RESUMO

From 100 to 200 days of gestation, 52 cows carrying male (n = 30) or female (n = 22) fetuses were assigned to CON (basal diet-5.5% of CP, n = 26) or SUP (basal diet + protein supplement [40% CP, 3.5 g/kg BW]-12% of CP, n = 26) treatments. Glucose concentrations decreased at 200 (p ≤ 0.01; CON = 46.9 and SUP = 54.7 mg/dL) and 270 days (p ≤ 0.05; CON = 48.4 and SUP = 53.3 mg/dL) for CON compared to SUP. The same pattern occurred for insulin (p ≤ 0.01). At parturition, the NEFA concentration was greater (p = 0.01, 0.10 vs. 0.08 mmol/L) for CON than for SUP. Total AA increased in SUP (p ≤ 0.03) at mid- and late-gestation compared to CON. At 200 days, CON dams carrying females had less essential AA (p = 0.01) than cows carrying males. The SUP dams had greater expressions of protein synthesis markers, namely eIf4E and GSK3ß (p ≤ 0.04), at day 200 and of MuFR1 (protein degradation marker, p ≤ 0.04) at parturition. Supplemented cows had higher hepatic pyruvate carboxylase expressions (p = 0.02). Therefore, PS alleviates the restriction overload on maternal metabolism.

RESUMO

This study aimed to assess the effects of maternal protein supplementation and offspring sex (OS) on the intake parameters of the offspring. Forty-three Tabapuã cows were randomly allocated in the following treatments: protein supplementation (PS) during days 100-200 of gestation (RES, 5.5% total crude protein (CP), n = 2, or CON, 10% total CP, n = 19) and OS (females, n = 20; males, n = 23). The offspring were evaluated during the cow-calf (0-210 days), backgrounding (255-320 days), growing 1 (321-381 days), and growing 2 (382-445 days) phases. The CON offspring tended to present higher dry matter intake (DMI) at weaning (p = 0.06). The CON males presented lower digestibility of major diet components in the growing 2 phase (p ≤ 0.02). The CON offspring spent 52% more time per day eating supplements at 100 days and 17% less time in idleness at 210 days. The CON males spent 15 min more per day ruminating than RES males in the feedlot phase (p = 0.01). We concluded that protein supplementation over gestation alters the offspring feed intake pattern as a whole, while protein restriction promotes compensatory responses on nutrient digestibility in males.

RESUMO

We aimed to investigate the effects of maternal protein restriction during mid-gestation on the skeletal muscle composition of the offspring. In the restriction treatment (RES, n = 9), cows were fed a basal diet, while in the control (CON, n = 9) group cows received the same RES diet plus the protein supplement during mid-gestation (100-200d). Samples of Longissimus dorsi muscle were collected from the offspring at 30d and 450d postnatal. Muscle fiber number was found to be decreased as a result of maternal protein restriction and persisted throughout the offspring's life (p < 0.01). The collagen content was enhanced (p < 0.05) due to maternal protein restriction at 30d. MHC2X mRNA expression tended to be higher (p = 0.08) in RES 30d offspring, however, no difference (p > 0.05) was found among treatments at 450d. Taken together, our results suggest that maternal protein restriction during mid-gestation has major and persistent effects by reducing muscle fiber formation and may slightly increase collagen accumulation in the skeletal muscle of the offspring. Although maternal protein restriction may alter the muscle fiber metabolism by favoring the establishment of a predominant glycolytic metabolism, the postnatal environment may be a determinant factor that establishes the different proportion of muscle fiber types.

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic consortium on feed intake, feeding behavior, feed efficiency, fecal score, weight gain and carcass traits in finishing Nellore heifers fed high energy diets in feedlot. Twenty-four Nellore heifers were distributed in 12 pens with two animals each, being six pens per treatment. In the control treatment (CON) the animals were fed exclusively with the base diet, which contained 35% corn silage and 65% concentrate. In the treatment with probiotic consortium technology (TCP), the animals received the base diet and a single dose of 75 mL/animal/day of Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) top-dressed in the morning feeding. There was no period of adaptation to the diet. The experiment lasted 93 days. The use of TCP did not affect (P = 0.980) the dry matter intake. The average daily gain was 12.5% greater (P = 0.025) in the animals treated with TCP (0.941 kg/day for TCP versus 0.834 kg/day for CON). The animals that received TCP improved (P = 0.021) the feed efficiency by 12.6%. The animals that received TCP tended to have a better (P = 0.094) fecal score within the first 27 days of feedlot. There were no significant effects of TCP on the feeding behavior and carcass traits. Based on the results, there is a great potential of using TCP to improve productivity in beef cattle.(AU)

