RESUMO

This work aims to study an alternative technique of cecectomy in roosters using inhalation anesthesia for subsequent use in digestibility experiments. A total of 30 adult chickens of Leghorn breed were used with an average age of 27 wk. The birds were preoxygenated, and the anesthetic induction was performed using isoflurane diluted in oxygen. After proper muscle relaxation, endotracheal intubation was performed using a Murphy catheter and kept in anesthesia under mechanical ventilation with a constant monitoring of electrocardiography variables, heart rate, oxyhemoglobin saturation, and body temperature during the surgical procedure. An incision of approximately 3 cm was made between keel and cloaca in order to expose and extirpate the cecum followed by a simple ligature. The opening of the peritoneal cavity was closed in 2 ways: Sultan suture technique was used for closing the abdominal wall and modified Cushing intradermic continuous points for closing the skin. The time for anesthesia induction and preoperational period noted to be 10 ± 2 min. Surgical procedures completed in 7 ± 1.5 min. No intraoperatively and postoperatively harm observed in animals. Water was immediately provided after the birds returned to cages and feed offered after 24 h of surgery. In remaining birds, no abnormalities were observed during and after the experimental period (3 mo). The present study describes a promising update on cecectomy technique regarding anesthesia induction and surgical procedures in roosters using potential drugs and safer surgical materials without any trans- and postoperative complications.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A digestibility assay was conducted in order to determine the digestibility coefficients (DC) of amino acids of feed ingredients in cecectomized adult roosters. In total 48 cecectomized adult roosters were used to assess the coefficient of digestibility of 7 ingredients: corn, soybean meal, soybean concentrate, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, peanut meal, and feather meal. Each ingredient was replicated six times and a group of 6 rooster was used to measure endogenous amino acid losses. After 48 hours of fasting, the roosters were tube fed 20g of ingredients tested twice during a day. At 12 hour-intervals excreta and endogenous losses were collected and immediately freeze-dried for further chemical analysis. At the end of the assay, excreta were weighed and samples of ingredients, excreta, and endogenous losses were pooled and analysed for dry matter, nitrogen and amino acid content. The coefficients of indispensable amino acids for the most feed ingredients assessed in the current research were similar to published literature like AMINODat®5.0 and the 4th edition of the Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine, except feather meal, in which only digestible Trp and Thr content were similar to literature. Particularly, the coefficients for some amino acids like Arg and Gly exhibited large discrepancies from literature in almost all the feed ingredients assessed herein. In general, using cecectomized adult roosters proved to be a reliable technique to assess the digestibility of feed ingredients used in poultry diets.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A digestibility assay was conducted in order to determine the digestibility coefficients (DC) of amino acids of feed ingredients in cecectomized adult roosters. In total 48 cecectomized adult roosters were used to assess the coefficient of digestibility of 7 ingredients: corn, soybean meal, soybean concentrate, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, peanut meal, and feather meal. Each ingredient was replicated six times and a group of 6 rooster was used to measure endogenous amino acid losses. After 48 hours of fasting, the roosters were tube fed 20g of ingredients tested twice during a day. At 12 hour-intervals excreta and endogenous losses were collected and immediately freeze-dried for further chemical analysis. At the end of the assay, excreta were weighed and samples of ingredients, excreta, and endogenous losses were pooled and analysed for dry matter, nitrogen and amino acid content. The coefficients of indispensable amino acids for the most feed ingredients assessed in the current research were similar to published literature like AMINODat®5.0 and the 4th edition of the Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine, except feather meal, in which only digestible Trp and Thr content were similar to literature. Particularly, the coefficients for some amino acids like Arg and Gly exhibited large discrepancies from literature in almost all the feed ingredients assessed herein. In general, using cecectomized adult roosters proved to be a reliable technique to assess the digestibility of feed ingredients used in poultry diets.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A reprodução é considerada uma das bases fundamentais da bovinocultura mundial e, quando não se atinge um desempenho reprodutivo adequado, pode representar grandes perdas econômicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar os efeitos causados à genitália da fêmea bovina pelo dispositivo intravaginal siliconado de progestágeno, implantado para sincronização do estro, comparando-os a um grupo com implante auricular, sob os aspectos clínico, citológico e a taxa de prenhez. Foram utilizadas 29 vacas Nelore, com idades entre três e seis anos, divididas em dois grupos. Foram realizadas a palpação retal, a vaginoscopia e a coleta de material para citologia vaginal, em ambos os grupos, antes da aplicação dos implantes de progesterona e no dia da inseminação artificial. A eficiência de ambos foi a mesma quanto à sincronização do estro, porém algumas vacas que receberam dispositivos intravaginais apresentaram vaginite, o que interferiu negativamente na taxa de prenhez. Conclui-se que animais com inflamação vaginal classificada como igual ou superior ao 2º grau, de acordo com a vaginoscopia, podem apresentar problemas em conceber e redução na taxa de prenhez, sendo necessário o tratamento deles.

