RESUMO
The remaining filling material after retreatment can harbor bacteria and organic tissues that can influence the outcome of the therapy. AIM: The aim of this study was to evalúate, by micro-CT, the amount of filling material remaining in the root canal after its removal using WaveOne Gold or ProDesign RT. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Forty human mandibular canines were instrumented with the ProTaper Next system up to the X2 instrument (25.06) and filled with gutta-percha cones and AHPlus. Teeth were divided into 2 groups (n=20): WaveOne Gold 25.07 (WOG) and ProDesign RT 25.08 (PRT) for filling removal, after which they were scanned in a micro-CT device to quantify the volume of remaining filling material. The data were subjected to log 10 transformation, Student 's t-test was performed to account for multiple observationsper sample, significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: Student 's t-test showed that there was no difference between the two systems regarding the volume of remaining filling material in the thirds: apical (p = 0.392), middle (p = 0.065), or cervical (p = 0.918). CONCLUSIÓN: Remaining filling material was present in all groups and both systems were similar in removing root filling material in mandibular canines.
A permanencia de material obturador após o retratamento pode abrigar bactérias e tecidos orgánicos que podem influenciar o resultado da terapia. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, por micro-CT, a quantidade de material obturador remanescente no canal radicular após a desobturagdo com WaveOne Gold e ProDesign RT. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Quarenta caninos inferiores humanos foram instrumentados com o sistema ProTaper Next até o instrumento X2 (25.06) e obturados com cones de guta-percha e AHPlus. Os dentes foram divididos em dois grupos (n=20): WaveOne Gold 25.07 (WOG) e ProDesign RT 25.08 (PRT) e escaneados em micro-CT para quantificagdo do volume de material obturador remanescente. Os dados foram submetidos á transformando log 10, o teste t de Student foi realizado para contabilizar múltiplas observagoes por amostra, a significáncia foi fixada em 5%. RESULTADOS: O teste t de Student mostrou que ndo houve diferenga no volume de material obturador remanescente entre os dois sistemas nos tergos: apical (p = 0,392), médio (p = 0,065) ou cervical (p = 0,918). CONCLUSÃO: O material obturador remanescente estavapresente em todos os grupos e ambos os sistemas foram semelhantes na remogdo do material obturador radicular nos caninos inferiores.
Assuntos
Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Humanos , Dente Canino/diagnóstico por imagem , Técnicas In Vitro , Desenho de EquipamentoRESUMO
Knowledge of root canal internal anatomy and its variations is important forproper endodontic treatment. It is therefore necessary to investigate morphological aspects among different dental groups in the same patient to define the best protocol for the case. AIM: To evaluate the morphology and symmetry of homologous incisors, premolars and mandibular molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHOD: Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for the frequency of categorical variables, and a chi-square test or Fisher 's exact test was used to test whether gender and side were associated with number of roots, number of canals, and Vertucci's classification. Forty-five CBCT scans were evaluated, and 444 mandibular teeth were analyzed. The number of roots, number of canals, classification of the canals in each root according to Vertucci and presence of a symmetrical relationship between pairs of posterior teeth were analyzed. RESULTS: The resuls showed that 74% of mandibular central incisors had type I root canal, 26% of mandibular lateral incisors had type I and, with a significant difference in the number of canals between males and females (p < 0.05). In mandibular first premolars, 70.5% had type I; and in mandibular second premolars, 98.5% had type I. Mandibular first molars had two roots in 98% of the cases. Second mandibular molars had two roots in 92.5% of the cases, one root in 6%, and three roots in 1.5%. Symmetry between central incisors was higher in females than in males. CONCLUSIÓN: Teeth of the same group can have different morphologies in the same patient.
