RESUMO

It is unclear whether norfloxacin predisposes to infections by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). We aimed to evaluate if patients with cirrhosis receiving norfloxacin prophylaxis at the time of the diagnosis of bacterial infections were more likely to present a multidrug-resistant isolate than those without prophylaxis. This is a cross-sectional study of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and bacterial infections from Argentina and Uruguay (NCT03919032) from September 2018 to December 2020. The outcome variable was a multidrug-resistant bacterial infection. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of norfloxacin on infection caused by MDROs considering potential confounders. Among the 472 patients from 28 centers, 53 (11%) were receiving norfloxacin at the time of the bacterial infection. Patients receiving norfloxacin had higher MELD-sodium, were more likely to have ascites or encephalopathy, to receive rifaximin, beta-blockers, and proton-pump inhibitors, to have a nosocomial or health-care-associated infection, prior bacterial infections, admissions to critical care units or invasive procedures, and to be admitted in a liver transplant center. In addition, we found that 13 (24.5%) patients with norfloxacin and 90 (21.5%) of those not receiving it presented infections caused by MDROs (adjusted OR 1.55; 95% CI: 0.60-4.03; p = 0.360). The use of norfloxacin prophylaxis at the time of the diagnosis of bacterial infections was not associated with multidrug resistance. These results help empiric antibiotic selection and reassure the current indication of norfloxacin prophylaxis in well-selected patients.Study registration number: NCT03919032.

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RESUMO

Antecedentes: el abordaje laparoscópico en el tratamiento de las afecciones colorrectales ha demostrado numerosas ventajas en relación con la cirugía convencional; sin embargo, la necesidad frecuente de tener que emplear una incisión complementaria para la extracción de la pieza operatoria u otros gestos quirúrgicos genera efectos adversos vinculados con el dolor posoperatorio, íleo y las complicaciones propias de la herida. Objetivo: análisis de una serie de pacientes intervenidos por afecciones colorrectales mediante abordaje laparoscópico en quienes se realizó anastomosis intracorpórea comparada con otra de anastomosis extracorpórea. Material y métodos: entre abril de 2010 y mayo de 2013 fueron operados 85 pacientes con afecciones colorrectales, abordados por vía laparoscópica, los que se agruparon en dos lotes: Grupo 1, con anastomosis extracorpórea, 50 (58,8%) y Grupo 2, con variante intracorpórea, 35 (41,2 %). Resultados: no hubo diferencias entre ambos grupos (extracorpórea/intracorpórea), en cuanto a sexo (F/M:23/27, 22/13, respectivamente; p=0,052), edad promedio en años (63/60; p=0,222), índice de masa corporal (24,38 kg/m2/27,37 kg/m2; p=0,315), ASA (p=0,817), tpo de afección tratada (p= 0,312), sector resecado (p=0,282), longitud de la pieza operatoria (p=0,384) y cantidad de ganglios extrpados (p=0,537). Tampoco se hallaron diferencias en relación con la conversión, 7 (14%) versus 4 (11,4%), p= 0,379; tempo operatorio en minutos, (178,3 min/188,6 min), p= 0,257; complicaciones, 12 (24%/) versus 8 (22,8%), p= 0,493 y reoperaciones, 5 (10%) versus 4 (11,4%), p= 1. En ambos grupos no hubo mortalidad. Hubo diferencias en relación con el tamaño promedio en centmetros de la incisión empleada (7,7 cm/4,4 cm; p= 0,042) y el dolor posoperatorio inmediato (4,7/3,1; p=0,022). Conclusiones: la confección de anastomosis intracorpórea ofrece un menor dolor posoperatorio, con una menor herida quirúrgica y mejor estética, e iguales resultados posoperatorios inmediatos y alejados.

Background: the laparoscopic approach for the treatment of colorectal diseases has shown many ad-vantages over conventonal surgery. However, the frequent need of an additonal incision to extract the specimen or to perform further surgical techniques may cause adverse efectis related to postope-rative pain, ileus and complicatons of the wound. Objective: to compare a series of patentis undergoing laparoscopic surgery for colorectal disease with intracorporeal versus extracorporeal anastomosis. Material and methods: between April 2010 and May 2013, 85 patentis who were operated on lapa-roscopically for colorectal disease, were divided in two groups. Group I, extracorporeal, 50 (58.8%) and Group II, intracoroporeal anastomosis, 35 (41.2%). Results: there was no diference between groups in terms of gender (F/M-23/27, 22/13, p=0.052), mean age (63/60 years, p=0.222), body mass index (24.38 vs. 27.37 kg/m2), p = 0.315, ASA (p = 0.817), type of disease (p=0.312), resected segment (p=0.282), specimen length (p=0,384) and number of removed lymph nodes (p=0,537). No diferences were found in relaton to conversion, 7 (14%) vs. 4 (11.4%) p=0.379, operative tme (178.3 vs. 188,6 min), p=0.257, complicatons 12 (24% /) vs. 8 (22.8%) p=0.493 and reoperatons, 5 (10%) vs. 4 (11.4%;), p=1. No mortality occurred in both groups. There were diferences in the average size of the incision (7.7 cm vs. 4.4 cm, p = 0.042) and immediate postoperative pain (4.7 vs. 3.1, p = 0.022). Conclusions: laparoscopic approach with intracorporeal anastomosis for colorectal disease ofers less postoperative pain, a smaller wound and beter cosmetic result, with equal postoperative outicome.