Reproduction is considered one of the fundamental bases of cattle world and when it not reaches an adequate reproductive performance, can have large economic losses. The objective of this study was to observe the effects of bovine female genitalia of the implanted intravaginal silicone device of progesterone for estrus synchronization, comparing them to a group with ear implant under the clinical, cytological and pregnancy rate. We used 29 cows, Nellore, aged between three to six years, divided into two groups. Rectal palpation was performed, vaginoscopy and collecting material for vaginal cytology in both groups, before application of the implants of progesterone and on the day of artificial insemination. The efficiency of both were the same the synchronization of estrus, however some cows that received intravaginally devices had vaginitis that interfered negatively with pregnancy rate. It is concluded that animals with degree of inflammation 2 may have implications for pregnancy rates, having trouble conceiving, it is necessary to treat them.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A identificação eletrônica apresenta-se como uma tecnologia inovadora na monitorização de animais, com uma série de vantagens quando comparada aos métodos tradicionais. Foram utilizados 30 reprodutores de rã-touro (Lithobates catesbeianus) com peso médio de 376,57 g. Os tratamentos foram correspondentes aos diferentes locais de implante: 1) região temporal e 2) região coxal. Os implantes na região temporal apresentaram uma distância de migração ≥10 mm, fato observado em 55,33% dos animais. No entanto, os microchips implantados na coxa migraram um trajeto muito inferior (≤2 mm), observado em 20% dos animais. O local mais indicado a receber o implante dos microchips foi a região coxal, por apresentar ótima aceitabilidade pelo animal e não desencadear inflamação ou rejeição. O implante ficou dentro de um limite não crítico de movimentação no corpo do animal.

The electronic identification presents itself as a new technology for the monitoring of animals, having a number of advantages compared to traditional methods. A total of 30 breeding bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) with average weight of 376.57 g were used. The treatments were the different implant sites: 1) the temporal region and 2) coxal region. The implants had a temporal region of the migration distance ≥10 mm observed at 55.33% of the animals. However, the implanted microchip thigh migrated a path much less (≤2 mm) was observed in 20% of animals. The most suitable place to receive the implant of microchips was the coxal region, due to its overall acceptability by the animal and not triggers inflammation or rejection, getting within a limit not critical movement in the animal body.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A identificação eletrônica apresenta-se como uma tecnologia inovadora na monitorização de animais, com uma série de vantagens quando comparada aos métodos tradicionais. Foram utilizados 30 reprodutores de rã-touro (Lithobates catesbeianus) com peso médio de 376,57 g. Os tratamentos foram correspondentes aos diferentes locais de implante: 1) região temporal e 2) região coxal. Os implantes na região temporal apresentaram uma distância de migração ≥10 mm, fato observado em 55,33% dos animais. No entanto, os microchips implantados na coxa migraram um trajeto muito inferior (≤2 mm), observado em 20% dos animais. O local mais indicado a receber o implante dos microchips foi a região coxal, por apresentar ótima aceitabilidade pelo animal e não desencadear inflamação ou rejeição. O implante ficou dentro de um limite não crítico de movimentação no corpo do animal. (AU)

The electronic identification presents itself as a new technology for the monitoring of animals, having a number of advantages compared to traditional methods. A total of 30 breeding bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) with average weight of 376.57 g were used. The treatments were the different implant sites: 1) the temporal region and 2) coxal region. The implants had a temporal region of the migration distance ≥10 mm observed at 55.33% of the animals. However, the implanted microchip thigh migrated a path much less (≤2 mm) was observed in 20% of animals. The most suitable place to receive the implant of microchips was the coxal region, due to its overall acceptability by the animal and not triggers inflammation or rejection, getting within a limit not critical movement in the animal body. (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A reprodução é considerada uma das bases fundamentais da bovinocultura mundial e, quando não se atinge um desempenho reprodutivo adequado, pode representar grandes perdas econômicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar os efeitos causados à genitália da fêmea bovina pelo dispositivo intravaginal siliconado de progestágeno, implantado para sincronização do estro, comparando-os a um grupo com implante auricular, sob os aspectos clínico, citológico e a taxa de prenhez. Foram utilizadas 29 vacas Nelore, com idades entre três e seis anos, divididas em dois grupos. Foram realizadas a palpação retal, a vaginoscopia e a coleta de material para citologia vaginal, em ambos os grupos, antes da aplicação dos implantes de progesterona e no dia da inseminação artificial. A eficiência de ambos foi a mesma quanto à sincronização do estro, porém algumas vacas que receberam dispositivos intravaginais apresentaram vaginite, o que interferiu negativamente na taxa de prenhez. Conclui-se que animais com inflamação vaginal classificada como igual ou superior ao 2º grau, de acordo com a vaginoscopia, podem apresentar problemas em conceber e redução na taxa de prenhez, sendo necessário o tratamento deles. (AU)

Reproduction is considered one of the fundamental bases of cattle world and when it not reaches an adequate reproductive performance, can have large economic losses. The objective of this study was to observe the effects of bovine female genitalia of the implanted intravaginal silicone device of progesterone for estrus synchronization, comparing them to a group with ear implant under the clinical, cytological and pregnancy rate. We used 29 cows, Nellore, aged between three to six years, divided into two groups. Rectal palpation was performed, vaginoscopy and collecting material for vaginal cytology in both groups, before application of the implants of progesterone and on the day of artificial insemination. The efficiency of both were the same the synchronization of estrus, however some cows that received intravaginally devices had vaginitis that interfered negatively with pregnancy rate. It is concluded that animals with degree of inflammation 2 may have implications for pregnancy rates, having trouble conceiving, it is necessary to treat them. (AU)

Assuntos