RESUMO
OBJETIVOS: Pacientes com câncer criticamente enfermos têm maior risco de lesão renal aguda, mas estudos envolvendo estes pacientes são escassos, e todos em centros únicos e realizados em unidades de terapia intensiva especializadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características e desfechos em uma coorte prospectiva de pacientes de câncer internados em diversas unidades de terapia intensiva com lesão renal aguda. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo multicêntrico de coorte realizado em unidades de terapia intensiva de 28 hospitais brasileiros em um período de dois meses. Foram utilizadas regressões logísticas univariada e multivariada para identificar os fatores associados a mortalidade hospitalar. RESULTADOS: Dentre todas as 717 internações a unidades de terapia intensiva, 87 (12 por cento) tiveram lesão renal aguda e 36 por cento deles receberam terapia de substituição renal. A lesão renal se desenvolveu mais frequentemente em pacientes com neoplasias hematológicas do que em pacientes com tumores sólidos (26 por cento x 11 por cento; p=0,003). Isquemia/choque (76 por cento) e sepse (67 por cento) foram os principais fatores associados à lesão renal, e esta foi multifatorial em 79 por cento dos pacientes. A letalidade hospitalar foi de 71 por cento. Os escores de gravidade gerais e específicos para pacientes com lesão renal, foram imprecisos para predizer o prognóstico nestes pacientes. Na análise multivariada, a duração da internação hospitalar antes da unidade de terapia intensiva, disfunções orgânicas agudas, necessidade de ventilação mecânica e um performance status comprometido associaram-se à maior letalidade. Mais ainda, características relacionadas ao câncer não se associaram com os desfechos. CONCLUSÕES: O presente estudo demonstra que internação na unidade de terapia intensiva e suporte avançado à vida devem ser considerados em pacientes selecionados de câncer criticamente enfermos com lesão renal.
OBJECTIVES: Critically ill cancer patients are at increased risk for acute kidney injury, but studies on these patients are scarce and were all single centered conducted in specialized intensive care units. The objective was to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes in a prospective cohort of cancer patients admitted to several intensive care units with acute kidney injury. METHODS: Prospective multicenter cohort study conducted in intensive care units from 28 hospitals in Brazil over a two-month period. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with hospital mortality. RESULTS: Out of all 717 intensive care unit admissions, 87 (12 percent) had acute kidney injury and 36 percent of them received renal replacement therapy. Kidney injury developed more frequently in patients with hematological malignancies than in patients with solid tumors (26 percent vs. 11 percent, P=0.003). Ischemia/shock (76 percent) and sepsis (67 percent) were the main contributing factor for and kidney injury was multifactorial in 79 percent of the patients. Hospital mortality was 71 percent. General and renal-specific severity-of-illness scores were inaccurate in predicting outcomes for these patients. In a multivariate analysis, length of hospital stay prior to intensive care unit, acute organ dysfunctions, need for mechanical ventilation and a poor performance status were associated with increased mortality. Moreover, cancer-related characteristics were not associated with outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that intensive care units admission and advanced life-support should be considered in selected critically ill cancer patients with kidney injury.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: In Brazil, sepsis has a high mortality; and early recognition is essential in outcome. The aim of the study was to evaluate physicians' knowledge about systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock concepts. METHODS: This was a prospective, observational study performed in 21 hospitals in Brazil, which enrolled physicians working in the participant institutions. A previously validated questionnaire was applied to physicians including 5 clinical cases. RESULTS: Twenty-one Brazilian institutions enrolled 917 physicians. The percentage of physicians correctly recognizing SIRS, infection, sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock was 78.2%, 92.6%, 27.3%, 56.7%, and 81.0%, respectively. Intensivists performed better in all diagnoses. There was a significantly higher rate of correct answers for SIRS (P < .001), sepsis (P = .001), and severe sepsis (P = .032) among physicians from university hospitals as compared with those from public hospitals. A mean global score of 3.36 ± 1.08 was found, with better performance for residents (P = .012) and intensivists (P < .001); but no difference was found for emergency physicians (P = .875). CONCLUSION: The prompt recognition of sepsis and its severity is not satisfactory. This difference is probably due to the difficulty in the recognition of organ dysfunction, which hampers early identification of septic patients.
Assuntos
Competência Clínica/estatística & dados numéricos , Corpo Clínico Hospitalar , Sepse/diagnóstico , Adulto , Brasil , Cuidados Críticos , Feminino , Hospitais Privados , Hospitais Públicos , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Infecções/diagnóstico , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Choque Séptico/diagnóstico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/diagnósticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Critically ill cancer patients are at increased risk for acute kidney injury, but studies on these patients are scarce and were all single centered conducted in specialized intensive care units. The objective was to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes in a prospective cohort of cancer patients admitted to several intensive care units with acute kidney injury. METHODS: Prospective multicenter cohort study conducted in intensive care units from 28 hospitals in Brazil over a two-month period. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with hospital mortality. RESULTS: Out of all 717 intensive care unit admissions, 87 (12%) had acute kidney injury and 36% of them received renal replacement therapy. Kidney injury developed more frequently in patients with hematological malignancies than in patients with solid tumors (26% vs. 11%, P=0.003). Ischemia/shock (76%) and sepsis (67%) were the main contributing factor for and kidney injury was multifactorial in 79% of the patients. Hospital mortality was 71%. General and renal-specific severity-of-illness scores were inaccurate in predicting outcomes for these patients. In a multivariate analysis, length of hospital stay prior to intensive care unit, acute organ dysfunctions, need for mechanical ventilation and a poor performance status were associated with increased mortality. Moreover, cancer-related characteristics were not associated with outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that intensive care units admission and advanced life-support should be considered in selected critically ill cancer patients with kidney injury.