RESUMO
Astroviruses are a common cause of gastroenteritis in children worldwide and can also cause infection in a range of domestic and wild animal species. Canine astrovirus (formally named as Mamastrovirus 5, MAstV5) has been reported worldwide, and its role as an enteric pathogen is still controversial. Herein, we describe the genomic characterization of a MAstV5 (strain crab-eating fox/2016/BRA) identified in a wild canid (Cerdocyon thous) diagnosed with canine distemper virus (CDV) as causa mortis. The nearly complete genome comprised 6579 nt in length and displayed the archetypal organization of astroviruses. The present report is the first evidence of MAstV5 infection in an animal species other than the dog and highlights a possible natural astrovirus spillover between domestic and wild canids. Moreover, these results show the first evidence of extra-intestinal MAstV5, suggesting a virus systemic spread. This work is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the astroviruses biology and their interactions with the wildlife health.
Assuntos
Infecções por Astroviridae/veterinária , Canidae , Mamastrovirus/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Animais Domésticos , Animais Selvagens , Infecções por Astroviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Astroviridae/transmissão , Infecções por Astroviridae/virologia , Braquiúros , Brasil/epidemiologia , Canidae/virologia , Cerebelo/patologia , Cerebelo/virologia , Vírus da Cinomose Canina/imunologia , Vírus da Cinomose Canina/isolamento & purificação , Cães/virologia , Genoma Viral , Especificidade de Hospedeiro , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Mamastrovirus/classificação , Mamastrovirus/genética , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Proteínas Virais/química , Proteínas Virais/genéticaRESUMO
Background: Ureteral ectopia is a congenital abnormality of the terminal segment of one or both ureters, in which the ureteral orifi ce is located distal to the trigone of the bladder. Ureteral ectopia results from dysembryogenesis of the ureteral bud due to its abnormal positioning along the mesonephric duct. It is frequently associated with other congenital anomalies of the lower urinary tract as urethral sphincter dysfunction, hydroureter and hydronephrosis. Ectopic ureters are classifi ed into two categories: extramural and intramural. Extramural ectopic ureters completely bypass the urinary bladder without anatomic attachment, opening directly into the urethra, vagina or uterus. Continuous or intermittent urinary incontinence is the most frequently reported clinical symptom associated with ureteral ectopia, and it is far more frequent in young bitches than in male dogs. Repositioning the distal segment of the ureter and ureteral orifi ce directly into the bladder may restore urinary continence throughout neoureterocistostomy.Case: A 3-month-old female poodle weighting 4 kg was referred to the Teaching Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS), State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, due to urinary incontinence, dysuria and severe vulvar pyodermatitis since it was 9 weeks old. Normal posturing and voiding of urine did occur, although only sm
Background: Ureteral ectopia is a congenital abnormality of the terminal segment of one or both ureters, in which the ureteral orifi ce is located distal to the trigone of the bladder. Ureteral ectopia results from dysembryogenesis of the ureteral bud due to its abnormal positioning along the mesonephric duct. It is frequently associated with other congenital anomalies of the lower urinary tract as urethral sphincter dysfunction, hydroureter and hydronephrosis. Ectopic ureters are classifi ed into two categories: extramural and intramural. Extramural ectopic ureters completely bypass the urinary bladder without anatomic attachment, opening directly into the urethra, vagina or uterus. Continuous or intermittent urinary incontinence is the most frequently reported clinical symptom associated with ureteral ectopia, and it is far more frequent in young bitches than in male dogs. Repositioning the distal segment of the ureter and ureteral orifi ce directly into the bladder may restore urinary continence throughout neoureterocistostomy.Case: A 3-month-old female poodle weighting 4 kg was referred to the Teaching Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS), State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, due to urinary incontinence, dysuria and severe vulvar pyodermatitis since it was 9 weeks old. Normal posturing and voiding of urine did occur, although only sm
RESUMO
Background: Myelomalacia is a multifocal syndrome that causes hemorrhagic infarction of the spinal cord that can occur as a sequel to acute spinal cord injury. It occurs as a consequence of acute spinal cord trauma, usually by extrusion of intervertebral disc in the thoracolumbar spine, affecting up to 10% of dogs with acute paralysis and deep pain loss in the pelvic limbs due to disc disease. This disease may be focal or diffuse; the diffuse form is typically associated with cranial and caudal migration of neurologic signs and is often fatal. The mechanical lesion to the spinal cord triggers secondary injury mediated by the existence of oxygen free radicals, alterations in the concentrations of neurotransmitters ions and amino acids, and it results in the reduction of the spinal cord blood fl ow, ischemia and progressive cranial and caudal necrosis to the focus of the initial injury.Case: A 5-year-old Dachshund male intact dog weighting 8 kg was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS) with initial complaint of acute paralysis of the hind limbs for two days. On clinical examination there was paraplegia, absence of deep pain in the pelvic limbs, with decreased patellar, sciatic and tibial cranial refl exes. The anal sphincter was relaxed and the bladder was easily expressed. The panniculus refl ex was intact up to t