0 conhecimento da anatomia interna e suas variagoes anatómicas é fator importante para o adequado tratamento endodóntico. Portanto, é necessário investigar esses aspectos morfológicos entre diferentes grupos dentários de um mesmo paciente para definir o melhor protocolo para o caso. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a morfologia e simetria de incisivos, pré-molares e molares inferiores homólogos por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cónico (TCFC). MATERIAIS E MÉTODO: Foi realizada análise estatística descri-tiva para a frequéncia das variáveis categóricas e foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher para testar a relagao entre sexo e lado em comparagao com número de raízes, número de canais e classificagao de Vertucci. Quarenta e cinco TCFC foram avaliadas e 444 dentes inferiores foram analisados. Foram considerados: o número de raízes, o número de canais, o tipo dos canais acordo com a classificagao de Vertucci e a presenga de relagao simétrica entre pares de dentes posteriores. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que 74% dos incisivos centrais inferiores tinham um canal radicular tipo 1 e 26% tinham dois canais; 73% dos incisivos laterais inferiores, 26%oeram do tipo I, tinham um canal e 27% tinham dois canais, com diferenga significativa no número de canais entre os grupos masculino e feminino (p < 0,05). Nos primeiros pré-molares inferiores, tipo I, um canal foi detectado em 70,5% e dois canais em 29,5%; nos segundos pré-molares inferiores, tipo I, um único canal foi detectado em 98,5%. O primeiro molar inferior foi observado com duas raízes em 98% e tres raízes em 2%o. O segundo molar inferior tinha duas raízes em 92,5% dos casos, uma raiz em 6% e tres raízes em 1,5%. A simetria foi maior nas mulheres em comparagao aos homens nos incisivos centrais. CONCLUSÃO: Pode-se concluir que dentes de um mesmo grupo podem apresentar morfologias diferentes no mesmo paciente.
Assuntos
Dente Pré-Molar , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Cavidade Pulpar , Incisivo , Mandíbula , Dente Molar , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Cavidade Pulpar/anatomia & histologia , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Dente Pré-Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Pré-Molar/anatomia & histologia , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Incisivo/diagnóstico por imagem , Incisivo/anatomia & histologia , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A high prevalence of post-treatment apical periodontitis associated to variables such as endodontic treatment quality and missed canals has been reported. AIM: The aim of this study was to evalúate the quality of endodontic treatment and the frequency of missed canals associated with teeth with apicalperiodontitis (AP) through CBCTin a Colombian sub-population. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This was a cross-sectional study assessing 318 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of endodontically treated teeth from Colombian individuals. The scans were taken using J Morita X550 (J Morita Corporation, Osaka, Japan), with voxel size 0.125 to 0.20 mm. All endodontically treated teeth were assessed for quality of treatment, presence of missed canals and AP. Allsamples were analyzed bytwo endodontics specialists and an radiology specialist. Chi-square or Fisher 's test and odds ratio were calculated to identify the association and risk relationship between the presence of AP and the study variables. RESULTS: Missed canals were found in 18.61% (86/462), and 95.3% were associated with AP. The frequency of AP was 62.34% (288/462) for all the evaluated teeth. AP was found in 27.43 % (79/288) of the teeth with adequate endodontic treatment, in contrast to 72.57% (209/288) of the teeth with inadequate treatment (P<0.01). The frequency of missed canals was highest in maxillary molars, with 55.23% (58/105), with 96.55% presenting AP. The second mesiobuccal canal wasthe most frequently missed canal, 88.52%o(54/61), with AP in 90.74% (49/54) of the cases. CONCLUSIÓN: There was a high frequency of teeth with missed canals and PA. More than half of the teeth with missed canals were maxillary molars, with MB2 being the most common canal, commonly presenting apical periodontitis.
