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Fresh vegetables have high water content and low acidity, so drying can extend shelf life, allowing the obtaining of alternative flours for the development of new products. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the melon harvest and off-season on the chemical composition of melon (Cantaloupe, Charentais e Honey Dew) flours and the potential application in products. The flours were evaluated for granulometry, morphology, centesimal composition, lipid and mineral content, total phenolic compound (TPC), antioxidant activity, and technological properties. Cakes containing melon flour were produced to replace wheat flour (0, 25, and 50 %) and evaluated for proximate composition, microbiology, and sensory parameters. Flours were classified as fine-grained (MESH >16), except Charentais off-season (medium - MESH 8-16, and fine-grained - MESH >16), and all presented a rough surface and minimal cell wall ruptures. The harvest homogeneously influenced the humidity, as all the off-season flours showed higher levels [17-22 %] (p < 0.05) due to weather conditions. For TPC, Cantaloupe melon flours from the harvest (CFH) [208 mg/100 g] and off-season [877 mg/100 g] stood out (p < 0.05), and the latter showed greater antioxidant potential [328 µmol TE/g]. Palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acid stood out in all flours, and potassium for minerals (63-78 %) in the harvest and off-season. The harvest and off-season specifically influenced the flour of each variety in swelling power, water solubility, oil absorption, and emulsifying capacity. For cakes with CFH, no thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli were detected, and the mesophilic count was <1.0 CFU/g. The ash, protein, lipid, and fiber contents increased proportionally to melon flour addition (p < 0.05). Sensory acceptance was high for cakes containing 25 and 50 % of CFH [82.78 % and 82.53 %], and most consumers would likely buy the products (4.04 and 3.99) (p < 0.05). The study contributed to knowledge about the seasonality effect and demonstrated the potential use of melon flour in developing new products.

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This study makes a descriptive analysis of necropsied sea turtles registered in the Biota Conservation Institute database between May 2018 and May 2022 on the coast of Alagoas, Brazil. During this period, 79 animals of four species were necropsied: 87.4 % (69) Chelonia mydas, 6.3 % (5) Caretta caretta, 3.8 % (3) Lepidochelys olivacea and 2.5 % (2) Eretmochelys imbricata. C. mydas was the most frequent species, mainly juvenile females. In 29.1 % (23/79) evidence of anthropogenic interactions was found (e.g., fishing net marks, plastic waste in the digestive tract, trauma from collisions with boats). Cutaneous tumors suggestive of fibropapillomatosis in 35.4 % (28/79), in C. mydas and E. imbricata, half were in an area of high eutrophication, close to the capital. Endoparasites were found in 46.8 % (37/79) individuals. Information on strandings in the region is essential for understanding the use of the area and the impacts to which these animals are exposed.

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Abstract Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the levels of functional capacity and quality of life in older adult practitioners of câmbio. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytic study that evaluated men and women aged over 60 years, practitioners of câmbio in the Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The participants underwent a functional capacity assessment, composed of the sit- and stand-up and handgrip tests. In addition, quality of life was assessed through the WHOQOL-bref questionnaire. Results: Participants were 69 ± 6 years and had a body mass index of 27.9 ± 4.1 kg/m2. The participants practiced câmbio approximately 2.7 ± 1.2 times per week. Regarding the quality of life, results according to the domains of the questionnaire, it was observed that the participants presented values above 75% of the maximum possible. Regarding the performance in the sit- and stand-up test, participants had mean of 22 repetitions (95%CI: 20 to 23) and the average time for 5 repetitions was 7.1 seconds (6.8 to 7.5). In the grip strength test, participants had mean 35 kg (95%CI: 33.7 to 38.2). Conclusion: Older adult practitioners of câmbio presented satisfactory levels of quality of life and a good functional capacity.

