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INTRODUCTION: Tracheostomy (TCT) is the most frequently performed surgical procedure among COVID-19 patients. In Argentina, survival and decannulation rates are unknown. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate mortality and decannulation rates after 90 days of the percutaneous TCT performance. Secondarily, airway injury rate, days on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and days of hospitalization in the intensive care unit (ICU) were also evaluated. METHODS: This observational analytic prospective cohort study included patients over 18 years old with SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted into the ICU requiring IMV and percutaneous TCT in the period covering from 1 February 2021 to 31 July 2021. RESULTS: the mortality rate in 95 patients was 66.3%. Among the survivors, 67% were decannulated. The youngest patients were the ones who survived [mean 50.6 (SD 10.2) years versus mean 58.9 (SD 13.4) years; p = 0.001] and presented lower Charlson index scores [median 1 (IQR 0-2) versus 2 (1-3) points; p = 0.007]. Patients who were tracheostomized ten days before the start of IMV were fewer days on IMV and had a shorter stay in the ICU, p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively. Charlson Index was identified as an independent factor of mortality for both decannulation mortality at 90 days. DISCUSSION: In our cohort of patients, those who were younger and presented less c omorbidities benefited from TCT. Charlson Index could be used as a prognostic marker among this patient population.
Introducción: La traqueostomía (TQT) es el procedimiento quirúrgico más frecuentemente realizado en pacientes COVID-19. La tasa de supervivencia y decanulación en Argentina se desconoce. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la mortalidad y la tasa de decanulación al día 90 de realizada la TQT percutánea. Secundariamente se evaluó la tasa de lesión en la vía aérea, días de ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) y días de internación en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Métodos: Estudio observacional analítico de cohorte prospectiva que incluyó 95 pacientes mayores de 18 años infectados por SARS-CoV-2 ingresados de forma consecutiva a la UCI con requerimiento de VMI y TQT percutánea en el periodo comprendido entre 1 de febrero al 31 de julio del 2021. Resultados: La mortalidad fue del 66.3%. De los supervivientes se logró decanular al 67%. Los supervivientes fueron más jóvenes [media 50.6 (DE 10.2) años versus media 58.9 (DE 13.4) años; p = 0.001] y presentaron puntajes más bajos de índice de Charlson [mediana 1 (RIQ 0-2) versus 2 (1-3) puntos; p = 0.007]. Los pacientes TQT antes del día 10 desde el inicio de VMI tuvieron menos días de VMI y menor estadía en UCI, p < 0.01 y p = 0.01 respectivamente. El índice de Charlson se identificó como factor independiente de mortalidad a los 90 días y de decanulación a los 90 días. Discusión: En nuestra cohorte de pacientes fueron los más jóvenes y con menos comorbilidades los que se beneficiaron con la TQT. El índice de Charlson podría utilizarse como marcador pronóstico en esta población de pacientes.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , Adolescente , Traqueostomia , Estudos Prospectivos , Dilatação , SARS-CoV-2 , Respiração Artificial , Unidades de Terapia IntensivaRESUMO
Resumen Introducción: La traqueostomía (TQT) es el procedimiento quirúrgico más frecuentemente realizado en pacientes COVID-19. La tasa de supervivencia y decanulación en Argentina se desconoce. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la mortalidad y la tasa de decanulación al día 90 de realizada la TQT percutánea. Secundariamente se evaluó la tasa de lesión en la vía aérea, días de ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) y días de internación en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Métodos: Estudio observacional analítico de cohorte prospectiva que incluyó 95 pacientes mayores de 18 años infectados por SARS-CoV-2 ingresados de forma consecutiva a la UCI con requerimiento de VMI y TQT percutánea en el periodo compren dido entre 1 de febrero al 31 de julio del 2021. Resultados: La mortalidad fue del 66.3%. De los supervivientes se logró decanular al 67%. Los supervivientes fueron más jóvenes [media 50.6 (DE 10.2) años versus media 58.9 (DE 13.4) años; p = 0.001] y presentaron puntajes más bajos de índice de Charlson [mediana 1 (RIQ 0-2) versus 2 (1-3) puntos; p = 0.007]. Los pacientes TQT antes del día 10 desde el inicio de VMI tuvieron menos días de VMI y menor estadía en UCI, p < 0.01 y p = 0.01 respectivamente. El índice de Charlson se identificó como factor independiente de mortalidad a los 90 días y de decanulación a los 90 días. Discusión: En nuestra cohorte de pacientes fueron los más jóvenes y con menos comorbilidades los que se beneficiaron con la TQT. El índice de Charlson podría utilizarse como marcador pronóstico en esta población de pacientes.
