RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Excisional hemorrhoidectomy remains the most effective treatment for a significant group of patients with hemorrhoids, despite the potential for postoperative pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of flavonoid and metronidazole use in the postoperative period on patients undergoing excisional hemorrhoidectomy. METHODS: A double-blind randomized clinical study was performed. Sixty-eight patients underwent excisional hemorrhoidectomy and were randomized into 4 groups of 17 patients each to receive double-placebo (G1), metronidazole plus placebo (G2), flavonoids plus placebo (G3) or metronidazole plus flavonoids (G4) in the postoperative period. A standard analgesic protocol was offered equally for all groups. Postoperative pain, bleeding, edema, pruritus and tenesmus were evaluated during the following three periods: from immediately after the operation until postoperative day (POD)7, from POD 8 to POD 14, and from POD 15 to POD 30. The patients were required to complete symptom questionnaires and to attend postoperative follow-up on PODs 7, 14 and 30. The effect of each drug was assessed for each symptom, and the groups were compared with each other and over time. RESULTS: There was less severe pain in all postoperative periods in the groups using flavonoids (G3 and G4, both p < 0.0001), with an observed synergistic effect of flavonoids combined with metronidazole during the first 14 days after surgery (p < 0.0001). Flavonoid use was also associated with decreased bleeding (G3, p = 0.031 and G4, p = 0.016) between the first and second postoperative weeks CONCLUSIONS: The use of flavonoids alone and in combination with metronidazole resulted in a reduction of most symptoms, particularly pain, after excisional hemorrhoidectomy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The present study was registered in the SISNEP (document CAAE-0035.0.240.000-11), after approval by the research ethics committee (CEP) of the Hospital Felício Rocho (protocol nº393 / 11).
Assuntos
Hemorroidectomia , Hemorroidas , Método Duplo-Cego , Flavonoides/uso terapêutico , Hemorroidectomia/efeitos adversos , Hemorroidas/cirurgia , Humanos , Metronidazol , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the fourth most consumed oleaginous plant in the world, producing seeds with high contents of lipids, proteins, vitamins, and carbohydrates. Biological activities of different extracts of this species have already been evaluated by many researchers, including antioxidant, antitumoral, and antibacterial. In this work, the allelopathic activity of extracts from different Brazilian peanut cultivars against lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and two weed plants (Commelina benghalensis and Ipomoea nil) was studied. Aerial parts, roots, seeds, and seed coats were used for the preparation of crude extracts. Seed extract partitioning was performed with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous residue. Germination and growth of hypocotyls and rootlets were evaluated after one and five days of incubation with plant extracts, respectively. Crude seed extract and its dichloromethanic partition displayed highest allelopathic activity. These results contribute for the study of new potential natural herbicides.
Assuntos
Alelopatia , Arachis/química , Lactuca/fisiologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Plantas Daninhas/fisiologia , Brasil , Germinação , Sementes/químicaRESUMO
Passiflora suberosa is a tropical species used as an ornamental, in popular medicine and in improvement programs. The goal of this study was the development of in vitro conservation strategies for this species, including medium-term storage through slow growth, and long-term storage through cryopreservation using vitrification-based techniques. Plants were maintained under slow growth conditions on half strength MSM or one quarter strength MSM medium for 12 months without decrease in regrowth ability. The efficiency of vitrification and encapsulation-vitrification protocols was compared in order to determine the optimal conditions for successful cryopreservation. Several parameters were evaluated, including pregrowth on medium with high sucrose concentrations, type of vitrification solution (PVS2 and PVS3), exposure time to vitrification solutions, and recovery conditions. The highest recovery was obtained with the encapsulation-vitrification protocol after a pretreatment with 0.3 M sucrose and post-cryopreservation incubation in the dark for 30 days on MSM medium supplemented with 0.44 micromole BA.
Assuntos
Criopreservação/métodos , Passiflora/fisiologia , Brotos de Planta/fisiologia , Ácido Abscísico/farmacologia , Crioprotetores/farmacologia , Meios de Cultura , Passiflora/efeitos dos fármacos , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/farmacologia , Brotos de Planta/efeitos dos fármacos , Soluções , Sacarose/farmacologia , Vitrificação/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
A storage protocol at cryogenic temperature was established for shoot apices from in vitro plants of the cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and wild Arachis species (A. retusa and A. burchellii) using a basic vitrification protocol with direct immersion in liquid nitrogen (LN). The effect of pre-treatments of donor-plants with ABA as well as of different supplements in the post-thaw culture medium was studied. After rapid warming at 40 C, the explants were cultured on MS medium devoid of growth regulators (MS0) or MS supplemented with 4.4(M benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5(M naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) plus 5(M silver nitrate (AgNO3), 0.25% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or 0.2% activated charcoal. Non-frozen explants from the three species formed one shoot through meristematic amplification when cultured on MS0 medium. These explants also developed callus on MS supplemented with growth regulators (4.4(M BAP and 0.5(M NAA) alone or plus PVP or AgNO3. Callus formation was suppressed in the presence of activated charcoal. Post-thaw regeneration ocurred only through indirect organogenesis on media containing AgNO3 or PVP. Preculturing on medium supplemented with abscisic acid (ABA) improved regrowth rate in these media. Recovery failed to occur in the presence of activated charcoal. The genetic stability of shoots of A. burchellii originated from shoot apices was analyzed through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers.