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In recent years we have seen a growing psychological suffering in women attended in primary health care in developing countries. This paper aims to analyze psychological suffering in a small city in northeastern Brazil and its relationship with medicalization. We applied 202 SRQ-20 questionnaires in 3 Basic Health Units in the first research step, which were analyzed with statistical support. In the second step, four women were interviewed in the primary health care service and the data were analyzed from Institutional Ethnography perspective. The results demonstrated a high number of primary health care users in psychological suffering (47.02%). The data also points to a significant prevalence of women in psychological suffering, the use of medicines and the struggles in dealing with the difficulties of everyday life. The medicalization of psychological suffering appeared several times in this study through the invisibility of these sufferings under the blanket of biomedical and medicalizing discourse. Those facts can affect contemporary women and the contradictions of being a woman in a capitalist and patriarchal society. (AU)

Nos últimos anos temos visto um crescimento de sofrimento psicológico em mulheres atendidas na assistência de saúde primária em países em desenvolvimento. Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar o sofrimento psicológico em uma pequena cidade no Nordeste do Brasil e sua relação com a medicalização. Aplicamos 202 questionários SRQ-20 na primeira etapa da pesquisa em 3 unidades de saúde pública. Na segunda etapa, quatro mulheres foram entrevistadas e os dados foram analisados com o apoio da Etnografia Institucional. Os resultados demonstraram um alto número de usuários dessas unidades de saúde pública em sofrimento psicológico (47,02%). Esses dados também apontaram para uma prevalência significante de mulheres em sofrimento psicológico, o uso de medicamentos e o esforço em lidar com as dificuldades cotidianas. A medicalização do sofrimento psicológico apareceu diversas vezes nos relatos analisados neste estudo, evidenciando a invisibilidade desses sofrimentos através do discurso biomédico e medicalizante. Esses fatores desvelam as dificuldades em viver na contradição de ser mulher na contemporaneidade inserida numa sociedade que se revela capitalista e patriarcal. (AU)

En los últimos años, hemos visto un aumento de la angustia psicológica en las mujeres atendidas en la atención primaria de salud en los países en desarrollo. Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar el sufrimiento psicológico en un pequeño pueblo del noreste de Brasil y su relación con la medicalización. Aplicamos 202 cuestionarios SRQ-20 en la primera etapa de la investigación en 3 unidades de salud pública. En la segunda etapa, cuatro mujeres han sido entrevistadas y los datos fueron analizados con el apoyo de la Etnografía Institucional. Los resultados mostraron un alto número de usuarios de estas unidades de salud pública en problemas psicológicos (47.02%). Estos datos también apuntaron una prevalencia significativa en las mujeres con problemas psicológicos, el uso de medicamentos y el esfuerzo para hacer frente a las dificultades diarias. La medicalización del sufrimiento psicológico apareció varias veces en los informes analizados en este estudio, mostrando la invisibilidad de estos sufrimientos a través del discurso biomédico y medicalizante. Estos factores revelan las dificultades para vivir en la contradicción de ser mujer en los tiempos contemporáneos insertos en una sociedad que se revela capitalista y patriarcal. (AU)

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A large proportion of emerging infectious diseases (60.3%) globally are zoonotic pathogens, and of these, 71.8% originate from wild animals. Salmonellosis and psittacosis, diseases caused by Salmonella spp. and Chlamydophila psittaci, respectively, in wild animals are zoonoses with great risks to public health. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the presence of Salmonella spp. and C. psittaci in parrots domiciled in Rio Branco, Acre. The animals in the study were raised as pets, and selection was performed based on convenience criteria. The birds were manually restrained to collect biological materials. Subsequently, conventional microbiological and biochemical tests were performed to identify Salmonella spp., and polymerase chain reaction analyses were conducted to identify C. psittaci and Salmonella spp. It was not possible to isolate Salmonella spp. and C. psittaci in the sampled birds. However, the presence of these bacteria in parrots cannot be ruled out because intermittent release and diagnostic limitations are widely described in the literature.(AU)

Uma grande proporção das doenças infecciosas emergentes (60,3%) em todo o mundo são de patógenos zoo-nóticos e, destes, 71,8% se originam de animais selvagens. Salmonelose e psitacose, doenças causadas por Salmonella spp. e Chlamydophila psittaci, respectivamente, em animais silvestres são zoonoses com grandes riscos à saúde pública. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a presença de Salmonella spp. e C. psittaci em papagaios domiciliados em Rio Branco, Acre. Os animais do estudo foram criados como animais de estimação e a seleção foi realizada com base em critérios de conve-niência. As aves foram contidas manualmente para coleta de material biológico. Posteriormente, testes microbiológicos e bio-químicos convencionais foram realizados para identificar Salmonella spp., E análises de reação em cadeia da polimerase foram realizadas para identificar C. psittaci e Salmonella spp. Não foi possível isolar Salmonella spp. e C. psittaci nas aves amostradas. No entanto, a presença dessas bactérias em psitacídeos não pode ser descartada porque a liberação intermitente e as limitações diagnósticas são amplamente descritas na literatura.(AU)