Abstract Introduction: Tracheostomy (TCT) is the most frequently performed surgical procedure among COVID-19 patients. In Argentina, survival and decannulation rates are unknown. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate mortality and decannulation rates after 90 days of the percutaneous TCT performance. Secondarily, airway injury rate, days on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and days of hospitalization in the intensive care unit (ICU) were also evaluated. Methods: This observational analytic prospective cohort study included patients over 18 years old with SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted into the ICU requiring IMV and percutaneous TCT in the period covering from 1 February 2021 to 31 July 2021. Results: the mortality rate in 95 patients was 66.3%. Among the survivors, 67% were decannulated. The youngest patients were the ones who survived [mean 50.6 (SD 10.2) years versus mean 58.9 (SD 13.4) years; p = 0.001] and presented lower Charlson index scores [median 1 (IQR 0-2) versus 2 (1-3) points; p = 0.007]. Patients who were tracheostomized ten days before the start of IMV were fewer days on IMV and had a shorter stay in the ICU, p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively. Charlson Index was identified as an independent factor of mortality for both decannulation mortality at 90 days. Discussion: In our cohort of patients, those who were younger and presented less c omorbidities benefited from TCT. Charlson Index could be used as a prognostic marker among this patient population.
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INTRODUCTION: the information regarding characteristics and ventilatory results comparing the first (W1) and the second wave (W2) in Argentina are limited. The main objective of this study was to describe general characteristics and ventilatory variables in COVID-19 patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and compare differences between waves. Secondarily, factors associated with mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) were studied. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study that included patients older than 18 years infected with SARS-CoV-2 consecutively admitted to ICU with IMV between August 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021. We included 412 patients. RESULTS: We found statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) in age [W1 64(55-72) vs W2 59 (50-66) years], presence of COPD [W1 n = 42 (19.8%) vs. W2 n = 13(6.3%)], plateau pressure [W1 27(25-30) cm H2O vsW2 24 (22-27) cmH2O], driving pressure (ΔP) [W1 15 (13-17) cmH2O vs. W2 12 (11-14) cm H2O] compliance [W1 40 mL/cmH2O (32-46) vs. W2 = 33 mL/cm H2O (27-40)]; reintubation [W1 30.4% (n = 63/207) vs. W2 13.7% (n = 28/205)]. We identified as independent factors associated with mortality the following variables: age [OR 1.07(95% CI 1.05-1.09)], the ΔP in the first 24 hours [OR 1.19(95% CI 1.10-1.28)] and W2 [OR 1.81 (95% IC1.12-2.93); p = 0.015. DISCUSSION: During W2 the patients were younger. It was possible to achieve ventilatory mechanics more adjusted to a protective ventilation strategy. In conclusion, in the patients studied, age and ΔP were independent predictors of mortality.
