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RESUMEN Introducción La aceptación de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 contribuye al apego del tratamiento y al control de la enfermedad. Pero se ha reportado que los hombres tienen menor aceptación al diagnóstico de este padecimiento. En los hombres mexicanos la no aceptación puede estar relacionada con el machismo. Objetivo Identificar la relación del machismo con la aceptación de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Metodología Se realizó un estudio transversal y correlacional. La población de interés fue de hombres con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 entre 20 y 59 años de edad registrados en centros de atención primaria del área metropolitana de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Se obtuvo una muestra de 121 participantes a través de un muestreo por conveniencia. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Inventario de Conformidad de las Normas Masculinas y la Escala Aceptación en DMT2. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó el programa SPSS versión 25; se realizó un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados Los resultados señalan que los hombres con percepción de mayor machismo, jornadas laborales extensas y consumo elevado de cigarrillos aceptan menos el diagnóstico y la enfermedad de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Para las subdimensiones del machismo, la homofobia fue el mejor predictor de la aceptación o no de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Conclusiones El profesional de salud debe desarrollar programas para la aceptación de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en hombres de reciente diagnóstico que contribuyan a aceptar su enfermedad, y así, permitan mejorar el autocuidado, control glucémico y prevención de complicaciones.
ABSTRACT Introduction Accepting a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus contributes to the adher- ence to the treatment and control of the illness; however, it has been reported that men tend to have a lower acceptance of this diagnosis. Among Mexican men, in particular, this low acceptance could be related to their machismo. Objective To identify the relationship of machismo with the acceptance of a type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Methodology This is a transversal and correlational study. The population of interest were Mexican men diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus between 20 and 59 years registered in centers of primary attention in the city of Monterrey, Mexico. The sample was constituted of 121 participants chosen by convenience. The instruments used were the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory and the Acceptance Scale for DM2. The statistical analysis and the multiple linear regression model were carried out using SPSS v25. Results Findings suggest that men who show machismo, who have long labor shifts, and who consume large quantities of cigarettes tend not to accept a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Regarding the subdimensions of the machismo construct, homophobia was the best predictor of accepting or not a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions Healthcare professionals should develop programs aimed at improving the acceptance attitude of a type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis among men, including those with machismo, in order to better manage self-care, glucose control, and also prevent complications.
RESUMO Introdução A aceitação do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 contribui para a adesão ao tratamento e controle da doença. Mas, tem sido relatado que os homens têm menos aceitação do diagnóstico desta doença. Nos homens mexicanos, a não aceitação pode estar relacionada ao machismo. Objetivo Identificar a relação do machismo com a aceitação do diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Metodologia Foi realizado um estudo transversal e correlacional. A população de interesse foram homens com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 entre 20 e 59 anos registrados em centros de atenção primária na área metropolitana de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Foi obtida uma amostra de 121 participantes por amostragem de conveniência. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Inventário de Conformidade com Normas Masculinas e a Escala de Aceitação DMT2. Para a análise estatística utilizou-se o programa SPSS versão 25; um modelo de regressão linear múltipla foi realizado. Resultados Os resultados indicam que homens com percepção de maior machismo, longas jornadas de trabalho e alto consumo de cigarro aceitam menos o diagnóstico e a doença de diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Para as subdimensões do machismo, a homofobia foi o melhor preditor de aceitação ou não de diabetes melito tipo 2. Conclusões O profissional de saúde deve desenvolver programas de aceitação da diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em homens recém-diagnosticados que contribuam para a aceitação da sua doença e, assim, permitam melhorar o autocuidado, o controlo glicémico e a prevenção de complicações.
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We report a method for remote excitation of the RF signal for preclinical-equivalent ultra high field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A parallel-plate waveguide together with a bio-inspired surface coil were used to perform remote excitation experiments to acquire images with a small-bore MR imager at 15.2 T. The imager bore size limits the RF coil transmitter dimensions, so the Gielis super-formula was used to design an RF coil with small dimensions. Electromagnetic simulations of the principal mode were run to study the waveguide filled with air and loaded with a saline solution-filled tube. Radiation patterns were also computed in a semi-anechoic chamber for the same scenarios as above. A saline solution-filled spherical phantom and a formaldehyde-fixed mouse phantom were used to acquire images. Radiation patterns showed an omnidirectional distribution with no side lobes, and a very smooth behaviour with almost no loss of information in the saline solution-filled tube and without. The theoretical wave impedance was calculated and compared with simulated results showing an excellent correspondence. Spherical phantom image data and simulation results of B1 were contrasted and showed an important correlation. Ex vivo mouse images were of high quality and exhibited clear delineation of anatomical structures. These imaging results are in very good agreement with the simulations. Numerical, theoretical and experimental results validate this approach, using a bio-inspired surface coil with a simple waveguide for preclinical small-bore MRI at ultra high field.