Background: Myelomalacia is a multifocal syndrome that causes hemorrhagic infarction of the spinal cord that can occur as a sequel to acute spinal cord injury. It occurs as a consequence of acute spinal cord trauma, usually by extrusion of intervertebral disc in the thoracolumbar spine, affecting up to 10% of dogs with acute paralysis and deep pain loss in the pelvic limbs due to disc disease. This disease may be focal or diffuse; the diffuse form is typically associated with cranial and caudal migration of neurologic signs and is often fatal. The mechanical lesion to the spinal cord triggers secondary injury mediated by the existence of oxygen free radicals, alterations in the concentrations of neurotransmitters ions and amino acids, and it results in the reduction of the spinal cord blood fl ow, ischemia and progressive cranial and caudal necrosis to the focus of the initial injury.Case: A 5-year-old Dachshund male intact dog weighting 8 kg was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS) with initial complaint of acute paralysis of the hind limbs for two days. On clinical examination there was paraplegia, absence of deep pain in the pelvic limbs, with decreased patellar, sciatic and tibial cranial refl exes. The anal sphincter was relaxed and the bladder was easily expressed. The panniculus refl ex was intact up to t
RESUMO
Background: Myelomalacia is a multifocal syndrome that causes hemorrhagic infarction of the spinal cord that can occur as a sequel to acute spinal cord injury. It occurs as a consequence of acute spinal cord trauma, usually by extrusion of intervertebral disc in the thoracolumbar spine, affecting up to 10% of dogs with acute paralysis and deep pain loss in the pelvic limbs due to disc disease. This disease may be focal or diffuse; the diffuse form is typically associated with cranial and caudal migration of neurologic signs and is often fatal. The mechanical lesion to the spinal cord triggers secondary injury mediated by the existence of oxygen free radicals, alterations in the concentrations of neurotransmitters ions and amino acids, and it results in the reduction of the spinal cord blood fl ow, ischemia and progressive cranial and caudal necrosis to the focus of the initial injury.Case: A 5-year-old Dachshund male intact dog weighting 8 kg was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS) with initial complaint of acute paralysis of the hind limbs for two days. On clinical examination there was paraplegia, absence of deep pain in the pelvic limbs, with decreased patellar, sciatic and tibial cranial refl exes. The anal sphincter was relaxed and the bladder was easily expressed. The panniculus refl ex was intact up to t
Background: Myelomalacia is a multifocal syndrome that causes hemorrhagic infarction of the spinal cord that can occur as a sequel to acute spinal cord injury. It occurs as a consequence of acute spinal cord trauma, usually by extrusion of intervertebral disc in the thoracolumbar spine, affecting up to 10% of dogs with acute paralysis and deep pain loss in the pelvic limbs due to disc disease. This disease may be focal or diffuse; the diffuse form is typically associated with cranial and caudal migration of neurologic signs and is often fatal. The mechanical lesion to the spinal cord triggers secondary injury mediated by the existence of oxygen free radicals, alterations in the concentrations of neurotransmitters ions and amino acids, and it results in the reduction of the spinal cord blood fl ow, ischemia and progressive cranial and caudal necrosis to the focus of the initial injury.Case: A 5-year-old Dachshund male intact dog weighting 8 kg was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS) with initial complaint of acute paralysis of the hind limbs for two days. On clinical examination there was paraplegia, absence of deep pain in the pelvic limbs, with decreased patellar, sciatic and tibial cranial refl exes. The anal sphincter was relaxed and the bladder was easily expressed. The panniculus refl ex was intact up to t
RESUMO