Introducción: la información sobre características y resultados ventilatorios que comparen la primera (O1) y segunda (O2) ola de COVID-19 en Argentina son limitados. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue describir las características generales y variables ventilatorias en pacientes COVID-19 que requirieron ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) y comparar las diferencias entre olas. Secundariamente se estudiaron factores asociados con mortalidad en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Métodos: Realizamos un estudio observacional analítico de cohorte prospectiva que incluyó pacientes mayores de 18 años infectados por SARS-CoV-2 ingresados de forma consecutiva a la unidad de cuidados intensivos, con requerimiento de VMI, entre el 1 de agosto de 2020 y el 30 de junio de 2021. Se incluyeron 412 pacientes. Resultados: Encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.001) en: la edad [O1 64 (55-72) años versus O2 59 (50-66) años]; presencia de EPOC [O1 n = 41 (19.8%) versus O2 n = 13 (6.3%)]; Presión meseta [O1 27 (25-30) cmH2O versus O224 (22-27) cmH2O],presión de conducción (ΔP) [O1 15 (13-17) cmH2O versus O2 12 (11-14) cmH2O]; complacencia [O1 40 mL/cmH2O (32-46) versus O2 33 mL/cmH2O (27-40)]; reintubación [O1 30.4% (n=63/207) versus O2 13.7% (n=28/205)]. Se identificaron como factores independientes asociados a mortalidad las siguientes variables: edad [(OR 1.07 (IC 95% 1.05-1.09)], el ΔP en las primeras 24 h [(OR 1.19 (IC 95% 1.10-1.28)] y O2 [OR 1.81 (IC 95% 1.12-2.93); p = 0.015]. Discusión: Durante O2, los pacientes eran más jóvenes. Fue posible lograr una mecánica ventilatoria más ajustada a una estrategia de ventilación protectora. Como conclusión, en los pacientes estudiados la edad y ΔP fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad.
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COVID-19 , Respiração Artificial , Argentina/epidemiologia , COVID-19/terapia , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Estudos Prospectivos , Respiração Artificial/métodos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Resumen Introducción: la información sobre características y resultados ventilatorios que comparen la primera (O1) y segunda (O2) ola de COVID-19 en Argentina son limitados. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue describir las características generales y variables ventilatorias en pacientes COVID-19 que requirieron ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) y comparar las diferencias entre olas. Secundariamente se es tudiaron factores asociados con mortalidad en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Métodos: Realizamos un estudio observacional analítico de cohorte prospectiva que incluyó pacientes mayores de 18 años infectados por SARS-CoV-2 ingresados de forma consecutiva a la unidad de cuidados intensivos, con requerimiento de VMI, entre el 1 de agosto de 2020 y el 30 de junio de 2021. Se incluyeron 412 pacientes. Resultados: Encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.001) en: la edad [O1 64 (55-72) años versus O2 59 (50-66) años]; presencia de EPOC [O1 n = 41 (19.8%) versus O2 n = 13 (6.3%)]; Presión meseta [O1 27 (25-30) cmH2O versus O224 (22-27) cmH2O],presión de conducción (ΔP) [O1 15 (13-17) cmH2O versus O2 12 (11-14) cmH2O]; complacencia [O1 40 mL/cmH2O (32-46) versus O2 33 mL/cmH2O (27-40)]; reintubación [O1 30.4% (n=63/207) versus O2 13.7% (n=28/205)]. Se identificaron como factores independientes asociados a mortalidad las siguientes variables: edad [(OR 1.07 (IC 95% 1.05-1.09)], el ΔP en las primeras 24 h [(OR 1.19 (IC 95% 1.10-1.28)] y O2 [OR 1.81 (IC 95% 1.12-2.93); p = 0.015]. Discusión: Durante O2, los pacientes eran más jóvenes. Fue posible lograr una mecánica ventilatoria más ajustada a una estrategia de ventilación protectora. Como conclusión, en los pacientes estudiados la edad y ΔP fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad.