Uma alta prevalência de periodontite apical pós-tratamento associada a variáveis como qualidade do tratamento endodôntico e fracasso do tratamento é relatada na literatura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade do tratamento endodôntico e a frequência e fracasso do tratamento associados a dentes com periodontite apical (PA) por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) em uma subpopulação colombiana. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Este foi um estudo transversal que avaliou 318 tomografias computadorizadas de dentes tratados endodonticamente de indivíduos colombianos. Os exames foram realizados utilizando o tomógrafo J Morita X550, com tamanho de voxel de 0,125 a 0,20 mm. Todos os dentes tratados endodonticamente foram avaliados quanto à qualidade do tratamento, presença de canais não localizados e AP. Todas as amostras foram avaliadas por dois especialistas em endodontia e um especialista em radiologia. Foram calculados o teste qui-quadrado ou de Fisher e a razão de chances para identificar associação e relação de risco entre a presença de PA e as variáveis do estudo. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados canais não localizados em 18,61% (86/462) e 95,3% estavam associados à PA. A frequência de AP foi de 62,34% (288/462) para todos os dentes avaliados. AP foi encontrada em 27,43% (79/288) dos dentes com tratamento endodôntico adequado, em contraste com 72,57% (209/288) dos dentes com tratamento inadequado (P<0,01). A frequência de canais não localizados foi maior nos molares superiores, com 55,23% (58/105), sendo que 96,55% apresentavam PA. O canal mésio-palatino (MB2) apresentou maior frequência de canal não localizado (88,52% - 54/61), com PA em 90,74% (49/54) dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: Houve alta frequência de dentes com canais não localizados e com PA. Mais da metade dos dentes com canais não localizados eram molares superiores, sendo o MB2 é o canal com a maior frequência, comumente apresentando periodontite apical.
Assuntos
Periodontite Periapical , Tratamento do Canal Radicular , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Periodontite Periapical/diagnóstico por imagem , Periodontite Periapical/terapia , Colômbia , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Dente não Vital/diagnóstico por imagem , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto Jovem , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , IdosoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to assess the centralization and dentin thickness of mesial root canals of the first mandibular molars by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Material and methods: Ninety-nine mandibular molars of Vertucci's type IV canals were scanned by micro-CT. The mesiodistal deviation and centroid were assessed, in both mesiobuccal (MB) and mesiolingual (ML) canals, for the apical 4mm and the full canal length. Results: The dentin thickness was similar for both MB and ML canals. The narrowest thickness was in the distal wall of an MB canal (0.07mm), while the widest was found in the mesial wall of an MB canal (2.46mm). In centroid analysis, both the MB and ML canals exhibited deviations when compared to the root centroid, along the full canal length and the apical 4mm. For the MB canal, the mean deviation was 0.83mm (0.02 mm-2.30 mm) for the full canal and 0.18mm (0.01 mm-1.01 mm) for apical 4mm. Similarly, for the ML canal, the mean deviation measured 0.83 mm (0.05mm-3.99mm) for the full canal and 0.21 mm (0.01mm-1.01mm) for the apical 4 mm. Overall, deviations were observed towards the mesial of the roots, with 69% for MB and 57% for ML canals for the full canal, and 51% for MB canals within the 4 mm. The exception was the ML canal, which exhibited a higher deviation towards distal in the apical 4mm, accounting for 52% of cases. The dentin thickness was consistent between the mesial canals of mandibular molars. However, there is no centrality of mesial canals in their roots, with frequent deviation to mesial.
Assuntos
Cavidade Pulpar , Raiz Dentária , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Dentina/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the influence of different preparation tapers on the reduction in planktonic bacteria and biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in the apical third (4 mm) of the mesial roots of mandibular molars, correlating decontamination with canal shape. METHODOLOGY: After microtomography analysis for morphological standardization of the canals, 48 mandibular molar roots, each containing two canals (96 canals), were contaminated with E. faecalis and C. albicans and divided into four groups (n = 11) for canal instrumentation using ProDesign Logic 2 files with different tapers G (.03): # 25.03; G (.04): # 25.04; G (.05): # 25.05; and G (.06): # 25.06 and irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Four roots were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to qualitatively assess biofilm formation. Eight roots were used as the negative control group (samples were not contaminated). Bacteriological samples were taken exclusively from the apical third of the roots before and after chemical-mechanical preparation and bacterial counts were determined (CFU/mL). The final micro-CT scan was used to quantify the volume variation and unprepared canal area in the apical third. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Student-Newman-Keuls and Wilcoxon tests for analysis of microbiological data. anova and the Tukey or Games-Howell test were used for analysis of micro-CT data and Spearman's test for correlations (α = 5%). RESULTS: All groups showed a significant reduction in bacteria (p < .05), with no statistically significant difference between groups. There was no significant difference in per cent volume increase between groups. The unprepared area (Δ%) was affected by the file used (p = .026) and was significantly lower for G (.06) compared to G (.03). There was no statistically significant correlation among bacterial reduction, volume and unprepared area (p > .05). CONCLUSION: The different preparation tapers influenced root canal shaping in the apical third but did not improve decontamination in this region.