Background: Ureteral ectopia is a congenital abnormality of the terminal segment of one or both ureters, in which the ureteral orifi ce is located distal to the trigone of the bladder. Ureteral ectopia results from dysembryogenesis of the ureteral bud due to its abnormal positioning along the mesonephric duct. It is frequently associated with other congenital anomalies of the lower urinary tract as urethral sphincter dysfunction, hydroureter and hydronephrosis. Ectopic ureters are classifi ed into two categories: extramural and intramural. Extramural ectopic ureters completely bypass the urinary bladder without anatomic attachment, opening directly into the urethra, vagina or uterus. Continuous or intermittent urinary incontinence is the most frequently reported clinical symptom associated with ureteral ectopia, and it is far more frequent in young bitches than in male dogs. Repositioning the distal segment of the ureter and ureteral orifi ce directly into the bladder may restore urinary continence throughout neoureterocistostomy.Case: A 3-month-old female poodle weighting 4 kg was referred to the Teaching Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS), State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, due to urinary incontinence, dysuria and severe vulvar pyodermatitis since it was 9 weeks old. Normal posturing and voiding of urine did occur, although only sm
Background: Ureteral ectopia is a congenital abnormality of the terminal segment of one or both ureters, in which the ureteral orifi ce is located distal to the trigone of the bladder. Ureteral ectopia results from dysembryogenesis of the ureteral bud due to its abnormal positioning along the mesonephric duct. It is frequently associated with other congenital anomalies of the lower urinary tract as urethral sphincter dysfunction, hydroureter and hydronephrosis. Ectopic ureters are classifi ed into two categories: extramural and intramural. Extramural ectopic ureters completely bypass the urinary bladder without anatomic attachment, opening directly into the urethra, vagina or uterus. Continuous or intermittent urinary incontinence is the most frequently reported clinical symptom associated with ureteral ectopia, and it is far more frequent in young bitches than in male dogs. Repositioning the distal segment of the ureter and ureteral orifi ce directly into the bladder may restore urinary continence throughout neoureterocistostomy.Case: A 3-month-old female poodle weighting 4 kg was referred to the Teaching Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS), State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, due to urinary incontinence, dysuria and severe vulvar pyodermatitis since it was 9 weeks old. Normal posturing and voiding of urine did occur, although only sm
RESUMO
Background: Endocrine tumors are considered rare in veterinary medicine. Studies suggest that only one or two per cent of these are primary neoplasms of the adrenal glands. Concerning the histological classifi cation of these masses, the most frequently occurring malignant neoplasms in dogs are adenocarcinomas and pheochromocytomas and, among the benign tumors, adenomas are the most common. Although much rarer, hemangiomas, myelolipomas, among others, may also occur. Dogs with this kind of neoplasm could be asyntomatic or show gastrointestinal signs, pain and urinary tract infection. Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice and could be curative in most cases. This paper reports a case of two concurrent benign, rare adrenal neoplasms in a dog, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatmentCase: An eight-year-old, male castrated Chow-chow, weighting twenty one kilograms, was admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) with a history of intermittent vomiting and diarrhea since it was a puppy. Because of the chronicity and nonspecifi c signs, additional tests were requested. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a round mass, measuring approximately 3.7 cm x 3.2 cm, suggesting a neoplasm. Blood pressure was measured and the mean value was 152 mmHg. Laboratory tests included a complete blood count, albumin (31.62 g/L), ala
Background: Endocrine tumors are considered rare in veterinary medicine. Studies suggest that only one or two per cent of these are primary neoplasms of the adrenal glands. Concerning the histological classifi cation of these masses, the most frequently occurring malignant neoplasms in dogs are adenocarcinomas and pheochromocytomas and, among the benign tumors, adenomas are the most common. Although much rarer, hemangiomas, myelolipomas, among others, may also occur. Dogs with this kind of neoplasm could be asyntomatic or show gastrointestinal signs, pain and urinary tract infection. Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice and could be curative in most cases. This paper reports a case of two concurrent benign, rare adrenal neoplasms in a dog, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment.Case: An eight-year-old, male castrated Chow-chow, weighting twenty one kilograms, was admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) with a history of intermittent vomiting and diarrhea since it was a puppy. Because of the chronicity and nonspecifi c signs, additional tests were requested. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a round mass, measuring approximately 3.7 cm x 3.2 cm, suggesting a neoplasm. Blood pressure was measured and the mean value was 152 mmHg. Laboratory tests included a complete blood count, albumin (31.62 g/L), al
RESUMO
