RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with metabolic imbalance, including insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. AIM: We aimed to evaluate clinical and vascular parameters in obese with or without insulin resistance. METHODS: Participants ( n=39) were divided into two groups according to Homeostasis Model Assessment - Insulin Resistance lower (group 1) or higher (group 2) than 2.7. All patients were submitted to clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, vascular structure and endothelial function assessment. RESULTS: The mean age (53±9 vs. 52±7 years, p=0.784) and body mass index (34.3±4.1 vs. 35.2±3.9 kg/m2, p=0.464) were similar in both groups, and 74.4% were treated hypertensive subjects. Fasting glucose (84±7 vs. 97±18 mg/dl, p=0.004) and insulin (9.32±2.48 vs. 22.74±7.49 µU/ml, p<0.001) were higher in group 2. Group 2 presented lower HDL-cholesterol (59±14 vs. 42±12 mg/dl, p<0.001) and higher triglycerides (122±87 vs. 191±112 mg/dl, p=0.042) levels compared with group 1. HOMA-IR was correlated with abdominal circumference ( r=0.51, p=0.001), abdominal/hip ratio ( r=0.57, p<0.001) and triglycerides/HDL ratio ( r=0.53, p=0.001). Differences in brachial flow-mediated dilation did not reach statistical significance (10.2±6.2 vs. 7.9±4.7%, p=0.245). Carotid intima-media thickness, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (8.5±1.9 vs. 9.1±1.5 m/s, p=0.334) and central hemodynamic parameters were also similar between groups. CONCLUSION: Obese individuals with insulin resistance have higher visceral adiposity associated with impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. Endothelial function and arterial stiffness were similar between the groups, perhaps because of antihypertensive treatment in most of these subjects.
Assuntos
Endotélio Vascular/fisiopatologia , Resistência à Insulina , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Rigidez Vascular , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Homeostase , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/complicações , Análise de Onda de Pulso , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Fundamentos: É indispensável o conhecimento dos principais fatores de risco que contribuem para o surgimento da síndrome metabólica(SM), destacando-se a composição do plano alimentar. Objetivo: Analisar o consumo alimentar, quantitativo e qualitativo, de hipertensos com e sem SM atendidos em um hospital universitário. Métodos: Noventa e quatro pacientes hipertensos foram sequencialmente selecionados e estratificados em dois grupos , conforme a presença ou não de SM , de acordo com os critérios preconizados pela I Diretriz Brasileira para SM. Foram avaliados parâmetros clínicos, antropométricos, nutricionais e laboratoriais. Resultados: Os grupos foram homogênios em relação à idade (58,1 +- 9,8 vs 57,6 +- 8,7 anos). O grupo com SM (n=60) apresentou média da pressão arterial diastólica significativamente maior (94,7 +-8,7mmHg vs 90,6 +- 9,7mmHg, p >0,05) em relação ao grupo sem SM (n=34). A recomendação quantitativa para macronutrientes foi atingida, porém a qualitataiva apresentou excessos importantes...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hipertensão/complicações , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Avaliação Nutricional , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The beneficial effects of edible oils long-term supplementation in blood pressure (BP) and cardiac structure were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and streptozotocin diabetic (Db) SHR (45 mg/rat i.p.). Twenty-five 12-week old male SHR were divided into four SHR-Db groups and one SHR group, SHR-Db groups each receiving, respectively, olive oil, palm oil and fish oil, and another SHR-Db group with placebo by gavage on a daily basis for 6 weeks. Myocardial structures were analyzed through light microscopy and stereology. In SHR-Db, the BP and the myocardium were significantly altered by oil supplementation. The BP, the interstitial fibrosis and cardiomyocyte size showed a significant decrease in treated SHR-Db than in SHR or untreated SHR-Db. The myocardial microvasculature and number of cardiomyocytes were higher in all treated groups, especially in fish oil group. Long-term edible oil supplementation showed beneficial effects decreasing BP levels and offsetting adverse myocardial remodeling in diabetic SHR.