Assuntos
Biofilmes , Candida albicans , Cavidade Pulpar , Enterococcus faecalis , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodos , Humanos , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Candida albicans/isolamento & purificação , Candida albicans/fisiologia , Cavidade Pulpar/microbiologia , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipoclorito de Sódio/uso terapêutico , Hipoclorito de Sódio/farmacologia , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Dente Molar/microbiologia , Plâncton , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/administração & dosagem , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/uso terapêutico , Técnicas In Vitro , Ápice Dentário/microbiologia , Ápice Dentário/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
ABSTRACT Knowledge of root canal internal anatomy and its variations is important forproper endodontic treatment. It is therefore necessary to investigate morphological aspects among different dental groups in the same patient to define the best protocol for the case. Aim To evaluate the morphology and symmetry of homologous incisors, premolars and mandibular molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Method Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for the frequency of categorical variables, and a chi-square test or Fisher 's exact test was used to test whether gender and side were associated with number of roots, number of canals, and Vertucci's classification. Forty-five CBCT scans were evaluated, and 444 mandibular teeth were analyzed. The number of roots, number of canals, classification of the canals in each root according to Vertucci and presence of a symmetrical relationship between pairs of posterior teeth were analyzed. Results The resuls showed that 74% of mandibular central incisors had type I root canal, 26% of mandibular lateral incisors had type I and, with a significant difference in the number of canals between males and females (p < 0.05). In mandibular first premolars, 70.5% had type I; and in mandibular second premolars, 98.5% had type I. Mandibular first molars had two roots in 98% of the cases. Second mandibular molars had two roots in 92.5% of the cases, one root in 6%, and three roots in 1.5%. Symmetry between central incisors was higher in females than in males. Conclusión Teeth of the same group can have different morphologies in the same patient.
RESUMO 0 conhecimento da anatomia interna e suas variagoes anatómicas é fator importante para o adequado tratamento endodóntico. Portanto, é necessário investigar esses aspectos morfológicos entre diferentes grupos dentários de um mesmo paciente para definir o melhor protocolo para o caso. Objetivo Avaliar a morfologia e simetria de incisivos, pré-molares e molares inferiores homólogos por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cónico (TCFC). Materiais e Método Foi realizada análise estatística descri-tiva para a frequéncia das variáveis categóricas e foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher para testar a relagao entre sexo e lado em comparagao com número de raízes, número de canais e classificagao de Vertucci. Quarenta e cinco TCFC foram avaliadas e 444 dentes inferiores foram analisados. Foram considerados: o número de raízes, o número de canais, o tipo dos canais acordo com a classificagao de Vertucci e a presenga de relagao simétrica entre pares de dentes posteriores. Resultados Os resultados mostraram que 74% dos incisivos centrais inferiores tinham um canal radicular tipo 1 e 26% tinham dois canais; 73% dos incisivos laterais inferiores, 26%oeram do tipo I, tinham um canal e 27% tinham dois canais, com diferenga significativa no número de canais entre os grupos masculino e feminino (p < 0,05). Nos primeiros pré-molares inferiores, tipo I, um canal foi detectado em 70,5% e dois canais em 29,5%; nos segundos pré-molares inferiores, tipo I, um único canal foi detectado em 98,5%. O primeiro molar inferior foi observado com duas raízes em 98% e tres raízes em 2%o. O segundo molar inferior tinha duas raízes em 92,5% dos casos, uma raiz em 6% e tres raízes em 1,5%. A simetria foi maior nas mulheres em comparagao aos homens nos incisivos centrais. Conclusao Pode-se concluir que dentes de um mesmo grupo podem apresentar morfologias diferentes no mesmo paciente.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT The remaining filling material after retreatment can harbor bacteria and organic tissues that can influence the outcome of the therapy. Aim The aim of this study was to evalúate, by micro-CT, the amount of filling material remaining in the root canal after its removal using WaveOne Gold or ProDesign RT. Material and Method Forty human mandibular canines were instrumented with the ProTaper Next system up to the X2 instrument (25.06) and filled with gutta-percha cones and AHPlus. Teeth were divided into 2 groups (n=20): WaveOne Gold 25.07 (WOG) and ProDesign RT 25.08 (PRT) for filling removal, after which they were scanned in a micro-CT device to quantify the volume of remaining filling material. The data were subjected to log 10 transformation, Student 's t-test was performed to account for multiple observationsper sample, significance was set at 5%. Results Student 's t-test showed that there was no difference between the two systems regarding the volume of remaining filling material in the thirds: apical (p = 0.392), middle (p = 0.065), or cervical (p = 0.918). Conclusión Remaining filling material was present in all groups and both systems were similar in removing root filling material in mandibular canines.
