RESUMO
Rossi, FE, Diniz, TA, Fortaleza, ACS, Neves, LM, Picolo, MR, Monteiro, PA, Buonani, C, Lira, FS, and Freitas, IF Jr. Concurrent training promoted sustained anti-atherogenic benefits in the fasting plasma triacylglycerolemia of postmenopausal women at 1-year follow-up. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3573-3582, 2018-The aim of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic and concurrent training (aerobic plus strength training) on the lipid profiles of normotriacylglycerolemic and hypertriacylglycerolemic postmenopausal women and to verify whether the benefits of aerobic and concurrent training were sustained after 1 year. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TAG), and glucose were assessed in 46 normotriacylglycerolemic (TAG < 150 mg·dl) postmenopausal women divided into 3 groups: aerobic training, concurrent training (CT), and a control group. For CT group, hypertriacylglycerolemic postmenopausal women were recruited (TAG ≥ 150 mg·dl, n = 14). Total daily caloric consumption and free-living physical activity were evaluated by dietary questionnaires and accelerometer, respectively, and fat mass by DXA. In 16 weeks, CT was effective in increasing HDL-c (normotriacylglycerolemic: pre = 57.1 ± 17.3 mg·dl × post = 64.3 ± 16.1 mg·dl p = 0.020 and hypertriacylglycerolemic: pre = 44.7 ± 9.6 mg·dl × post = 50.3 ± 15.3 mg·dl; p = 0.012) and reducing the atherogenic index in normotriacylglycerolemic (pre = 3.6 ± 0.9 mg·dl × post = 3.0 ± 0.6 mg·dl; p = 0.003) and hypertriacylglycerolemic (pre = 5.2 ± 1.1 mg·dl × post = 4.7 ± 1.2 mg·dl; p = 0.018) postmenopausal women. In addition, the effects were sustained at the 1-year follow-up only among the hypertriacylglycerolemic postmenopausal women. The anti-atherogenic status in normotriacylglycerolemic and hypertriacylglycerolemic postmenopausal women was changed by CT but without significant differences between groups. Furthermore, these benefits are sustained at the 1-year follow-up among the hypertriacylglycerolemic subjects.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Pós-Menopausa , Treinamento Resistido , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Idoso , Glicemia , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Jejum , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A retrospective study was performed on 169 beef and dairy calves aged from 1 to 7 days old submitted to the Diagnostic Laboratories at INTA Balcarce, Argentina. Bacterial culture was performed for aerobic and microaerophilic organisms. Samples from spleen and lymph nodes, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were also cultured for viral isolation on cell culture. Bovine rotavirus was detected by direct-ELISA. Multiple tissue samples were fixed in 10% formalin, routinely processed and Stained with hematoxylin and eosin for microscopic examination. Etiological diagnosis was made in 70 of the 169 calves. Infectious agents were identified in 49 cases, the most common being Escherichia coli. When the histopathological examination was performed in cases with undetermined diagnosis, it was noted that 44 specimens had histological lesions, which suggested the presence of an infectious agent. In order to characterize the causes of bovine neonatal mortality, the protocols and methodology should be improved in further works.
Assuntos
Animais Recém-Nascidos , Doenças dos Bovinos/mortalidade , Infecções/veterinária , Animais , Argentina , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Feminino , Infecções/mortalidade , Masculino , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
A retrospective study was performed on 169 beef and dairy calves aged from 1 to 7 days old submitted to the Diagnostic Laboratories at INTA Balcarce, Argentina. Bacterial culture was performed for aerobic and microaerophilic organisms. Samples from spleen and lymph nodes, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were also cultured for viral isolation on cell culture. Bovine rotavirus was detected by direct-ELISA. Multiple tissue samples were fixed in 10% formalin, routinely processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for microscopic examination. Etiological diagnosis was made in 70 of the 169 calves. Infectious agents were identified in 49 cases, the most common being Escherichia coli. When the histopathological examination was performed in cases with undetermined diagnosis, it was noted that 44 specimens had histological lesions, which suggested the presence of an infectious agent. In order to characterize the causes of bovine neonatal mortality, the protocols and methodology should be improved in further works.
