RESUMO

An interplay between gene expression, mineral concentration, and beef quality traits in Bos indicus muscle has been reported previously under a network approach. However, growing evidence suggested that miRNAs not only modulate gene expression but are also involved with mineral homeostasis. To our knowledge, understanding of the miRNA-gene expression-mineral concentration relationship in mammals is still minimal. Therefore, we carried out a miRNA co-expression and multi-level miRNA-mRNA integration analyses to predict the putative drivers (miRNAs and genes) associated with muscle mineral concentration in Nelore steers. In this study, we identified calcium and iron to be the pivotal minerals associated with miRNAs and gene targets. Furthermore, we identified the miR-29 family (miR-29a, -29b, -29c, -29d-3p, and -29e) as the putative key regulators modulating mineral homeostasis. The miR-29 family targets genes involved with AMPK, insulin, mTOR, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways. Finally, we reported an interplay between miRNAs and minerals acting cooperatively to modulate co-expressed genes and signaling pathways both involved with mineral and energy homeostasis in Nelore muscle. Although we provided some evidence to understand this complex relationship, future work should determine the functional implications of minerals for miRNA levels and their feedback regulation system.\\An interplay between gene expression, mineral concentration, and beef quality traits in Bos indicus muscle has been reported previously under a network approach. However, growing evidence suggested that miRNAs not only modulate gene expression but are also involved with mineral homeostasis. To our knowledge, understanding of the miRNA-gene expression-mineral concentration relationship in mammals is still minimal. Therefore, we carried out a miRNA co-expression and multi-level miRNA-mRNA integration analyses to predict the putative drivers (miRNAs and genes) associated with muscle mineral concentration in Nelore steers. In this study, we identified calcium and iron to be the pivotal minerals associated with miRNAs and gene targets. Furthermore, we identified the miR-29 family (miR-29a, -29b, -29c, -29d-3p, and -29e) as the putative key regulators modulating mineral homeostasis. The miR-29 family targets genes involved with AMPK, insulin, mTOR, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways. Finally, we reported an interplay between miRNAs and minerals acting cooperatively to modulate co-expressed genes and signaling pathways both involved with mineral and energy homeostasis in Nelore muscle. Although we provided some evidence to understand this complex relationship, future work should determine the functional implications of minerals for miRNA levels and their feedback regulation system.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Meat quality is a complex trait that is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, which includes mineral concentration. However, the association between mineral concentration and meat quality, and the specific molecular pathways underlying this association, are not well explored. We therefore analyzed gene expression as measured with RNA-seq in Longissimus thoracis muscle of 194 Nelore steers for association with three meat quality traits (intramuscular fat, meat pH, and tenderness) and the concentration of 13 minerals (Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Se, and Zn). We identified seven sets of co-expressed genes (modules) associated with at least two traits, which indicates that common pathways influence these traits. From pathway analysis of module hub genes, we further found an over-representation for energy and protein metabolism (AMPK and mTOR signaling pathways) in addition to muscle growth, and protein turnover pathways. Among the identified hub genes FASN, ELOV5, and PDE3B are involved with lipid metabolism and were affected by previously identified eQTLs associated to fat deposition. The reported hub genes and over-represented pathways provide evidence of interplay among gene expression, mineral concentration, and meat quality traits. Future studies investigating the effect of different levels of mineral supplementation in the gene expression and meat quality traits could help us to elucidate the regulatory mechanism by which the genes/pathways are affected.

RESUMO

Bovine embryos are increasingly produced using reproductive technologies, e.g. ovum pick-up (OPU), in vitro embryo production (IVP) and embryo transfer (ET). Such in vitro manipulated embryos are known to deviate in several aspects compared to in vivo derived embryos. Pregnancy establishment in cattle involves timed biological events including fine-tuned communication, initiated and carried out by both the embryo and the endometrium. This stimulates research to increase the understanding of events and interactions taking place in the uterus after embryo transfer, both from a biological and systems biology point of view. This review will focus on the biological events taking place during early embryonic development, implantation and beginning of placentation, with focus on transfer of in vitro produced embryos, including a systems biology approach for selection of superior embryo recipients.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have a strong impact on breeding especially when coupled with genomic selection (GS). The routine implementation of in vitro production (IVP) and GS of embryos before embryo transfer (ET) in breeding companies is not yet possible. Improvement of oocyte donor and embryo recipient quality is needed to make realistic a commercialization of these procedures in the near future. A better understanding of both biological mechanisms and molecular markers associated to IVP-ET related traits is necessary to improve the prediction of donor and recipient cow quality for IVP procedures. The huge amount of data generated from highthroughputtechnologies has a tremendous impact in the search for biomarkers of complex traits. This paper reviews integrative genomics and systms biology approaches as applied to both Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle reproduction by both conventional and ARTs such as OPU-IVP. The integration of systems biology information across different biological layers generates a complete view of the different molecular networks that control complex traits and can provide a strong contribution to the understanding traits related to ARTs.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

In vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos has become widespread technology implemented in cattle breeding and production. Here, we review novel data on cumulus/granulosa cell gene expression, as determined by RNAseq on cellular material from pooled follicular fluids at the single animal level, and relate these finding to previous data on oocyte developmental competence and ultrastructure. The cumulus/granulosa cell gene expression patterns indicate that early follicular atresia is associated with increased blastocyst yield and this hypothesis is supported by previous data on oocyte competence and ultrastructure.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have a strong impact on breeding especially when coupled with genomic selection (GS). The routine implementation of in vitro production (IVP) and GS of embryos before embryo transfer (ET) in breeding companies is not yet possible. Improvement of oocyte donor and embryo recipient quality is needed to make realistic a commercialization of these procedures in the near future. A better understanding of both biological mechanisms and molecular markers associated to IVP-ET related traits is necessary to improve the prediction of donor and recipient cow quality for IVP procedures. The huge amount of data generated from highthroughputtechnologies has a tremendous impact in the search for biomarkers of complex traits. This paper reviews integrative genomics and systms biology approaches as applied to both Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle reproduction by both conventional and ARTs such as OPU-IVP. The integration of systems biology information across different biological layers generates a complete view of the different molecular networks that control complex traits and can provide a strong contribution to the understanding traits related to ARTs.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Bovine embryos are increasingly produced using reproductive technologies, e.g. ovum pick-up (OPU), in vitro embryo production (IVP) and embryo transfer (ET). Such in vitro manipulated embryos are known to deviate in several aspects compared to in vivo derived embryos. Pregnancy establishment in cattle involves timed biological events including fine-tuned communication, initiated and carried out by both the embryo and the endometrium. This stimulates research to increase the understanding of events and interactions taking place in the uterus after embryo transfer, both from a biological and systems biology point of view. This review will focus on the biological events taking place during early embryonic development, implantation and beginning of placentation, with focus on transfer of in vitro produced embryos, including a systems biology approach for selection of superior embryo recipients.

Assuntos

RESUMO

In vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos has become widespread technology implemented in cattle breeding and production. Here, we review novel data on cumulus/granulosa cell gene expression, as determined by RNAseq on cellular material from pooled follicular fluids at the single animal level, and relate these finding to previous data on oocyte developmental competence and ultrastructure. The cumulus/granulosa cell gene expression patterns indicate that early follicular atresia is associated with increased blastocyst yield and this hypothesis is supported by previous data on oocyte competence and ultrastructure.(AU)

Assuntos