RESUMO A permanencia de material obturador após o retratamento pode abrigar bactérias e tecidos orgánicos que podem influenciar o resultado da terapia. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, por micro-CT, a quantidade de material obturador remanescente no canal radicular após a desobturagdo com WaveOne Gold e ProDesign RT. Material e Método Quarenta caninos inferiores humanos foram instrumentados com o sistema ProTaper Next até o instrumento X2 (25.06) e obturados com cones de guta-percha e AHPlus. Os dentes foram divididos em dois grupos (n=20): WaveOne Gold 25.07 (WOG) e ProDesign RT 25.08 (PRT) e escaneados em micro-CT para quantificagdo do volume de material obturador remanescente. Os dados foram submetidos á transformando log10, o teste t de Student foi realizado para contabilizar múltiplas observagoes por amostra, a significáncia foi fixada em 5%. Resultados O teste t de Student mostrou que ndo houve diferenga no volume de material obturador remanescente entre os dois sistemas nos tergos: apical (p = 0,392), médio (p = 0,065) ou cervical (p = 0,918). Conclusao O material obturador remanescente estavapresente em todos os grupos e ambos os sistemas foram semelhantes na remogdo do material obturador radicular nos caninos inferiores.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT A high prevalence of post-treatment apical periodontitis associated to variables such as endodontic treatment quality and missed canals has been reported. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of endodontic treatment and the frequency of missed canals associated with teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) through CBCT in a Colombian sub-population. Material and Method This was a crosssectional study assessing 318 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of endodontically treated teeth from Colombian individuals. The scans were taken using J Morita X550 (J Morita Corporation, Osaka, Japan), with voxel size 0.125 to 0.20 mm. All endodontically treated teeth were assessed for quality of treatment, presence of missed canals and AP. All samples were analyzed by two endodontics specialists and an radiology specialist. Chi-square or Fisher's test and odds ratio were calculated to identify the association and risk relationship between the presence of AP and the study variables. Results Missed canals were found in 18.61% (86/462), and 95.3% were associated with AP. The frequency of AP was 62.34% (288/462) for all the evaluated teeth. AP was found in 27.43 % (79/288) of the teeth with adequate endodontic treatment, in contrast to 72.57% (209/288) of the teeth with inadequate treatment (P<0.01). The frequency of missed canals was highest in maxillary molars, with 55.23% (58/105), with 96.55% presenting AP. The second mesiobuccal canal was the most frequently missed canal, 88.52% (54/61), with AP in 90.74% (49/54) of the cases. Conclusion There was a high frequency of teeth with missed canals and PA. More than half of the teeth with missed canals were maxillary molars, with MB2 being the most common canal, commonly presenting apical periodontitis.