Se realizó un estudio restrospectivo en 169 terneros muertos 1 a 7 días después del nacimiento pertenecientes a rodeos para carne y leche, remitidos a los Laboratorios de Diagnóstico del INTA Balcarce, Argentina. Para detectar organismos aeróbicos y microaerófilos se realizó el cultivo bacteriano. Para el aislamiento viral sobre cultivo celular, se recolectaron muestras de bazo, ganglios linfáticos y sangre periférica. El rotavirus bovino fue identificado por ELISA directo. Se efectuó el examen microscópico de diferentes tejidos, los cuales fueron fijados en formol al 10%, procesados y teñidos con hematoxilina y eosina. Se obtuvo un diagnóstico etiológico en 70 de los 169 terneros. Se identificaron agentes infecciosos en 49 casos, siendo el más común Escherichia coli. En los casos con diagnóstico indeterminado, el examen histopatológico realizado determinó que 44 especímenes poseían lesiones compatibles con la presencia de agentes infecciosos. Es necesario mejorar los protocolos y las metodologías de trabajo a los fines de caracterizar las causas de mortalidad neonatal en bovinos.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Feminino , Masculino , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Doenças dos Bovinos/mortalidade , Infecções/veterinária , Argentina , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Infecções/mortalidade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Faecal samples from 76 diarrhoeic calves belonging to 36 farms located in the Pampas plain, Argentina, were examined for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). A total of 15 STEC strains were isolated from 12 (15.8%) calves which came from six different farms. All stx positive strains assayed by PCR were also positives in the Vero cell cytotoxicity test. The majority (60.0%) of the STEC strains carried the stx(1) gene. Twelve (80.0%) of the STEC isolates which belonged to serotypes O5:H- (n = 4), O26:H11 (n = 4), O26:H- (n = 1), O111:H- (n = 2), and O123:H38 (n = 1) were also enterohaemolysin (EHly) positive and carried the gene encoding for intimin (eae). All the stx positive strains were negative for the bfpA gene. Localized adherence to HEp-2 cells were observed in 83.3% of the eae+ STEC strains. STEC belonging to serotype O5:H- showed atypical biochemical properties, including urease production. Urease was also produced by two strains belonging to serotypes O153:H? and non-typeable, respectively. Resistance to three or more antibiotics was observed in 12 (80.0%) of the STEC isolates. Most of the serotypes of STEC recovered in this survey carried virulence traits that are associated with increased human and bovine pathogenicity. The present study shows that highly virulent STEC strains are being shed by diarrhoeic calves from farms located in a high incidence area of human STEC infections.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Diarreia/veterinária , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Argentina/epidemiologia , Aderência Bacteriana , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/etiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Primers do DNA , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/fisiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Fenótipo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Toxinas ShigaRESUMO
CS31A is a K88-related non-fimbrial adhesin first described on Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrhoeic and septicaemic calves. In this report, CS31A antigen was screened by immunological methods and confirmed by PCR among bovine E. coli isolates. In addition, CS31A-producing strains were characterized with respect to different fimbrial antigens, O-serogroup and other properties related to virulence. Faecal or tissue specimens of 100 diarrhoeic or septicaemic calves and 27 older cattle with different pathologies from 71 outbreaks or individual cases that occurred in Buenos Aires province, Argentina, were examined. CS31A + E. coli strains were isolated from 21 (21.0%) calves from 16 outbreaks or individual cases. No CS31A + E. coli was detected in samples from cattle more than 1 year old. Fimbriae F5, F41, F17a and F17b were not detected among the CS31A-producing strains. Three (14.3%) of the CS31A+ E. coli strains expressed the F17c fimbria. All of the 21 isolates exhibited at least one property of septicaemic strains (resistance to serum, production of aerobactin or colicins) but none of them demonstrated heat-stable enterotoxigenic activity. CS31A + E. coli isolates belonged to 10 serogroups, more commonly O8, O7, O17 and O21. The results obtained here confirm the worldwide distribution of CS31A antigen in bovine E. coli strains. However, CS31A + or CS31A + /F17c + E. coli were less frequently isolated than they were in North hemisphere countries.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Diarreia/veterinária , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Infecções por Escherichia coli/veterinária , Proteínas de Escherichia coli , Escherichia coli/patogenicidade , Sepse/veterinária , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Antígenos de Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Argentina/epidemiologia , Aderência Bacteriana , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Bovinos , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Diarreia/microbiologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida/veterinária , Escherichia coli/classificação , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/imunologia , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Escherichia coli/epidemiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Fímbrias Bacterianas/imunologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Sepse/epidemiologia , Sepse/microbiologiaRESUMO
In Argentina Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis is routinely diagnosed by direct immunofluorescence test. Generally, the hyperimmune sera used for this test are obtained from rabbits and less often from goats. In this work, a chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) extract was conjugated and its ability to detect campylobacters with the regular conjugate prepared with rabbit sera was comparatively evaluated. Both conjugates were independently evaluated by two laboratories, named "Azul" (Lab A) and "Balcarce" (Lab B). Animals were immunised with formalin inactivated Campylobacter (C.) fetus cells. Chicken IgY and rabbit IgG were conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate and used to comparatively examine strains of C. fetus subspp., other Campylobacter spp. and different bacterial species. Both conjugates had a high percentage rate of detection for C. fetus. IgY had less background due to unspecific fluorescence than IgG. IgY is a cheap, bloodless and very productive method. IgY can replace mammal immunoglobulins for C. fetus diagnosis.