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do consórcio probiótico sobre consumo de alimento, comportamento alimentar, eficiência alimentar, escore fecal, ganho de peso e características de carcaça na terminação em confinamento de novilhas Nelore alimentadas com dieta de alta energia. Vinte e quatro novilhas da raça Nelore foram distribuídas em 12 baias com dois animais cada, sendo seis baias para cada tratamento. A dieta base continha 35% de silagem de milho e 65% de concentrado. No tratamento controle (CON) os animais foram alimentados exclusivamente com a dieta base. No tratamento com tecnologia de consórcio probiótico (TCP), os animais receberam, além da dieta base, uma dose única de 75 mL/animal/dia de Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) sobre a ração na alimentação matinal. Nenhum período de adaptação à dieta foi realizado. O período experimental durou 93 dias. O uso de TCP não alterou (P = 0,980) o consumo de matéria seca em relação ao CON. O ganho médio diário foi 12,5% maior (P = 0,025) nos animais tratados com TCP (0,941 kg/dia para TCP versus 0,834 kg/dia para CON). Os animais que receberam TCP melhoraram (P = 0,021) a eficiência alimentar em 12,6%. Os animais que receberam TCP tenderam a ter melhor (P = 0,094) escore fecal nos primeiros 27 dias de confinamento. Não houve efeitos significativos da TCP sobre o comportamento alimentar e características de carcaça. Com base nos resultados observados nesse estudo, existe um grande potencial de utilização do TCP para melhorar a produtividade em bovinos de corte.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic consortium on feed intake, feeding behavior, feed efficiency, fecal score, weight gain and carcass traits in finishing Nellore heifers fed high energy diets in feedlot. Twenty-four Nellore heifers were distributed in 12 pens with two animals each, being six pens per treatment. In the control treatment (CON) the animals were fed exclusively with the base diet, which contained 35% corn silage and 65% concentrate. In the treatment with probiotic consortium technology (TCP), the animals received the base diet and a single dose of 75 mL/animal/day of Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) top-dressed in the morning feeding. There was no period of adaptation to the diet. The experiment lasted 93 days. The use of TCP did not affect (P = 0.980) the dry matter intake. The average daily gain was 12.5% greater (P = 0.025) in the animals treated with TCP (0.941 kg/day for TCP versus 0.834 kg/day for CON). The animals that received TCP improved (P = 0.021) the feed efficiency by 12.6%. The animals that received TCP tended to have a better (P = 0.094) fecal score within the first 27 days of feedlot. There were no significant effects of TCP on the feeding behavior and carcass traits. Based on the results, there is a great potential of using TCP to improve productivity in beef cattle.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do consórcio probiótico sobre consumo de alimento, comportamento alimentar, eficiência alimentar, escore fecal, ganho de peso e características de carcaça na terminação em confinamento de novilhas Nelore alimentadas com dieta de alta energia. Vinte e quatro novilhas da raça Nelore foram distribuídas em 12 baias com dois animais cada, sendo seis baias para cada tratamento. A dieta base continha 35% de silagem de milho e 65% de concentrado. No tratamento controle (CON) os animais foram alimentados exclusivamente com a dieta base. No tratamento com tecnologia de consórcio probiótico (TCP), os animais receberam, além da dieta base, uma dose única de 75 mL/animal/dia de Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) sobre a ração na alimentação matinal. Nenhum período de adaptação à dieta foi realizado. O período experimental durou 93 dias. O uso de TCP não alterou (P = 0,980) o consumo de matéria seca em relação ao CON. O ganho médio diário foi 12,5% maior (P = 0,025) nos animais tratados com TCP (0,941 kg/dia para TCP versus 0,834 kg/dia para CON). Os animais que receberam TCP melhoraram (P = 0,021) a eficiência alimentar em 12,6%. Os animais que receberam TCP tenderam a ter melhor (P = 0,094) escore fecal nos primeiros 27 dias de confinamento. Não houve efeitos significativos da TCP sobre o comportamento alimentar e características de carcaça. Com base nos resultados observados nesse estudo, existe um grande potencial de utilização do TCP para melhorar a produtividade em bovinos de corte.

Assuntos