RESUMO
The authors report the first case of dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton raubitschekii in a patient from the State of São Paulo with Tinea corporis lesions localized on the buttocks. Culture on Sabouraud-agar with cycloheximide permitted the isolation and identification of the fungus, and the diagnosis was confirmed by Dr. Lynne Sigler, University of Alberta, Canada. Systemic treatment with fluconazole, 150 mg/week for 4 weeks, in combination with topical treatment with isoconazole initially yielded favorable results, with recurrence of the lesions after the medication was discontinued. This is the fifth case of this dermatophytosis published in the Brazilian medical literature.
Assuntos
Tinha/microbiologia , Trichophyton/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Fluconazol/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Miconazol/análogos & derivados , Miconazol/uso terapêutico , Tinha/tratamento farmacológico , Tinha/epidemiologia , Trichophyton/classificação , Trichophyton/citologiaRESUMO
The authors report two cases of onychomycosis in the dystrophic form, one of them involving an HIV-positive patient, provoked by Scytalidium dimidiatum, previously called Scytalidium lignicola. The subject is reviewed from the taxonomic viewpoint, considering the anamorph Hendersonula toruloidea as a synonym of Nattrassia mangiferae, and having Scytalidium dimidiatum as the major synanamorph. According to many mycologists, Scytalidium hyalinum may be a separate species or a hyaline mutant of Scytalidium dimidiatum. Scytalidium lignicola Pesante 1957 was considered to be the type-species of the genus by ELLIS (1971)13 and later to be a "conidial state" of Hendersonula toruloidea by the same author, today known as Nattrassia mangiferae. The microorganism lives only on the roots of certain plants (mainly Platanus and Pinus). It produces pycnidia and is not considered to be a pathogen, although it is considered as a possible emerging agent capable of provoking opportunistic fungal lesions. The importance of this topic as one of the most outstanding in fungal taxonomy, so likely to be modified over time, as well as its interest in the field of dermatologic mycology, are emphasized.
Assuntos
Fungos Mitospóricos/classificação , Onicomicose/microbiologia , Adulto , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Dermatoses do Pé/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatoses do Pé/microbiologia , Dermatoses da Mão/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatoses da Mão/microbiologia , Humanos , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Cetoconazol/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Fungos Mitospóricos/isolamento & purificação , Onicomicose/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
The authors conducted a mycologic, immunochemical and molecular biology study on two strains of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, one of them, called IBIA, isolated from soil in the municipality of IBIA (Minas Gerais) by Silva-Vergara et al. (1996, 1998), and the other, BAT, cultivated from a human case of paracoccidioidomycosis in Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo/Brazil) by Freitas Da Silva (1996). Both strains showed cotton-like (M) and yeast-like (Y) forms and were pathogenic for testicularly inoculated guinea pigs, producing granulomatous and/or suppurative orchitis. Immunochemically was demonstrated the presence of gp43 by double immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis and immunoblotting.
Assuntos
Paracoccidioides/classificação , Paracoccidioides/imunologia , Animais , Cobaias , Humanos , Imunoquímica/métodos , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Paracoccidioides/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The present study concern on mycologic and immunochemical data obtained from two samples of a fungus considered as belonging to the species Paracoccidioides cerebriformis described by Moore in 1935, and maintained since then on Sabouraud's agar in the mycology collection of the Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo. After 60 years, the samples exhibited the same characteristics described by MOORE (1935). However, experimental lesions did not resulted in guinea-pigs inoculated intratesticularly. The dominant antigen in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, 43 kDa glicoprotein (gp43), could not be demonstrated by SDS PAGE and Western blotting. Immunoelectrophoresis did not demonstrated the E arch of cathodic migration using a policlonal anti gp43 serum. According to these findings, it is concluded that the fungus described by MOORE (1935) as P. cerebriformis does not belong to the genus Paracoccidioides. Paracoccidioidomycosis should therefore be considered as resulting from infection by a single species, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Splendore, 1912) as asserted by ALMEIDA (1930). Further studies, through molecular biology methods, could identify the mentioned fungus.
Assuntos
Paracoccidioides/classificação , Paracoccidioides/imunologia , Animais , Cobaias , Humanos , Imuno-HistoquímicaRESUMO
We demonstrated through several immunochemical tests the presence of gp43 from P. brasiliensis in extracts of cutaneous lesions from Jorge Lobo's disease. This glicoprotein is one of the immunodominant antigens in this species, and is used to identify it. The demonstration of gp43 tissues infected by the agent of Jorge Lobo's disease is an additional evidence for classifying it in the genera Paracoccidioides, species loboi.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Fungos/imunologia , Proteínas Fúngicas , Glicoproteínas/imunologia , Oligossacarídeos/imunologia , Paracoccidioides/imunologia , Paracoccidioidomicose/diagnóstico , Paracoccidioidomicose/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Idiotípicos , Reações Antígeno-Anticorpo , Antígenos de Superfície , Humanos , Glicoproteínas de MembranaRESUMO
The basidiomycosis, fungal infections provoked by basidiomycetes or agaric fungi have been recorded at growing frequencies in the medical literature, especially after the advent of AIDS in 1991. The basidiospores of these fungi, scattered in the atmosphere and transported by winds or air currents, reach the maxillary sinuses through the nasal route, most of the times causing signs and symptoms of chronic sinusitis. Basidiomycetes have also been isolated from sputum, especially Schizophyllum commune. Lesions of the buccal mucosa, brain abscesses, onychomycosis and endocarditis have been described, with a growing interest in this type of deep mycosis on the part of mycologists and infectologists. The present paper reports descriptions of mycetism as well as infectious processes caused by basidiomycetes, such as Schizophyllum commune, Ustilago maydis (= Ustilago zeae) and Coprinus cinereus.
