RESUMO
Introdução: Entre os distúrbios já rastreados ao nascimento, a perda auditiva (PA) é mais prevalente. Esforços têm sido feitos para identificação e tratamento precoces por meio de programas de triagem auditiva neonatal (TAN). A literatura sobre o tema demonstra a efetividade, taxas de exames falsos positivos e custos dos programas. O objetivodeste trabalho é apresentar os aspectos atuais da triagem auditivano país através da revisão de artigos sobre o tema. Conclusão: Os programas de triagem auditiva neonatal universal, mesmo com taxas de sucesso, apresentam algumas dificuldades a serem resolvidas.
Introduction: Hearing loss is more prevalent than other birth defects for which there is mandated screening. Many efforts have been made towards early identification and intervention by universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) programs. The objective of this paper is to present current aspects of UNHS in Brazil by a review of articles about the subject. Conclusion: Reports from screening programs demonstratethe effectiveness, false-positive rates, and program costs. Despite the success rates of the UNHS, there are a few difficulties yet to be resolved.
RESUMO
UNLABELLED: Hearing loss is more prevalent than other disorders found at birth. Efforts have been put up towards the early identification and treatment of hearing loss by means of neonatal hearing screening programs. AIM: prospective study with the goal of characterizing the process of implementing a Neonatal Auditory Screening Program (NASP) at a University Hospital. To analyze hearing loss diagnostic investigations in newborns, and to present proposals for NASP improvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied newborns (NB) submitted to Newborn Auditory Screening (NAS) by transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOE), cochlear-eyelid reflex (CER) and Brainstem Evoked Auditory Potential (BEAP). RESULTS: We tested 625 children. In the first stage, 458 NBs passed and 155 failed. 122 NBs returned to the second stage, and 8 underwent it because they were positive for HL risk factors. 12 NBs (1.9%) were referred for diagnostic investigation. Of the 5 who returned for the BAEP, we observed HL in two NBs. CONCLUSIONS: The program tested 81.7% of the candidates. The program compliance rate was of 68.2%. In the first stage, 26.7% of the NBs failed. The program is being implemented and requires constant analyzes of its difficulties, aiming at solving them in order to turn the Universal Newborn Auditory Screening into reality.