RESUMO
To evaluate the prevalence of Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis in road killed armadillos identified along Brazilian regions, samples of liver, spleen, muscle, ear, nose and tail were collected on highways from 78 animals. The armadillos were of four different species, Cabassous tatouay, Dasypus novemcinctus, Dasypus septemcinctus and Euphractus sexcinctus. After DNA extraction from two tissues, specific primers were used for the detection of each pathogen using SYBR green qualitative Real-Time PCR, and amplicons were sequenced. The species with the highest prevalence was D. novemcinctus, mainly in the Central-West, South, and Southeast regions of Brazil. We detected M. leprae DNA in 32 (41 %) of the 78 individuals and M. lepromatosis DNA was not identified in any of the examined samples. The zoonotic component of leprosy may play a role in the transmission of the disease in endemic areas in which environmental conditions and contact with reservoirs must be investigated.
Assuntos
Tatus , Hanseníase , Mycobacterium leprae , Tatus/microbiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Animais , Mycobacterium leprae/genética , Mycobacterium leprae/isolamento & purificação , Prevalência , Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Hanseníase/microbiologia , Mycobacterium/genética , Mycobacterium/isolamento & purificação , Mycobacterium/classificação , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo RealRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of intra-alveolar administration of dexamethasone 4 mg in the control of edema, trismus, and pain resulting from the extraction of impacted lower third molars and the drug permeability through the oral mucosa by in silico prediction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The randomized, double-blind, split-mouth clinical trial included patients who had both impacted lower third molars in equivalent positions. Hemiarches were divided into control side when dexamethasone was administered orally and experimental side when dexamethasone was administered using the intra-alveolar route. Patients were evaluated considering edema, trismus, and pain. The permeability of dexamethasone through the oral mucosa was assessed by in silico prediction. Student's t-test was selected for comparative analysis of edema and trismus, and the chi-square test analyzed the distribution of postoperative pain between the sides. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the routes of administration in measuring symptoms between the pre and postoperative times (p>0.05). In silico prediction suggested that dexamethasone molecular characteristics facilitate intra-alveolar administration. CONCLUSIONS: Intra-alveolar administration had similar efficacy to oral administration in controlling symptoms of post-surgical inflammation of impacted lower third molars.
Assuntos
Dente Serotino , Dente Impactado , Dexametasona , Método Duplo-Cego , Edema/etiologia , Edema/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Dente Serotino/cirurgia , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Extração Dentária/efeitos adversos , Dente Impactado/cirurgia , Trismo/etiologia , Trismo/prevenção & controleRESUMO
Abstract Aim: Prejudice against women's futsal players is reported in the literature. The perception of prejudice in university futsal may be lower due to the higher educational level of the players and a more open-minded context. This study aimed to describe the experience of young women university futsal players and to explore their perspective on gender prejudice in that sports practice. Methods: Ten women university futsal players (aged 18 to 30 years old) were interviewed. Data were produced and analyzed following a grounded theory approach. Results: The results showed that the athletes perceived they suffered gender prejudice for playing futsal, however, in the university context this was attenuated. The participants experienced diversified practice before specializing in futsal and felt that the support of male family members and friends was important to their engagement in futsal and soccer in childhood and adolescence. However, they also suffered from prejudice against their futsal practice coming from family and friends, struggling with the constant association between futsal practice and hegemonic masculinity. Conclusion: The participants of this study perceived less prejudice in university women's futsal in comparison to other sports contexts. Thus, the university context may have the potential to boost the practice of futsal among women.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Futebol , Atletas , Teoria FundamentadaRESUMO
New ceramic formulations based on scheelite tailing were developed, and their potential in the ceramic industry was evaluated. Green bodies with different contents of scheelite tailing (0-8 wt%) were sintered (1150 °C, 1200 °C, and 1250 °C) and characterized in terms of the main mineralogical phases, microstructure, and physico-mechanical properties. The mullite was the main phase identified in all sintered temperatures. This result was also ratified with the aid of scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, in which small needles of the mullite were detected. The presence of mullite is required because it contributes to increasing the mechanical resistance of the material. The physico-mechanical properties measured (water absorption, linear shrinkage, apparent porosity, and flexural strength) were compared to the ISO 13006, and the samples sintered at 1150 °C presented potential to be used as semi-stoneware, while those sintered at 1200 °C and 1250 °C can be employed stoneware and porcelain tiles, respectively.
RESUMO
The decline in bee populations worldwide has been associated with the use of pesticides in crop systems where these insects forage. The use of biopesticides, like spinosad, is preferred as an alternative method to control pests, because it is considered safer to non-target insects. In this study, we evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of the spinosad-based formulation Tracer® on foragers of the stingless bee Plebeia lucii Moure (Apidae: Meliponini). Groups of bees were fed a pure diet (negative control) or a diet at different concentrations of spinosad. Positive control groups consisted of bees orally exposed to a diet with the neonicotinoid imidacloprid. Next, flight behavior, body mass, and respiration rate were evaluated in surviving bees. The results showed that bees´ survival was reduced by all concentrations of spinosad, when compared with the negative control. Bee locomotion-walking and flight-was reduced in accordance with the increase in spinosad concentrations; however, body mass and respiration rate were not altered. Our results show that the use of Tracer® in ecosystems visited by P. lucii can reduce forager bee survival and reduce their locomotion, generating a negative impact on pollination services provided by these bees.