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Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/instrumentação , Animais , Desenho de Equipamento , Camundongos , Imagens de Fantasmas , Ondas de RádioRESUMO
Resumen Introducción: La prevalencia global de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) en los hombres es alta. Para el tratamiento de la enfermedad el hombre debe realizar acciones de autocuidado, por lo que es importante conocer factores relacionados con su cumplimiento. Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre variables demográficas, clínicas, la angustia, la depresión, la autoeficacia y su influencia sobre el autocuidado en hombres con DMT2. Métodos: Estudio transversal y correlacional, en una muestra de 96 hombres con DMT2, usuarios de 13 centros de salud. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de acciones de cuidado en diabetes, la escala Self-Efficacy for Diabetes, la escala depresión (CES-D) y la escala angustia por diabetes (DDS). Resultados: El autocuidado se correlacionó de manera positiva con la autoeficacia y negativamente con la angustia por diabetes. Las variables que explicaron el autocuidado con el 47.7% de varianza fueron: la autoeficacia (β = .39), el consumo de alcohol (β = -.29), las horas sentado/parado (β= -.27), el tiempo de diagnóstico (β= -.22) y la edad (β =.18). Discusión: Los hombres tuvieron un bajo autocuidado y mantienen conductas de riesgo, lo cual puede atribuirse a sus creencias, estilo de vida o al tipo de trabajo que desempeñan. Conclusiones: Los resultados ofrecen evidencia sobre factores que influyen en el autocuidado de hombres con DMT2, que pueden orientar a los profesionales de enfermería en la atención del paciente. Se sugiere realizar investigaciones de enfermería en hombres, que contribuyan a mejorar la autoeficacia y el autocuidado.
Abstract Introduction: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among men is high; and these patients need to follow self-care routines. Therefore, knowing the factors which can affect their level of compliance is an important issue for nursing. Objective: To identify the relationship between demographic and clinical variables such as anguish and depression, and self-care efficacy in men suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This a transversal and correlational study on a sample of 96 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were registered in 13 health centers. The instruments used were the Questionnaire of Actions of Care in Diabetes, the Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Scale (SED), the Mexico Center of Epidemiological Studies of Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS). Results: Self-care was positively correlated to self-efficacy, and negatively correlated to diabetes-related anguish and depression. Variables which accounted for 47.7% of the self-care variance were: self-efficacy (β = .39), alcohol consumption (β = -.29), number of hours sitting or standing (β= -.27), years of being diagnosed (β= -.22), and age (β =.18). Discussion: The sample demonstrated a low level of diabetes self-care which included risky behaviors. This attitude could be a result of the patients' beliefs, lifestyles, and/or type of job. Conclusions: The findings provide evidence on the factors which can influence self-care among men with type 2 diabetes. These results can orient nursing professionals while providing patient attention. Further related studies are suggested in order to help improve efficacy in type 2 diabetes self-care.
Resumo Introdução: A prevalência global de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) nos homens é alta. Para o tratamento da doença o homem deve realizar ações de autocuidado, pelo que é importante conhecer fatores relacionados com sua conformidade. Objetivo: Identificar a relação entre variáveis demográficas, clínicas, a angustia, a depressão, a autoeficácia e sua influência sobre o autocuidado em homens com DMT2. Métodos: Estudo transversal e correlacional, em uma amostra de 96 homens com DMT2, usuários de 13 centros de saúde. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o questionário de ações de cuidado em diabetes, a escala Self-Efficacy for Diabetes, a escala depressão (CES-D) e a escala angustia por diabetes (DDS). Resultados: O autocuidado correlacionou-se de maneira positiva com a autoeficácia e negativamente com a angustia por diabetes. As variáveis que explicaram o autocuidado com o 47.7% de variância foram: a autoeficácia (β = .39), o consumo de álcool (β = -.29), as horas sentado/parado (β= -.27), o tempo de diagnóstico (β= -.22) e a idade (β =.18). Discussão: Os homens tiveram um baixo autocuidado e mantém condutas de risco, o qual pode atribuir-se a suas crenças, estilo de vida ou ao tipo de trabalho que desempenham. Conclusões: Os resultados oferecem evidência sobre fatores que influem no autocuidado de homens com DMT2, que podem orientar aos profissionais de enfermagem na atenção do paciente. Sugere-se realizar pesquisas de enfermagem em homens, que contribuam a melhorar a autoeficácia e o autocuidado.