RESUMO Uma alta prevalência de periodontite apical pós-tratamento associada a variáveis como qualidade do tratamento endodôntico e fracasso do tratamento é relatada na literatura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade do tratamento endodôntico e a frequência e fracasso do tratamento associados a dentes com periodontite apical (PA) por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) em uma subpopulação colombiana. Material e Método Este foi um estudo transversal que avaliou 318 tomografias computadorizadas de dentes tratados endodonticamente de indivíduos colombianos. Os exames foram realizados utilizando o tomógrafo J Morita X550, com tamanho de voxel de 0,125 a 0,20 mm. Todos os dentes tratados endodonticamente foram avaliados quanto à qualidade do tratamento, presença de canais não localizados e AP. Todas as amostras foram avaliadas por dois especialistas em endodontia e um especialista em radiologia. Foram calculados o teste qui-quadrado ou de Fisher e a razão de chances para identificar associação e relação de risco entre a presença de PA e as variáveis do estudo. Resultados Foram encontrados canais não localizados em 18,61% (86/462) e 95,3% estavam associados à PA. A frequência de AP foi de 62,34% (288/462) para todos os dentes avaliados. AP foi encontrada em 27,43% (79/288) dos dentes com tratamento endodôntico adequado, em contraste com 72,57% (209/288) dos dentes com tratamento inadequado (P<0,01). A frequência de canais não localizados foi maior nos molares superiores, com 55,23% (58/105), sendo que 96,55% apresentavam PA. O canal mésio-palatino (MB2) apresentou maior frequência de canal não localizado (88,52% - 54/61), com PA em 90,74% (49/54) dos casos. Conclusão Houve alta frequência de dentes com canais não localizados e com PA. Mais da metade dos dentes com canais não localizados eram molares superiores, sendo o MB2 é o canal com a maior frequência, comumente apresentando periodontite apical.
RESUMO
The objective of the study was to investigate the 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) penetration into the dentinal tubules after different irrigation methods. Seventy canines were stained with 1% crystal violet and divided into groups (n = 20): GEC-EasyClean; GPUI-E1 Irrisonic ultrasonic insert; GXP-XP-Endo finisher; GPC-conventional irrigation and GNC-stained tooth without irrigation. Axial sections (16×) were assessed and irrigant penetration was quantified as a bleaching halo on the surface of the apical, middle and coronal third. In the apical third, GPUI promoted greater NaOCl penetration (p < 0.05). GXP was better than GEC (p < 0.05), as was GPC (p > 0.05). The GPUI and GXP groups were similar in the middle and coronal third (p > 0.05). GPUI and GXP showed better results than GEC (p < 0.05). GPUI was more effective in the apical third and like GXP in the cervical and middle third.
Assuntos
Dentina , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular , Irrigação Terapêutica/métodos , Hipoclorito de Sódio , Ultrassom/métodosRESUMO
AIM: This study compared intracanal removal of filling as well as the frequency and volume of extruded material after retreatment with either HyFlex or Reciproc instruments in mandibular teeth from cadavers. METHODOLOGY: The root canals of 14 pairs of contralateral single-rooted teeth in mandibles of cadavers were instrumented with Reciproc R40 and filled using lateral compaction. The mandibles were scanned in a micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) device before and after retreatment procedures. The contralateral teeth were assigned to two groups (n = 14) according to the retreatment protocol using either HyFlex or Reciproc instrument systems. In the HyFlex group, the HyFlex Remover instrument was worked 3 mm short of the working length (WL), followed by HyFlex CM 40.04 and 50.04 at the WL. In the Reciproc group, the R50 instrument was worked up at the coronal two thirds, followed by two more cycles until the WL was reached. Pre- and post-operative micro-CT images were analysed for extrusion and intracanal removal of filling material. RESULTS: After retreatment, extrusion of filling material occurred in 11 (78%) and 14 (100%) teeth from HyFlex and Reciproc groups respectively (p > .05). A similar volume of extruded material was observed after retreatment with both systems (p > .05). A significant decrease in the intracanal filling volume was verified after retreatment with both tested systems (p < .05). However, residual filling material was found in all root canals, regardless of the system. The amount of filling material removed (HyFlex = 80.8%; Reciproc = 65.9%) and the operation time was similar between systems (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS: A high frequency of filling material extrusion was observed after retreatment with the two systems in a cadaver model, with no significant difference between them. Both protocols obtained similar efficacy in filling material removal procedures, although none completely cleaned the canals.