Abstract Introduction: the information regarding characteristics and ventilatory results comparing the first (W1) and the second wave (W2) in Argentina are limited. The main objective of this study was to describe general charac teristics and ventilatory variables in COVID-19 patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and compare differences between waves. Secondarily, factors associated with mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) were studied. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study that included patients older than 18 years infected with SARS-CoV-2 consecutively admitted to ICU with IMV between August 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021. We included 412 patients. Results: We found statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) in age [W1 64(55-72) vs W2 59 (50-66) years], presence of COPD [W1 n = 42 (19.8%) vs. W2 n = 13(6.3%)], plateau pressure [W1 27(25-30) cm H2O vsW2 24 (22-27) cmH2O], driving pressure (ΔP) [W1 15 (13-17) cmH2O vs. W2 12 (11-14) cm H2O] compliance [W1 40 mL/cmH2O (32-46) vs. W2 = 33 mL/cm H2O (27-40)]; reintubation [W1 30.4% (n = 63/207) vs. W2 13.7% (n = 28/205)]. We identified as independent factors associated with mortality the following variables: age [OR 1.07(95% CI 1.05-1.09)], the ΔP in the first 24 hours [OR 1.19(95% CI 1.10- 1.28)] and W2 [OR 1.81 (95% IC1.12-2.93); p = 0.015. Discussion: During W2 the patients were younger. It was possible to achieve ventilatory mechanics more adjusted to a protective ventilation strategy. In conclusion, in the patients studied, age and ΔP were independent predictors of mortality.
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OBJECTIVES: To explore variables associated with adverse maternal/fetal/neonatal outcomes among pregnant/postpartum patients admitted to ICU for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). METHODS: Multicenter, prospective, national cohort study. RESULTS: Variables independently associated with maternal/fetal/neonatal mortality among 172 patients were as follows: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II (APACHE-II)(OR1.20[1.06-1.35]), gestational age (OR0.698[0.59-0.82]) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)(OR1.004[1.001-1.006]). Positive likelihood ratio for headache, epigastric pain, and visual disturbances to predict composite adverse outcomes were 1.23(1.16-1.30), 0.76(0.59-1.02), and 1.1(0.98-1.2), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal/fetal mortality due to HDP was independently associated with severity of illness on admission, gestational age, and elevated AST. Accuracy of clinical symptoms to predict composite adverse outcomes was low.
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Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/epidemiologia , Pré-Eclâmpsia/epidemiologia , Resultado da Gravidez/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
El cáncer de páncreas resulta una de las patologías oncológicas con mayor índice de mortalidad en Argentina. Dadala importancia y prevalencia de esta afección, en los últimos años se han desarrollado varias alternativas de tratamiento que incluyen cirugía, radioterapia y quimioterapia endovenosa. El FOLFIRINOX es uno de los esquemas dequimioterapia de primera línea en los casos de neoadyuvancia y tumores avanzados. El esquema incluye dos drogasneurotóxicas: Oxaliplatino e Irinotecán. Se presentan dos casos de neurotoxicidad orofaríngea durante la infusiónde quimioterapia: un paciente masculino de 38 años y una femenina de 54. En ambos casos la neurotoxicidad fuereversible espontáneamente. Se plantea la disminución de la velocidad de infusión de oxaliplatino y la separación dela administración de ambas drogas como estrategia para la disminución de los efectos adversos(AU)
Pancreatic cancer is one of the oncological pathologies with the highest mortality rate in Argentina. Given the prevalenceof this condition, several treatments have been developed, including surgery, radiotherapy and intravenous chemotherapy.FOLFIRINOX is one of the first-line chemotherapy schemes in cases of neoadjuvant and advanced tumors. The schemeincludes two highly neurotoxic drugs: Oxaliplatin and Irinotecan. We present two cases of oropharyngeal neurotoxicityduring the chemotherapy infusion. A 38 years old male patient and 54 years old female patient. In both cases theoropharyngeal neurotoxicity was spontaneously reversible. The decrease in the rate of infusion of oxaliplatin and theseparation of the administration of both drugs was the strategy for the reduction of adverse effects(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Síndromes Neurotóxicas , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/terapia , Tratamento Farmacológico , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , DisartriaRESUMO
Los inhibidores del cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2 son un grupo de fármacos que se utilizan en tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2. Un efecto adverso que pueden producir es la cetoacidosis diabética euglucémica, una entidad clínica que se debe conocer para realizar el adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento, suspendiendo la administración de dichos fármacos.
Inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 are a group of drugs used in treatment of type 2 diabetes. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis is an adverse effect that may occur and a clinical entity that should be known for proper diagnosis and treatment, suspending the administration of this medication.
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Humanos , Feminino , /complicações , Cetoacidose Diabética/complicações , Cetoacidose Diabética/diagnóstico , /efeitos adversos , Preparações FarmacêuticasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pregnant/postpartum patients requiring ICUs admission in Argentina, describe characteristics of mothers and outcomes for mothers/babies, evaluate risk factors for maternal-fetal-neonatal mortality; and compare outcomes between patients admitted to public and private health sectors. DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective, national cohort study. SETTING: Twenty ICUs in Argentina (public, 8 and private, 12). PATIENTS: Pregnant/postpartum (< 42 d) patients admitted to ICU. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Three hundred sixty-two patients were recruited, 51% from the public health sector and 49% from the private. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II was 8 (4-12); predicted/observed mortality, 7.6%/3.6%; hospital length of stay, 7 days (5-13 d); and fetal-neonatal losses, 17%. Public versus private health sector patients: years of education, 9 ± 3 versus 15 ± 3; transferred from another hospital, 43% versus 12%; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, 9 (5-13.75) versus 7 (4-9); hospital length of stay, 10 days (6-17 d) versus 6 days (4-9 d); prenatal care, 75% versus 99.4%; fetal-neonatal losses, 25% versus 9% (p = 0.000 for all); and mortality, 5.4% versus 1.7% (p = 0.09). Complications in ICU were multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (34%), shock (28%), renal dysfunction (25%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (20%); all predominated in the public sector. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (during first 24 hr of admission) score of at least 6.5 presented the best discriminative power for maternal mortality. Independent predictors of maternal-fetal-neonatal mortality were Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, education level, prenatal care, and admission to tertiary hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Patients spent a median of 7 days in hospital; 3.6% died. Maternal-fetal-neonatal mortality was determined not only by acuteness of illness but to social and healthcare aspects like education, prenatal control, and being cared in specialized hospitals. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (during first 24 hr of admission), easier to calculate than Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, was a better predictor of maternal outcome. Evident health disparities existed between patients admitted to public versus private hospitals: the former received less prenatal care, were less educated, were more frequently transferred from other hospitals, were sicker at admission, and developed more complications; maternal and fetal-neonatal mortality were higher. These findings point to the need of redesigning healthcare services to account for these inequities.
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Estado Terminal/mortalidade , Hospitais Privados/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Públicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Período Pós-Parto , APACHE , Adulto , Argentina/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Tempo de Internação , Mortalidade Materna , Escores de Disfunção Orgânica , Mortalidade Perinatal , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome that results from the destruction of the skeletal muscle. The one produced by exercise is observed after an intense physical effort. A form of high-intensity exercise called spinning or indoor cycling that involves using a stationary bicycle, has been exceptionally reported as a generating factor of muscular damage in the medical literature. A retrospective study was performed to assess the clinical presentation and the complications shown by nine patients who experienced rhabdomyolysis caused by indoor cycling. The prevailing symptoms were myalgias, asthenia, myoglobinuria and functional impotence of the lower limbs. All the patients showed significant muscular enzyme increases and the values of creatinephosphokinase ranged from 1650 to 165 000 IU/l. Only one of the patients showed kidney failure and another patient showed hypocalcemia; both parameters standardized with treatment. No relationship has been found between the increase of muscular enzymes and the development of complications. The aim of this study is to present a series of cases of rhabdomyolysis caused by indoor cycling and to warn about the risks that this activity may involve.