial design (1) concentrate based on ground corn (CRN; n = 20) or including 8% (DM basis) of Ca salts of palm oil (CSPO; n = 20), and (2) supplemented (n = 20) or not (n = 20) with 2.5 g/d of Cr-propionate. During the experiment (d 0-203), 40 multiparous, nonpregnant, lactating 3/4 Holstein × 1/4 Gir cows (initial days in milk = 81 ± 2; mean ± SE) were offered corn silage for ad libitum consumption, and individually received concentrate formulated to allow diets to provide 160% of their daily net energy for lactation requirements. From d -15 to 203, milk production was recorded daily, blood samples collected weekly, and cow body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) recorded on d 0 and 203. For dry matter intake evaluation, cows from both treatments were randomly divided in 5 groups of 8 cows each, and allocated to 8 individual feeding stations for 3 d. Intake was evaluated 6 times/group. Glucose tolerance tests (GTT; 0.5 g of glucose/kg of BW) were performed on d -3, 100, and 200. Follicle aspiration for in vitro embryo production was performed via transvaginal ovum pick-up on d -1, 98, and 198. Mean DMI, net energy for lactation intake, as well as BW and BCS change were similar across treatments. On average, cows gained 40 kg of BW and 0.49 BCS during the experiment. Within weekly blood samples, CRN cows had lower serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, fatty acids, and insulin-to-glucose ratio compared with CSPO cows, suggesting increased insulin sensitivity in CRN cows. During the GTT, insulin-sensitivity traits were also greater in CRN versus CSPO cows. Supplemental Cr-propionate resulted in lower serum insulin concentrations and insulin-to-glucose ratio within CRN cows only, indicating that Cr-propionate improved basal insulin sensitivity in CRN but not in CSPO cows. During the GTT, however, Cr-propionate supplementation reduced hyperinsulinemia and insulin-to-glucose ratio across CSPO and CRN cows. Milk production, as well as number of viable oocytes collected and embryos produced within each aspiration, were not affected by treatments. Hence, replacing corn by Ca salts of palm oil in the concentrate did not improve insulin sensitivity in Holstein × Gir dairy cows consuming excessive energy during mid to late lactation, whereas Cr-supplementation was effective in improving basal insulin sensitivity in cows not receiving Ca salts of palm oil.
Assuntos
Cálcio/farmacologia , Cromo/farmacologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Óleo de Palmeira/farmacologia , Propionatos/farmacologia , Reprodução/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal , Bovinos , Dieta/veterinária , Ácidos Graxos/sangue , Feminino , Insulina/sangue , Resistência à Insulina , Lactação/efeitos dos fármacos , Distribuição Aleatória , Silagem , Zea maysRESUMO
Os autores estudaram a retracao primaria dos enxertos de pele relacionando-a com a espessura dos mesmos e a distencao da area doadora, apos a excisao dos enxertos, relacionando-a com a espessura da derme residual. Foram estudados dez areas doadoras e os respectivos enxertos. A espessura media dos enxertos estudados foi 318,0 micra que corresponde a 20,0 por cento da pele doadora. A retracao primaria desses enxertos foi 17,6 por cento da area doadora. Os autores compararam os resultados com aqueles obtidos por Davis e Ketowsk, salientando as diferencas entre os metodos utilizados nos dois trabalhos. A espessura media da derme residual das areas doadoras logo apos a excisao dos enxertos foi 1.287,0 micra que corresponde a 85,2 por cento da espessura media da derme reticular da pele doadora. A distencao da area doadora apos a retirada do enxerto foi de 2,1 por cento da original.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante de Pele/métodos , Epiderme/cirurgia , Epiderme/transplanteRESUMO
In ten patients a study of skin grafts and of the changes that occurred in the donor area was carried out: the primary retraction of the grafts in relation to their thickness was determined as well as the distension of the donor area of the graft after the excision of the same and comparison of it's thickness with that of the residual skin. The average thickness of the grafts was 318.0 micra, which corresponded to 20% of the donor skin. The primary retraction was 17.6%. The mean thickness of the residual skin at the donor area was 1,287.0 micra or 85.2% of the mean thickness of the reticular derma: the distension of the donor skin area after the removal of the graft corresponded to 2.1% of the original size.
Assuntos
Transplante de Pele/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Epiderme/cirurgia , Epiderme/transplante , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
In the first quarter of 1985, the use of the seat belts in every car was compulsory as disposed by law and it was discontinued afterwards. The authors correlate the number and type of facial fractures in patients admitted to the Emergency unit of the Hospital das Clínicas of University of São Paulo Medical School, during the first quarter of 1984, 1985 and 1986. A significant decrease of the number of cases and the severity of the facial fractures during the 1985 period was observed and, more important, a decrease was noted on the proportion of the nasal and fronto-orbital fractures among the overall number of fractures of the face. There was thus a significant relationship between the use of belts and the number and severity of the facial fractures.
Assuntos
Ossos Faciais/lesões , Cintos de Segurança , Fraturas Cranianas/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Os autores apresentam um caso da doenca de Wolman, tambem conhecida como xantomatose familiar ou lipidose familiar de Wolman, caracterizada pela deposicao de esteres de colesterol no SRE e calcificacao bilateral das adrenais. A doenca apresenta-se precocemente na vida e evolui com progressiva hepatoesplenomegalia e ma absorcao intestinal. O prognostico e fatal