Cases: 1- An eleven-month-old bitch was admitted at the HV-UPF nine days after OVH performed elsewhere, with omentum evisceration due to suture dehiscence. During emergency surgery both ovaries were found surrounded by nylon tie-raps and fi brous tissue adherence. Peritonitis signs were recognizable. Bilateral ovariectomy with nylon 2-0 was performed and the remaining uterus was removed. 2- A five-years-old bitch was referred to the HV-UPF ten days after OVH performed elsewhere, with apathy and suture dehiscence. Free liquid was identified around the bladder and kidneys using the ultrasound exam. Intense hemorrhage from uterine vessels was found during celiotomy. A nylon tie-rap was found loose on the abdominal cavity and another couple were found at both ovaries surrounded by fibrous tissue adherence. Bilateral ovariectomy with nylon 2-0 was performed and a blood transfusion was necessary. 3- A three-years-old bitch was admitted at the HCV-UFRGS six days after OVH performed at another institution, presenting suture dehiscence and evisceration. During emergency surgery, bladder, intestine and musculature necrosis due to the contact with sharp edged nylon tie-raps (prior placed as hemostatic devices), intense fibrous tissue adherence and peritonitis were identified. 4- A two-years-old bitch was referred to the HCV-UFRGS one year after OVH performed elsewhere, with a four-month p
Background: Routine neutering of bitches is typically carried out by ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in Veterinary Medicine, seen by many as a simple procedure. During the conventional approach the points of attachment of the uterus and ovaries are double ligated with absorbable or non-absorbable sutures or even with titanium clamps. It has been described the use of non-surgical polyamide tie-raps as a hemostatic closure method by some authors but there are few papers describing the consequenses of such use. The aim of this study is to report four cases of surgical complications associated with nylon tie-raps use on OVHs on bitches referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospitals of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS) and Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), both at the State of Rio Grande do Sul.Cases: 1- An eleven-month-old bitch was admitted at the HV-UPF nine days after OVH performed elsewhere, with omentum evisceration due to suture dehiscence. During emergency surgery both ovaries were found surrounded by nylon tie-raps and fi brous tissue adherence. Peritonitis signs were recognizable. Bilateral ovariectomy with nylon 2-0 was performed and the remaining uterus was removed. 2- A fi ve-years-old bitch was referred to the HV-UPF ten days after OVH performed elsewhere, with apathy and suture dehiscence. Free liquid was identifi ed around the bladder and kidneys using t
RESUMO
Background: Panniculitis can be associated with a group of multifactorial diseases that develop intense inflammatory response of the subcutaneous fat tissue. The damaged fat cells suffer hydrolysis and saponification. The etiology remains unknown, although it has been associated with infectious agents, vascular pathologies, pancreatic disorders, neoplasms, immunologic diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Nodular sterile panniculitis is referred to the fat subcutaneous tissue inflammation without the presence of microorganisms and generally is presented with multiple or single nodules associated either with systemic or traumatic issues. This assay reports a case of traumatic Panniculitis presented as a single nodule on a dog admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and surgical treatment.Case: An adult mixed breed bitch, weighting 7,5 kg, was admitted at the HV-UPF because of a one-month evolution of a dorsal thoracic subcutaneous mass. Symptomatic treatment with unknown oral antibiotics was administered by another veterinarian, who also tried to perform local puncture drainage unsuccessfully. There was no previous history of local puncture or subcutaneous drug infiltration that could explain the mass. During physical examination, a single, painless and nodular
Background: Panniculitis can be associated with a group of multifactorial diseases that develop intense inflammatory response of the subcutaneous fat tissue. The damaged fat cells suffer hydrolysis and saponification. The etiology remains unknown, although it has been associated with infectious agents, vascular pathologies, pancreatic disorders, neoplasms, immunologic diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Nodular sterile panniculitis is referred to the fat subcutaneous tissue inflammation without the presence of microorganisms and generally is presented with multiple or single nodules associated either with systemic or traumatic issues. This assay reports a case of traumatic Panniculitis presented as a single nodule on a dog admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and surgical treatment.Case: An adult mixed breed bitch, weighting 7,5 kg, was admitted at the HV-UPF because of a one-month evolution of a dorsal thoracic subcutaneous mass. Symptomatic treatment with unknown oral antibiotics was administered by another veterinarian, who also tried to perform local puncture drainage unsuccessfully. There was no previous history of local puncture or subcutaneous drug infiltration that could explain the mass. During physical examination, a single, painless and nodular
RESUMO