Assuntos
Arachis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Arachis/genética , Criopreservação/métodos , Variação Genética/fisiologia , Meristema/fisiologia , Ácido Abscísico/administração & dosagem , Crioprotetores/administração & dosagem , Meios de Cultura/química , Técnicas de Cultura , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/farmacologia , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , Valores de Referência , Regeneração/genética , Regeneração/fisiologiaRESUMO
The effects of two methods of cryopreservation involving chemical vitrification and air desiccation) were studied on isolated embryonic axes of A. hypogaea. Vitrification with PVS2 and desiccation in a laminar flow cabinet resulted in high levels (70-90%) of whole plant recovery after cryopreservation. A desiccation protocol based on 1h exposure of explants to the air flow was successfully applied to six wild species of section Extranervosae, resulting in recovery levels of 70-90% after liquid nitrogen treatment.
Assuntos
Arachis/embriologia , Criopreservação/métodos , Dessecação/métodos , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Crioprotetores/farmacologia , Dimetil Sulfóxido/farmacologia , Glicerol/farmacologia , Nitrogênio , Brotos de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Sementes/efeitos dos fármacos , Sacarose/farmacologiaRESUMO
Morphogenesis from several explant types excised from in-vitro-grown plantlets of a Brazilian eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) variety (F-100) was evaluated in response to thidiazuron (TDZ). Leaves and cotyledons were found to be the most responsive explants. Optimal shoot bud induction rates (75-100 buds/explant) were achieved in the presence of 0.2 µM TDZ. Organogenic calli were transferred to growth regulator free MS medium before shoot excision. Rooting was induced on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.6 µM IAA.
RESUMO
O envolvimento cardíaco ocorre em 25 'por cento' a 50 'por cento' dos pacientes com S.I.D.A., quando analisados por ecocardiografia, biópsia miocárdica ou necrópsia. As manifestaçöes clínicas afetam 10 'por cento' dos pacientes, sendo a insuficiência cardíaca a mais frequente. Descrevemos a evolução de um paciente que tinha teste positivo para H.I.V. e miocardite como a primeira manifestação clínica da doença - a miocardite estava associada com arritmias complexas e bloqueio atrioventricular, havendo necessidade de implante de um marcapasso definitivo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Miocardite/complicações , Miocardite/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , Albuterol/administração & dosagem , Homossexualidade Masculina/história , Metilprednisolona/administração & dosagemRESUMO
The effect of parameters involved in the transformation efficiency of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed tissues by direct gene transfer using a helium inflow particle bombardment device was evaluated. Transient gene expression was affected by both particle and DNA amounts, and was positively correlated with gene copy number, as determined byß-glucuronidase (GUS) activity assays. No influence of plasmid size on GUS gene expression was observed. Transcriptional control of GUS by either the CaMV 35S or the 2S promoter from Brazil nut 2S albumin gene varied with the developmental stage of the seed and was approximately tenfold greater under the influence of the 35S promoter than under the 2S promoter. The gene products of both the Brazil nut methionine-rich 2S albumin and GUS genes under the transcriptional control of the 35S promoter were detected by ELISA assays.
Assuntos
Agricultura/métodos , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/genética , Arachis/genética , Engenharia Genética/métodos , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas , Transfecção/métodos , Arginina/análogos & derivados , Arginina/análise , Proteínas de Bactérias/análise , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Conjugação Genética , Cotilédone/microbiologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica , Genes de Plantas , Vetores Genéticos/genética , Glucuronidase/genética , Íntrons , Canamicina Quinase , Oxazinas/análise , Fosfotransferases (Aceptor do Grupo Álcool)/análise , Fosfotransferases (Aceptor do Grupo Álcool)/genética , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Tumores de Planta/microbiologia , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/análise , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/genética , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Introduction of foreign genes into plant tissues via Agrobacterium tumefaciens based vectors requires specific knowledge of Agrobacterium-host compatibility. Therefore, to develop a transformation protocol for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), five Brazilian cultivars were screened with four wild-type A.tumefaciens strains. Successful transformation was dependent on specific bacterial strain-plant cultivar interactions and strain A281 was the most effective for tumor induction. Tumors displayed hormone autonomous growth, were opine positive and contained DNA that was homologous to the T-DNA of the inciting strain. Tumors induced on seed and seedling explants by A281 (pTD02) also expressed the reporter genes gus and npt-II contained in the binary vector. These results show that peanut is a permissive host for the acceptance of genes from specific A.tumefaciens gene vectors.