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BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-associated liver injury (CALI) is a matter of concern for hepatobiliary surgeons as it can entail postoperative liver failure after an extensive hepatectomy. Recent studies have taken special interest in liver function parameters which can correlate with CALI to decrease this adverse event. Therefore, the current study investigates the usefulness of splenic volume as a biomarker of CALI through a portal hypertension mechanism, in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). STUDY DESIGN: We carried out a study in patients with CRLM operated on between 2009 and 2014 in our center. All samples of healthy liver were graded for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and sinusoidal obstructive syndrome. Computarized tomography scans for spleen volumetry were analyzed for each patient at CRLM diagnosis, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 1 and 6 months after resection. RESULTS: A group of 65 consecutive patients with CRLM of large bowel adenocarcinoma submitted to liver resection were included. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a greater spleen volume increase than those who did not receive treatment (p = 0.053), finding a statistically significant spleen growth in patients with NAFLD (p = 0.036). There was no correlation between spleen enlargement and postoperative complications or average stay. However, survival was decreased in patients with spleen growth and CALI. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy for liver metastasis surgery have a greater splenic volume increase, which correlates with NAFLD and a lower survival.
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Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Hepatectomia , Hepatopatia Veno-Oclusiva/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Baço/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenocarcinoma/secundário , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Fígado Gorduroso/induzido quimicamente , Fígado Gorduroso/patologia , Hepatopatia Veno-Oclusiva/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Metastasectomia , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/induzido quimicamente , Tamanho do Órgão , Oxaliplatina/efeitos adversos , Oxaliplatina/uso terapêutico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Baço/patologia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Our aim is to find features that define prognosis in surgically resected ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma readily accessible in everyday practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Longitudinal retrospective case series of pancreatic adenocarcinoma operated with a curative intent in a large tertiary hospital in Madrid between 2009 and 2015. RESULTS: 162 were enrolled. 40.8% survived less than 1 year. Multivariate Cox's regression model revealed that gender, presence of symptoms, T and N stage independently influenced progression-free survival, while overall survival was determined by gender, smoking, presence of symptoms and N stage. Logistic regression analysis revealed that only symptoms at diagnosis could predict death, while gender, symptoms, histopathological type, vessel invasion, T stage and necrosis could independently predict recurrence. DISCUSSION: Our series show that patients with symptomatic disease at the time of diagnosis and females showed a shorter progression-free and overall survival. We herein propose a regression model to predict outcome.
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Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/patologia , Medicina Molecular , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Pancreaticoduodenectomia/métodos , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Idoso , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/cirurgia , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirurgia , Prognóstico , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
In this work we study, by means of ab initio calculations, the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Y-doped BiFeO3 compounds. We determine that there is a morphotropic phase boundary at an yttrium concentration of [Formula: see text], where the structure changes from R3c to Pnma. This structural transition is driven by the chemical pressure induced by the dopant. By analyzing the evolution of the oxygen octahedral tilts we find an enhanced antiferrodistortive distortion when increasing the Y-doping, together with a reduction of the ferroelectric distorsion, that gives rise to a smaller value of the electric polarization. These cooperative effects should lead to a larger canting of the Fe magnetic moments and to a larger ferromagnetic response in the R3c phase, as it is observed in the experiments.
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Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico , Coração Artificial/efeitos adversos , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/enfermagem , Proteus mirabilis/isolamento & purificação , Bandagens , Clorexidina/administração & dosagem , Estudo Observacional , Infecções por Proteus/enfermagemRESUMO
This article describes the use of Success Case Method (Brinkerhoff, 2003) to evaluate health promotion and public health training programs. The goal of the Office Community Research and Engagement (OCRE) of the Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium (PRCTRC) is to establish a stable and sustainable translational research capacity. Early efforts toward achieving this goal included sponsoring two independent research training programs. A description of the implementation of the five step Success Case Method is presented. Results reveal that SCM would deem both trainings as highly successful, based upon the overall impact of a low number of success cases. However, a traditional summative evaluation would consider this disappointing. Strengths of SCM are discussed. It was concluded that the Success Case Method is a useful and valuable evaluative method for measuring the success of health promotion and public health training initiatives and provides sufficient information for decision-making processes.