Background: Endocrine tumors are considered rare in veterinary medicine. Studies suggest that only one or two per cent of these are primary neoplasms of the adrenal glands. Concerning the histological classifi cation of these masses, the most frequently occurring malignant neoplasms in dogs are adenocarcinomas and pheochromocytomas and, among the benign tumors, adenomas are the most common. Although much rarer, hemangiomas, myelolipomas, among others, may also occur. Dogs with this kind of neoplasm could be asyntomatic or show gastrointestinal signs, pain and urinary tract infection. Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice and could be curative in most cases. This paper reports a case of two concurrent benign, rare adrenal neoplasms in a dog, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatmentCase: An eight-year-old, male castrated Chow-chow, weighting twenty one kilograms, was admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) with a history of intermittent vomiting and diarrhea since it was a puppy. Because of the chronicity and nonspecifi c signs, additional tests were requested. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a round mass, measuring approximately 3.7 cm x 3.2 cm, suggesting a neoplasm. Blood pressure was measured and the mean value was 152 mmHg. Laboratory tests included a complete blood count, albumin (31.62 g/L), ala
Background: Endocrine tumors are considered rare in veterinary medicine. Studies suggest that only one or two per cent of these are primary neoplasms of the adrenal glands. Concerning the histological classifi cation of these masses, the most frequently occurring malignant neoplasms in dogs are adenocarcinomas and pheochromocytomas and, among the benign tumors, adenomas are the most common. Although much rarer, hemangiomas, myelolipomas, among others, may also occur. Dogs with this kind of neoplasm could be asyntomatic or show gastrointestinal signs, pain and urinary tract infection. Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice and could be curative in most cases. This paper reports a case of two concurrent benign, rare adrenal neoplasms in a dog, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment.Case: An eight-year-old, male castrated Chow-chow, weighting twenty one kilograms, was admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) with a history of intermittent vomiting and diarrhea since it was a puppy. Because of the chronicity and nonspecifi c signs, additional tests were requested. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a round mass, measuring approximately 3.7 cm x 3.2 cm, suggesting a neoplasm. Blood pressure was measured and the mean value was 152 mmHg. Laboratory tests included a complete blood count, albumin (31.62 g/L), al
RESUMO
Background: Panniculitis can be associated with a group of multifactorial diseases that develop intense inflammatory response of the subcutaneous fat tissue. The damaged fat cells suffer hydrolysis and saponification. The etiology remains unknown, although it has been associated with infectious agents, vascular pathologies, pancreatic disorders, neoplasms, immunologic diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Nodular sterile panniculitis is referred to the fat subcutaneous tissue inflammation without the presence of microorganisms and generally is presented with multiple or single nodules associated either with systemic or traumatic issues. This assay reports a case of traumatic Panniculitis presented as a single nodule on a dog admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and surgical treatment.Case: An adult mixed breed bitch, weighting 7,5 kg, was admitted at the HV-UPF because of a one-month evolution of a dorsal thoracic subcutaneous mass. Symptomatic treatment with unknown oral antibiotics was administered by another veterinarian, who also tried to perform local puncture drainage unsuccessfully. There was no previous history of local puncture or subcutaneous drug infiltration that could explain the mass. During physical examination, a single, painless and nodular
Background: Panniculitis can be associated with a group of multifactorial diseases that develop intense inflammatory response of the subcutaneous fat tissue. The damaged fat cells suffer hydrolysis and saponification. The etiology remains unknown, although it has been associated with infectious agents, vascular pathologies, pancreatic disorders, neoplasms, immunologic diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Nodular sterile panniculitis is referred to the fat subcutaneous tissue inflammation without the presence of microorganisms and generally is presented with multiple or single nodules associated either with systemic or traumatic issues. This assay reports a case of traumatic Panniculitis presented as a single nodule on a dog admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, emphasizing the clinical signs, diagnosis and surgical treatment.Case: An adult mixed breed bitch, weighting 7,5 kg, was admitted at the HV-UPF because of a one-month evolution of a dorsal thoracic subcutaneous mass. Symptomatic treatment with unknown oral antibiotics was administered by another veterinarian, who also tried to perform local puncture drainage unsuccessfully. There was no previous history of local puncture or subcutaneous drug infiltration that could explain the mass. During physical examination, a single, painless and nodular