Assuntos
Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Campylobacter fetus , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Animais , Argentina , Vacinas Bacterianas , Infecções por Campylobacter/diagnóstico , Campylobacter fetus/imunologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Galinhas , Gema de Ovo , Fluoresceína-5-Isotiocianato , Imunofluorescência , Imunoglobulina G , Imunoglobulinas , Coelhos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologiaRESUMO
Se evaluó el desempeño de los medios agar Rambach, agar xilosa-lisina-desoxicolato (XLD) con el agregado de diferentes concentraciones de tergitol tipo 4 o sulfato de sodio y de 7-etil-2-metil-4-undecanol (XLDT4), agar Salmonella-Shigella (SS) y agar sulfito de bismuto según Wilson-Blair (SB) utilizando serovariedades de Salmonella spp. y otras especies bacterianas de la flora intestinal de las aves. Los medios de cultivo selectivos fueron evaluados mediante recuento de bacterias viables, comparando estos resultados con los del agar base Columbia (ABC) adicionado con sangre bovina al 7 por ciento, para lo cual se emplearon las serovariedades de Salmonella spp. que con mayor frecuencia se aíslan en las aves de nuestro país. Además se analizaron muestras provenientes de pollos experimentalmente inoculados con distintas serovariedades de Salmonella. Los medios Rambach, SS y XLD o XLDT4 son adecuados para el aislamiento de salmonelas. En cambio el agar SB fue muy inhibidor para las salmonelas de interés veterinario. El agregado de novobiocina o tergitol al medio XLD no inhibio completamente a todas las cepas de Proteus. En el agar Rambach comercial no creció ninguna de las cepas de Proteus que habían desarrollado en los otros medios. Diversas bacterias contaminantes produjeron colonias similares a Salmonella en los agares Rambach, SS, XLD y XLDT4. Dado que las especies bacterianas contaminantes que desarrollan en los medios de cultivo son diferentes, es recomendable optimizar el diagnóstico sembrando las muestras en los agares SS, XLD o XLDT4 y simultáneamente también en agar Rambach
Assuntos
Galinhas/microbiologia , Meios de Cultura , Salmonella/classificação , Salmonella/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Zoonoses/microbiologia , ArgentinaRESUMO
Se evaluó el desempeño de los medios agar Rambach, agar xilosa-lisina-desoxicolato (XLD) con el agregado de diferentes concentraciones de tergitol tipo 4 o sulfato de sodio y de 7-etil-2-metil-4-undecanol (XLDT4), agar Salmonella-Shigella (SS) y agar sulfito de bismuto según Wilson-Blair (SB) utilizando serovariedades de Salmonella spp. y otras especies bacterianas de la flora intestinal de las aves. Los medios de cultivo selectivos fueron evaluados mediante recuento de bacterias viables, comparando estos resultados con los del agar base Columbia (ABC) adicionado con sangre bovina al 7 por ciento, para lo cual se emplearon las serovariedades de Salmonella spp. que con mayor frecuencia se aíslan en las aves de nuestro país. Además se analizaron muestras provenientes de pollos experimentalmente inoculados con distintas serovariedades de Salmonella. Los medios Rambach, SS y XLD o XLDT4 son adecuados para el aislamiento de salmonelas. En cambio el agar SB fue muy inhibidor para las salmonelas de interés veterinario. El agregado de novobiocina o tergitol al medio XLD no inhibio completamente a todas las cepas de Proteus. En el agar Rambach comercial no creció ninguna de las cepas de Proteus que habían desarrollado en los otros medios. Diversas bacterias contaminantes produjeron colonias similares a Salmonella en los agares Rambach, SS, XLD y XLDT4. Dado que las especies bacterianas contaminantes que desarrollan en los medios de cultivo son diferentes, es recomendable optimizar el diagnóstico sembrando las muestras en los agares SS, XLD o XLDT4 y simultáneamente también en agar Rambach (AU)
Assuntos