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A large proportion of emerging infectious diseases (60.3%) globally are zoonotic pathogens, and of these, 71.8% originate from wild animals. Salmonellosis and psittacosis, diseases caused by Salmonella spp. and Chlamydophila psittaci, respectively, in wild animals are zoonoses with great risks to public health. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the presence of Salmonella spp. and C. psittaci in parrots domiciled in Rio Branco, Acre. The animals in the study were raised as pets, and selection was performed based on convenience criteria. The birds were manually restrained to collect biological materials. Subsequently, conventional microbiological and biochemical tests were performed to identify Salmonella spp., and polymerase chain reaction analyses were conducted to identify C. psittaci and Salmonella spp. It was not possible to isolate Salmonella spp. and C. psittaci in the sampled birds. However, the presence of these bacteria in parrots cannot be ruled out because intermittent release and diagnostic limitations are widely described in the literature.

Uma grande proporção das doenças infecciosas emergentes (60,3%) em todo o mundo são de patógenos zoo-nóticos e, destes, 71,8% se originam de animais selvagens. Salmonelose e psitacose, doenças causadas por Salmonella spp. e Chlamydophila psittaci, respectivamente, em animais silvestres são zoonoses com grandes riscos à saúde pública. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a presença de Salmonella spp. e C. psittaci em papagaios domiciliados em Rio Branco, Acre. Os animais do estudo foram criados como animais de estimação e a seleção foi realizada com base em critérios de conve-niência. As aves foram contidas manualmente para coleta de material biológico. Posteriormente, testes microbiológicos e bio-químicos convencionais foram realizados para identificar Salmonella spp., E análises de reação em cadeia da polimerase foram realizadas para identificar C. psittaci e Salmonella spp. Não foi possível isolar Salmonella spp. e C. psittaci nas aves amostradas. No entanto, a presença dessas bactérias em psitacídeos não pode ser descartada porque a liberação intermitente e as limitações diagnósticas são amplamente descritas na literatura.

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With the control of vectorial transmission of Chagas disease caused by metacyclic trypomastigotes (MT) in endemic countries, other pathways of infection have become important. The infection caused by blood trypomastigotes (BT) is relevant in places where the blood transfusion and organ transplantation are poorly controlled. This study aimed to evaluate immunopathogenic parameters in the colon during the acute and chronic phases of experimental infection in Swiss mice infected with BT or MT forms of VL-10 strain of Trypanosoma cruzi. We have found that animals infected with MT forms presented lower survival rate, and higher tissue parasitism in the acute phase of the disease, which may be associated with the exacerbated activation of the immune system with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines even in the chronic phase of infection. Taken together, these results can also be associated to the maintenance of the inflammatory process in chronic phase and an earlier denervation of myenteric plexus in colon. These findings emphasized the importance of the inoculum source and the strain, once different forms of different strains seem to promote distinct diseases.

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BACKGROUND: Stingless bee honey has great therapeutic potential, especially as an antimicrobial agent. In the present study, we evaluated the in vitro antibacterial potential of honey from Melipona spp. with occurrence in Rio Branco-AC and Xapuri-AC from the Amazonian region. Samples were collected from the species Melipona eburnea, Melipona grandis, Melipona flavolineata and Melipona seminigra. The antibacterial activity of the honey samples was tested against standard Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and two strains isolated from bovine mastitis. RESULTS: In the agar diffusion assay, we observed antibacterial activity for the four honeys against the tested strains. The honey from M. flavolineata showed a minimmum inhibitory concentration (MIC) lower than 3.12% (v/v). The minimum bactericidal concentration values were larger than the MIC for most of the microorganisms tested. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the damaging effect of the honey of M. flavolineata on Staphylococcus aureus cells, as well as its inhibitory effect on cell division. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study demonstrate that the honey from stingless bees possesses in vitro antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The effects observed by SEM show that honey from the Amazonian stingless bee M. flavolineata has promising therapeutic potential as a future antimicrobial agent. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

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