Assuntos
Basidiomycota/classificação , Micoses , Humanos , Micoses/diagnóstico , Micoses/microbiologiaRESUMO
A sample of P. brasiliensis isolated from the spleen and the liver of an armadillo (Dasipus novencinctus) has been analysed under a mycological and immunochemical viewpoint. The armadillo was captured in an area of Tucuruí (State of Pará, Brazil), the animal being already established as an enzootic reservoir of P. brasiliensis at that region of the country. This sample maintained in the fungal collection of the Tropical Medicine Institute of São Paulo (Brazil) numbered 135, has got all the characteristics of P. brasiliensis, with a strong antigenic power and low virulence for guinea-pigs and Wistar rats. The specific exoantigen of P. brasiliensis--the glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 43 kDa--was easily demonstrated with double immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, SDS-PAGE and immunobloting techniques.
Assuntos
Tatus/microbiologia , Paracoccidioides/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Antígenos de Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Cricetinae , Reservatórios de Doenças , Cobaias , Imunoquímica , Imunoglobulina G , Masculino , Paracoccidioides/imunologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Two cases of Aspergillosis in immunocompromised children are reported. Both were caused by Aspergillus flavus. Early diagnosis and treatment led to the remission of the process. One patient had acute myeloid leukemia; the fungus was isolated from the blood. The other patient with bone marrow aplasia, presented an invasive aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses with dissemination of fungal infection; the diagnosis was obtained by histology and culture of biopsied tissue from a palatal ulceration.
Assuntos
Aspergilose/complicações , Doenças da Medula Óssea/complicações , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/complicações , Adolescente , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Aspergilose/diagnóstico , Aspergilose/tratamento farmacológico , Aspergilose/imunologia , Aspergillus flavus/isolamento & purificação , Doenças da Medula Óssea/imunologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/imunologiaRESUMO
The purpose of this work was to collect the main information from the literature about the biotyping of Cryptococcus neoformans. The more up-to date research concerning the epidemiology of cryptococcosis comprising quite a few articles, mainly after the advent of AIDS, was also reviewed. The Cryptococcus neoformans varieties neoformans and gattii are well defined biochemically nowadays chiefly through the C.G.B. medium, according to Kwon-Chung et al. (1982). The isolation of C. neoformans var. gattii from flowers and leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus tereticornis, specially in Australia, through the works of Ellis & Pfeiffer (1990) and Pfeiffer & Ellis (1992) permitted very interesting epidemiological investigations on C. neoformans, a capsulated yeast by which Sanfelice, in Italy (1894; 1895) attracted attention of medical class. Busse, in 1894, described the first human case of cryptococcosis under the presentation of a bone lesion simulating sarcoma. In this paper, the Brazilian researchers focused on this subject were pointed out, followed by the Author's experience with the C.G.B. medium (L-canavanine, glycine and bromothymol blue) proposed by Kwon-Chung et al. (1982) with very good results. It was possible with such medium the study of 50 C.N.S. liquor samples, being 39 from AIDS patients (78%) and 11 from non-AIDS ones (22%). Thirty-seven out of the 39 HIV-positive patients (74%) were identified as C. neoformans var. gattii. From the negative HIV, 8 (16%) were classified as C. neoformans var. neoformans and 3 (6%) as C. neoformans var. gattii. We could not perform the serotyping of the above referred samples. It is evident anyway that in Brazil there exist both varieties gattii and neoformans, agents of neurocryptococcosis, including AIDS patients. The importance of neurocryptococcosis, mainly among AIDS patients, is stressed here, showing once more the value of C.G.B. medium in the typing of C. neoformans in its two varieties. Also, it is of relevant importance the demonstration that some species of eucalyptus may act as "host-trees" of C. neoformans var. gattii.
Assuntos
Criptococose/epidemiologia , Cryptococcus neoformans/classificação , Animais , Azul de Bromotimol , Canavanina , Criptococose/fisiopatologia , Cryptococcus neoformans/isolamento & purificação , Meios de Cultura , Glicina , SorotipagemRESUMO
The case of a patient with meningoencephafalitis due to a nonencapsulated strain of Cryptococcus neoformans is reported; he had no risk factors for the disease or AIDS. Clinical examination showed a chronic meningoencephalitis first diagnosed as tuberculosis. In the second cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination after a week from admission yeasts appeared inside macrophage cells. CSF culture in Sabouraud medium disclosed nonencapsulated Cryptococcus neoformans (biochemical identification). Sample inoculation in mouse (intraperitoneal) evidenced a capsule that disappeared in several consecutive cultures. The morphology of the yeast was studied by electronic microscopy. After treatment with amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine the patient had a favorable evolution. The significance of capsular material is discussed.