Zoonoses/microbiologia , Galinhas/microbiologia , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Salmonella/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Salmonella/classificação , Meios de Cultura , ArgentinaRESUMO
Rambach agar, xylose-lysine-deoxycholate agar (XLD) with different concentrations of Tergitol 4 or 7 ethyl-2 methyl-4 undecanol hydrogen sulphate, sodium salt (XLDT4), Salmonella-Shigella agar (SS) and bismuth sulfite agar according to Wilson-Blair (BS) were evaluated using Salmonella spp. serovars and other bacterial species from the intestinal flora of poultry. Growth of the most common Salmonella serovars isolated from chickens in our country were evaluated using a viable counting technique on the different selective media and these results were compared with those obtained on Columbia base (ABC) agar plus 7% bovine blood (Table 1). Samples from Salmonella experimentally inoculated chickens were also examined. Results showed that Rambach, SS and XLD or XLDT4 were all satisfactory for isolation of Salmonella. Bismuth Sulfite agar was too inhibitory for bacteria important in veterinary practice. The characteristic colonies of Salmonella and other common fecal contaminant bacteria growing on SS, Rambach, XLDT4 and SB are shown in Table 2. Addition of tergitol or novobiocin to XLD agar did not completely inhibit the growth of all Proteus spp. strains examined. None of the Proteus spp. strains able to multiply on SS, XLD or XLDT4 agar grew on the commercial Rambach agar. Several different contaminant bacterial species produced Salmonella-like colonies on Rambach, SS, XLD and XLDT4 agars. Because these contaminant bacterial species are different it is advisable to improve the diagnosis by culturing samples on SS, XLD or XLDT4 agar and also simultaneously on Rambach agar.
Assuntos
Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Meios de Cultura , Contaminação de Alimentos , Carne/microbiologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/microbiologia , Salmonelose Animal/microbiologia , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Ágar , Animais , Bismuto , Bovinos/sangue , Galinhas/microbiologia , Ácido Desoxicólico , Enterobacteriaceae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiologia , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/veterinária , Álcoois Graxos , Lisina , Poloxaleno , Especificidade da Espécie , XiloseRESUMO
Rambach agar, xylose-lysine-deoxycholate agar (XLD) with different concentrations of Tergitol 4 or 7 ethyl-2 methyl-4 undecanol hydrogen sulphate, sodium salt (XLDT4), Salmonella-Shigella agar (SS) and bismuth sulfite agar according to Wilson-Blair (BS) were evaluated using Salmonella spp. serovars and other bacterial species from the intestinal flora of poultry. Growth of the most common Salmonella serovars isolated from chickens in our country were evaluated using a viable counting technique on the different selective media and these results were compared with those obtained on Columbia base (ABC) agar plus 7
bovine blood (Table 1). Samples from Salmonella experimentally inoculated chickens were also examined. Results showed that Rambach, SS and XLD or XLDT4 were all satisfactory for isolation of Salmonella. Bismuth Sulfite agar was too inhibitory for bacteria important in veterinary practice. The characteristic colonies of Salmonella and other common fecal contaminant bacteria growing on SS, Rambach, XLDT4 and SB are shown in Table 2. Addition of tergitol or novobiocin to XLD agar did not completely inhibit the growth of all Proteus spp. strains examined. None of the Proteus spp. strains able to multiply on SS, XLD or XLDT4 agar grew on the commercial Rambach agar. Several different contaminant bacterial species produced Salmonella-like colonies on Rambach, SS, XLD and XLDT4 agars. Because these contaminant bacterial species are different it is advisable to improve the diagnosis by culturing samples on SS, XLD or XLDT4 agar and also simultaneously on Rambach agar.